«Наука и образование – 2017»

“Филологические науки” 1.Методика  преподавания языка и литературы.

Oleksandr Rak

Department of the Foreign Languages,

Higher State Educational Institution of Ukraine

“Bukovinian State Medical University”

Teaching methods

in the modern lesson of foreign languages

Learning foreign languages is not a goal in itself but a vehicle for access to culture and mobility in Europe without borders. The teaching of modern languages cannot be an ordinary discipline, confined only to the transmission of language knowledge. By occupying a privileged place for intercultural contact, it should be complemented by cultural experience and knowledge.

The use of computers, multimedia technologies and the global information network have a huge impact on the training system, causing considerable changes in the content and methods of teaching foreign languages. The main component of the content of a foreign language is the teaching of various aspects of speech activity: speaking, listening, reading and writing. The computer program organizes the individual work, directs and meets the conditions for the students to obtain their knowledge on their own.

The Internet seems to be the most significant among these new technologies, because we browse the net and learn, open access to many foreign languages. Computer-assisted language learning under the Internet platform has become a vector in contemporary education.

As an information technology, the Internet provides materials on grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, etc. A learner-user can also practice the language he / she learns through websites designed to learn foreign languages.

The main methodological and technological advantages of a computer are: the individualization of teaching; the ability to work with large volumes of information; the multisensory complex influence on various channels of perception through voice, sound, animations and video.

Key distinguishing features of computer-based teaching in general, and of learning programs in particular, are: interactivity, multi-sensibility, adaptability, non-linearity of representations of information, individuality of design, need for special preparation of the user for working with the program.

The interactivity of a computer program is its ability to lead the dialogue with the user, to react to requests made by the user or the team. The means of conducting the dialogue between a man and a machine and its contents are defined by the technical level and the type of the programs.

Multi-sensory method includes all means for the representation of information (text, sound, graphics, animations, video), allows us to solve the important educational tasks: to move towards various channels of learner’s perception; vary the regimes of the representation of information; show the phenomena in dynamics; insert the learner into the learning materials of the assignment, implementation of which is difficult or impossible without using the computer.

The technique of visualization in the form of animation illustrates movements of the organs of speech, and the oscillogram shows the amplitude of sound fluctuations, obviously allows to present the processes accompanying the production of the words, and to compare the personal pronunciation with example based on the comparison of the oscillograms.

The adaptability in the computer equipment includes the ability to automatically change the operation depending on the defined aspects of the job, the condition or the external conditions. For computer education the adaptive possibilities of a system mean existence of techniques of individualization of education.

Nonlinearity of information representation is explained by the fact that computer programs differ greatly from typographic means. If the content of a traditional textbook is presented as the linear succession of paragraphs, the content of the computer program is hidden from the user. The perception of an comprehensive information on a substantial filling of the tasks and on the referential documents, on the system of help, on the possible modes of work, the peculiarities of the feedback is impossible and demands careful study of the documents. There is a possibility of parallel use of the dictionary, word processing system, reference documents.

Individualisation can be achieved through the choice of the level of complexity of a document being studied; amounts of homework; time given on homework assignment; evaluation systems.

The modern lesson of the foreign language is in a way a complex learning. Thanks to the computer means, during the lesson we can solve the tasks to several projects. At each lesson the learners receive an "addition" to the practical possession of the language studied. One can express oneself in the best pronunciation of words by studying new words, new grammatical forms and structures, in the acquisition of knowledge according to the culture of the country of the studied language, in the field of literature, history of music, that is to say, learners immerse themselves into the culture and national psychology of the country whose language they study.

The teacher's task includes creating the conditions for the practical acquisition of the language for each learner, choosing such methods of teaching, which would allow everyone to manifest their activity and creativity. The teacher's task is also to activate the cognitive activity of the learner in the course of learning foreign languages. Modern educational technologies such as teaching in cooperation, the method of projects, the use of new telematics, Internet sources help to achieve the oriented and personal approach in teaching, ensure individualization and the differentiation of teaching by providing for students' abilities, level, dispositions etc.

The students have the possibility of the immersion into the authentic communicative medium, having a text in Ukrainian with its translation before them. The task can be complicated by closing the translation and the text itself. We can learn here how to use the virtual library, visit virtually any museum in the world. Magnetic media contain beautifully presented materials on the country of the studied language: current events and historical personalities; culture and inventions and many others. Grammar is presented on the disk in the form of explanation of the new material followed by various tests to consolidate both the new and previously studied topics, by dictations etc.

The computer test, like any test, gives the possibility of individualizing and differentiating exercises of different levels. In addition, the tests of the computer allow to return to the questions not recovered and to perform the work on the errors.

Learners like doing homework in the form of presentations. In this case one has the possibility to realize the creative potential, choosing independently the form of the presentation of a document, the means and the succession of his exhibition. This is the differential approach of teaching. In my practice there are many examples, how the student showing knowledge, independently creates and certainly presents the prepared document on a high level. Possession of a computer skills increases self-confidence and, in addition, broadens the horizon and helps to get new knowledge.

This year at the Department of Foreign Languages at Bukovinian State Medical University, we have the opportunity to implement the above-mentioned projects by joining all educational audiences to the Internet. Students perform individually-independent work in the form of presentations, speaking in front of their colleagues-groupmates.

Each presentation is already the project accomplished with the help of computer technology. The method of projects presentations is always directed to the independent activity of the learners - individual, in pair, in group, which is carried out during the defined period of time. This method can organically be combined with the method of teaching in cooperation, the problematic and scientific method of teaching. Here, the invaluable help of the Internet can grant. Quick access to various information, use of all multimedia technologies allows to realize the most courageous and unexpected ideas. If one possesses not only the main means of information processing, but also can cope with more complex programs, the creation of a truly unique projects is possible.

Now students in the search for additional information are increasingly turning to the Internet which contains huge possibilities of information and services no less impressionable. It is no wonder that foreign language teachers have valued the potential of the global Internet network. It creates the unique possibilities for the study of a foreign language, using the authentic texts, to communicate with the bearers of the language; it creates the natural environment of language.

There are a lot of authentic Internet courses teaching languages at different levels: the karaoke of the songs, the poems, the dialogues, the teaching of the reading, the thematic vocabulary, the grammar, a huge number of literary texts in different genres and examples of text analysis etc. Video trip can be taken by various tourist routes, by museums, to see French or English films etc.

Using the computer, communicative verbal activity has to be examined in three aspects: firstly, it is the free relationships of students in real-time mode through e-mail and information networks, that is, to establish the authentic dialogue in writing between the partners according to the communication; secondly, it is the interactive cooperation of dialogue learned with the computer, to which one pursues the real aims of the communication, that is, to establish a dialogue between man and machine; thirdly, it is the relationships learned in the classroom in the process of working with computer programs playing the role of motivation for communication and the means of restoring the conditions of a real situation.