Экология / Экологический мониторинг

Хамитова С.М.

Vologda state University, Vologda, Russia

CHALLENGES INCREASE THE QUALITY OF FORESTS

In recent years, more and more urgent becomes the problem of increasing the productivity of forests, increasing the yield of valuable defect-free raw materials per unit area, improve the properties of the growing standing timber, growing timber with desired qualities. [1-5]

Even a cursory acquaintance with the quality standards shows that the limiting factors that contributes to the grade of tree trunks are bitches.

It was found that the quantitative and qualitative yield of almost 70% of roundwood softwood driven by the size, number and condition of wood knots.

Due to the biological characteristics of trees, twigs - remaining in the base of the barrel wood branches - are mandatory membership of all round logs. [6-8]

In accordance with this definition should identify the main areas of study of knotty wood:

1. Knotty as one of the main flaws of wood, a negative effect on the grade of wood.

2. Knots as a cost object when cleaning the barrels of the branches in the logging industry and the pruning of the trees growing in the forestry sector.

3. Branches (live knots) as an additional source of wood raw material.

4. Crohn tree as a control center for the accumulation of its stem weight.

Vologda region is one of the richest forest areas of the European part of Russia. its forests are essential for the development of the regional economy and to lesoeksporta. The proximity of the major consumers of timber products - lesodefitsitnyh central, southern and western areas of economic prejudice to the Vologda region, in comparison with its northern and eastern neighbors, defines the main task of forestry in the region - increasing the productivity of forests. For its solution it is important to target growing artificial plantations with tree trunks given quality. [9-12]

European Spruce and Scots pine growing in the vast habitat, in the course of evolution were differentiated by their heredity and environment due to the properties. Selection of forms of spruce and pine trees with the aim of growing tree trunks for the needs of the sawmill, pulp and paper industry, construction, can be differentiated.

In the early 21st century, interest in the study of knotted parameters increased enough that is dictated by the need of the consumer to the defect-free quality wood raw materials.

Timely and targeted issues to ensure defect-free and cheap wood raw materials will ensure stable operation of the timber industry in the long term. Therefore, research in this field determines the relevance of the study.

So gnarly - one of the main defects that adversely affect their sortable output and ultimately the cost of tree trunks on the basis of quality standards.

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