Матасова И.Н., Худик Ю.И.

Карагандинский государственный университет им. акад. Е.А. Букетова,

г. Караганда, Казахстан

Mental peculiarities of the foreign language understanding through the intercultural communication

(based on the Russian and English languages)

Mental characteristics of a person assume the interconnection of the thought and language structures. «Mental characteristics are characteristics that relate to the mind, to the mental activity» [1].

Multinationality creates a favorable situation for the acquisition of new knowledge, but on the other hand, the greater the differences among the interacting people, the greater the possibility of the conflict. Therefore, it is necessary for people to possess an arsenal of all kinds of facilities and types of intercultural communication. “Intercultural communication is an adequate understanding between the two participants of the communicative act that belong to different national cultures” [2, P. 26].

In the process of understanding there is the constantly functioning mechanism of getting reasoning, hypothesis verification. Consequently, in the process of understanding the work of the mental mechanisms is used.

There is a definite structure to create statements. According to A. A. Leontyev, it consists of four stages: motivation stage, planning stage, the stage of the plan implementation, the stage of comparing the plan implementation with the plan itself [3, P. 343].

In this regard, the main argument is the formulation of L. S. Vygotskiy about the fact that the line from the thought to the word is indirect. Before coming to the foreign language, the thought goes through several stages: from the cause of this thought to the implementation of the thought itself, and then - to its mediation in the Russian language, and then in the English language, and only then in words.

The main processes of speech formation are the concepts of “meaning” and “inner speech” [4, P. 74].

In order to understand each other communication is necessary. By its nature, intercultural communication is communication that takes place between people of different nationalities [5, P. 137].

Intercultural communication is formed in the course of the conditional interaction between groups as well as between individuals. Differences in cultures can always be understood by their type, nature and outcome of communication. In most cases, the attitude and the perception of speech by a native speaker influence communication.

The theory of Noam Chomsky provides an authoritative statement about the mental characteristics of a person. According to his point of view, communication skills, which are the basis of language, are inborn and unchangeable. Differences between the languages of the world can be explained by brain aims, which may be similar to the switch. In accordance with this statement, in order to learn a language children need to learn only words and morphemes.

The idea of N. Chomsky made a great impression on researchers who studied the process of mastering languages by children.

Based on the fact that one of the major problems of the modern generation is the insufficient study of the problem of the mental characteristics of a person and his understanding of the foreign speech of a native speaker, in our work we set a task to find ways to solve this problem.

For this purpose we conducted a research on the understanding of the foreign language on the mental level through the intercultural communication. During the research we tried to find an answer to the question how to solve the problem associated with the study of the mental process of the human cognitive consciousness, to determine the level of understanding of the foreign language with the help of intercultural communication. Our aim was to conduct a survey among the students of the academician Ye. A. Buketov Karaganda State University.

Analysis of the materials collected has shown that the understanding of the foreign speech depends directly on the mental abilities of a person; knowledge of a foreign language depends on the student’s age and his general knowledge acquired in childhood. Skills acquired in childhood is a platform for the further development.

Our research shows that at the moment the main thing is that the speaker is the man who speaks a certain language from infancy, and has not studied it in a later age, or as an adult. You can speak a foreign language and understand it, study the culture and even move to another country, but you still will not be able to think as a native speaker. But do not be upset, you know that the world needs your knowledge and skills, and they usually come with experience.

Our research has shown that at the moment the main human factors are mental understanding and intercultural communication.

Literature:

1. Electronic version of the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language” by Ozhegov S. I. — М: Russian language, 2000 [electronic resource]. — Access mode. — URL: http://enc-dic.com/ozhegov/Mentalnyj-15489.html (application date is 15.11.2016)

2. Vereshchagin E. M., Kostomarov V. G. Language and Culture. - M., 1990.

3. Leontyev A. A. Psychophysiological mechanisms of speech // General Linguistics. Forms of existence, function, language history. - М., 1970. – P. 314-370.

4. Vygotskiy L.S. Thought and Speech // Vygotskiy L.S Collection of works. In 6 volumes. Vol 2. - М., 1982.

5. Trager G., Hall E. Culture as Communication: A Model and Analysis. – New York, 1954. – No. 3. - P. 137-149.