First course doctoral candidate, Salbyrova M.T.

Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abay

Single - industry town development ways in Kazakhstan

The article researches Kazakhstan single - industry town’ development which are a labor source of settlements solution ways and their development. The main focus is transferred to the state program for the single - industry town development.

Currently, single - industry towns’ development is important for cities to diversify the country economy. Generally, the only one capable of producing development processes of the city economic potential, including the industry, will help increase the enterprises flow in the city.

Regard this, on January 30, 2012 the country leader approved the action program №261 named "Socio - economic modernization - Kazakhstan developments main direction» January 25, 2012, Kazakhstan Republic Government in connection with №683 Decree implementation was the development of single - industry towns for 2012-2020.

Economy dependent on the one company production, the one industry that only support single - industry towns a great help to the state development.

Single - industry towns are not only caused due to the crisis, the financial and economic crisis were relevant issues, such as:

- the residential construction decline (the pre-crisis period);

- the lack of transport infrastructure;

- fixed assets depreciation of enterprises;

- extreme environmental stress areas;

- heating and water systems, electricity, communication networks deterioration.

The program purpose – is not only building social facilities, the road repair in the cities which are looking at single city-forming company, but the first thing is the production diversification, providing an opportunity to open other production centers.

The program advantage should be carried out during the time period to develop the optimal quantity of the chosen cities.

Single - industry town is one or a few (not many) forming a core raw materials and determining the city’s economic direction and social situation in the main part of the able-bodied population and industrial enterprises (20 %) of the consolidated city.

Small town’s category is a population of 10 thousand to 200 thousand people and is characterized by the following features:

1. The output of the city-forming enterprises, in the main sector makes more than 20% of enterprises industrial output of the producer city. (mono specialization);

2. More than 20 % of the total employed population is provided with work in the city-forming enterprises;

3. The city-forming enterprises are cities working half to half, or terminating the services of the city. [1].

Population of 1.53 million people or 16.8 per cent of the urban population in the country, 27 single - industry towns have been selected by Kazakhstan Republic Government. (Table1)

(Table 1 ) Single - industry towns list

№	Zones	Single - industry towns
1	Western Kazakhstan	Aksay
2	Aktobe	Khromtau
3	Atyrau	Kulsary
4	Mangistau	Zhanaozen
5	Kostanay	Zhitikara
6	Kostanay	Arkalyk
7	Kostanay	Rudnyi
8	Kostanay	Lesokovsk
9	Akmola	Stepnogorsk
10	Karagandy	Abay
11	Karagandy	Temirtau
12	Karagandy	Shakhtinsk
13	Karagandy	Saran
14	Karagandy	Karazhal
15	Karagandy	Balkhash
16	Karagandy	Satpayev
17	Karagandy	Zhezkazgan
18	Pavlodar	Aksu
19	Pavlodar	Ekibastuz
20	Eastern Kazakhstan	Ridder
21	Eastern Kazakhstan	Kurchatov
22	Eastern Kazakhstan	Serebryansk
23	Eastern Kazakhstan	Zyryanovsk
24	Southern Kazakhstan	Kentau
25	Zhambyl	Zhanatas
26	Zhambyl	Karatau
27	Almaty	Tekeli

Single - industry towns typology:

1. Cities - industrial centers:

1). The cities dominated by the mining industry - 20 cities:

- coal production - Abay, Saran, Shahtinsk, Ekibastuz;

- oil and gas production - Aksai, Kulsarinsk Zhanaozen;

-metal ore production - Arkalyk, Balkhash, Zyryanovsk, Karazhal, Kentau, Lisakovsk, Ridder, Rudnyi, Tekeli, Khromtau;

-other raw materials - Zhanatas, Tau, Zhitikara .

2). The cities dominated by the processing industry- 6 cities:

- Chemical industry - Serebryansk;

- Engineering , metallurgy (gold), uranium production - Stepnogorsk;

- Iron and steel industry - Aksu, Zhezkazgan, Satpayev, Temirtau.

2. Scientific - Industrial Center (1city) - Kurchatov. [2] .

Therefore, single - industry town which main industrial production part, depending on the production source will be consolidated to the city.

Single - industry town development ways solution is the development of small towns cultural and social center, regional centers which is the power supply and labor settlements.

These are the city future directions, including the clusters creation based on formation of a common information space to improve housing and utilities process, the clusters general policy statement to concentrate on measures for personnel professionalism level increase.

Thus, within the diversification program of the new innovation centers in manufacturing industry in the small cities, especially in opening the agricultural overworking enterprises, advance of small and medium-sized enterprises it is necessary to pay a lot of attention to development and distribution.

Literature list:

1. The program for 2012-2020 for the development of single - industry towns. Minister of Industry and New Technologies. Astana , 2012 .

2. www.strategy2050.kz