Economic
science/ 10. Enterprise economy
D. Stashenuk
(Master of 2 course)
National University of technologies and design, Kyiv
Increasing efficiency of enterprise's innovative activity
in the world of modern economy
Ukraine ³ncreasing the level of efficiency of
innovative activity of enterprise in conditions of modern economy ³n Ukraine, the issues of innovation
activities in the direction of improving the efficiency and quality aspects of
production and economic activity can be ensured not only by constant
improvement of the production process, but also on the basis of transition of
the enterprises to the innovative way of development.
The crucial role of
innovation radically changes the activity of enterprise in conditions of modern
economy. Innovations become the core competitiveness of enterprises, increase
efficiency, and improve the quality of products and services.
Innovative activities is
a process aimed at the implementation of results of completed scientific
research and development or other scientific and technological achievements
into new or improved products sold in the market, used in practical activities,
as well as the associated additional research and development.
Innovative activities
include:
–
implementation
of scientific-research, experimental-design or technological works on creation
of an innovative product;
–
the
integrated scientific-technological, indicative planning and target
programming, organization and legal maintenance of works on creation of an
innovative product;
–
technological
re-equipment and production preparation for release of an innovative product
(service), technology;
–
manage
the processes of technology commercialization;
–
activities
to promote innovative product in domestic and global markets, including the legal
protection of results of intellectual activities used in the product; -creation
and development of innovation infrastructure;
–
expertise,
consulting, information, legal and other services to create and implement new and
improved innovative product.
Innovation is the result
of innovative activity, reflected in the form of scientific, technical,
organizational or socio-economic innovations that can be obtained at any stage
of the innovation process.
The results of innovation
are also know - how, which represent a fully or partially confidential
knowledge, experience, skills, including information, technical, economic,
administrative, financial and otherwise.
Innovation performance
can be evaluated through the competitiveness of new products, their successful
representation in domestic and foreign markets. For the analysis and assessment
of innovations and innovative activity in economic theory uses two major
concepts of effect and efficiency.
Òhe two major concepts of
«effect» and «efficiency» are used in economic theory for the analysis and assessment
of innovations and innovative activity.
Efficiency - the relative
effect, the performance of the process, operation, project, defined as the
ratio of the effect (result) to the cost, expenditure, contributing to, ensure
its receipt.
Man can indicate
economic, scientific-technical, financial, resource, and social effects.
Calculations of results
and costs are divided into indicators due to the temporary factor:
The temporary factor in
the calculations of results and costs are divided into indicators: the effect for the billing period and yearly
effect.
²n the management efficiency of the innovation process, in
addition to ensuring its technical and economic indicators, the main position
is the reduction of the period of time in R & d and the choice of the
release date of a new product on the market.
The market launch of new
technologies demonstrates the effectiveness of innovative activities. One of
the constraints for improving the effectiveness of innovation is the lack of
effective innovation mechanism, first of all, development of information
support for innovation activities.
The problem of ensuring
the industrial enterprises’ innovative activity growth is important for
Ukraine, because the problem of production efficiency increasing is in front of
each business structure, and its solution requires the introduction of various
innovative solutions. However,
it should be noted that innovation activity of the country is still not sufficiently developed, as evidenced
by national statistics.
The development of innovation-oriented industrial enterprise depends on its choice and
purchasing the new technologies whose
implementation ensure its
competitiveness
over the long period of time.
And finally, the most
important limiting factor in the present state of the economy is the lack of
enterprises ' own funds for financing the investment required, the difficulty
of obtaining long-term loans, high interest rates,a small volume of
preferential crediting. To eliminate these drawbacks will help increase the
effectiveness of innovation.
References:
1. Shmatkovska,
T. A. Dolinko, T. V. (2015), «Innovative activity as the factor of
competitiveness of enterprises of the agricultural sector», Problems of
formation and development of innovation infrastructure: the European vector
[Lviv Polytechnic publishing] ¹3, Ukraine
2. Boyko I.M. , Beznos S.V. (2013), The innovative activity of industrial enterprises as a factor
of increasing their competitiveness. Ekonomika: realiyi chasu, ¹4(9), Ukraine
3. Hlukhova S.V. (2013) Suchasni pidkhody do otsinky efektyvnosti
innovatsiynoyi diyal'nosti pidpryyemstva // Visnyk NTU «KhPI». Seriya: Tekhnichnyy prohres i efektyvnist' vyrobnytstva. – Kh.: NTU «KhPI», Ukraine