Nuraly Zh.U., Shokimova Zh.K.
M. Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University, Kazakhstan

Inter-farm land management while increasing

the efficiency of the use of non-agricultural land use

For further growth and improve the efficiency of land use continues to be an important task of the rational and intensive use of land resources.

Land is the basis for the development of agriculture, industry, transport and all other sectors. Among the material conditions necessary for life and production activities of people, it occupies a special place with its earth soil cover, mineral wealth, forests and waters; this is the first prerequisite and the natural basis of all of the production process. The production of non-agricultural land use occupies a special place to hold one of the types of land - inter-farm land management.

Inter-farm land management is understood as a system of state economic, legal and technical measures on the organization of land use and protection during the formation of new, changing and streamlining the existing land use and ownership.

When inter-farm land management determine the size and outer limits of land use and ownership, are made of the right of land users and land owners to appropriate land, design convenient configuration and composition of land.

Inter-farm land management performs a very important function - the distribution and redistribution of the land fund of the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the growth, development and distribution of productive forces.

Education non-agricultural land uses are one of the main varieties of inter-farm land and have their own characteristics in the content and methods. These characteristics are determined by the procedures of land acquisition and the various categories of the land fund, land ownership and that affects the compilation and validation of inter-farm land management projects.

The formation of new objects land for agricultural purposes is an ongoing process that occurs in connection with the development of non-agricultural sectors of the economy, the redistribution of land and other real property between owners, are quite different transactions.

The only basis for the emergence of the territory of the new non-agricultural land can only serve the project of land management, including the definition of the area, placement, configuration, composition land plot. The formation of non-agricultural land use projects to calculate the size of damages land users and land owners, the loss of agricultural and forestry area removal of topsoil and revegetation of disturbed land, establish the necessary restrictions, encumbrances and easements of land. When placing the objects of non-agricultural land, the following negative consequences: violation of existing land use and the territory of agricultural enterprises; violation of territorial transport and communications; decline in the quality of land adjacent to the parcel of land is located; the negative impact on the environment of the object located on the site. These effects must be maximally prevented or reduced.

Non-agricultural facilities are diverse. These are companies, organizations and institutions of agricultural sphere, land use and located on the ground. These include extractive and manufacturing industries, energy and communications; institutions and organizations of culture, science, health, recreation, defense; environmental protection, forestry, water and many other objects.

They can occupy different in size, location and configuration of the plots, the same or change the placement and size. Objectives of land for non-agricultural purposes are diverse: construction of industrial facilities, roads, and power lines, oil and gas, quarries for mining to private enterprise, to accommodate objects of social sphere and others.

Small areas of the allocations of which do not disturb the existing organization of the territory. The environmental impact is minimal and dependent on the object is placed. Large tracts of the area occupied by large industrial and other enterprises, the allocation of which may affect land tenure several agricultural and other enterprises. This may necessitate the resettlement of residents of settlements that fall within the boundaries of the supplied array, the transfer of buildings, structures, roads, and others. The impact on the surrounding area can be expressed in the pollution of land, bodies of water, the atmosphere, the radiation danger, noise and others. The extended land occupied linear buildings: railways, roads, power and communication lines, pipelines, channels and so on. The area occupied by them is relatively small, but they can seriously compromise the integrity of the existing land tenure and organization of the territory, as are often insurmountable barriers. At the same time large areas of land are flooded, which may require restructuring existing farms, resettlement, cause flooding of surrounding areas, and others.

Thus, non-agricultural land of enterprises, organizations and institutions differ in their area, placement, configuration, effect on the surrounding area and the environment. This effect is often negative and consists, first, of the impact of a hosted (projected) land use in the surrounding area and, secondly, because of the influence of the object itself (industrial enterprises and others.) On the environment that can be expressed in the pollution of land, water reservoirs, air basin, in violation of the land of flooding and so on.

All this must be carefully considered in the design of non-agricultural land use. One of the most important requirements for the formation of non-agricultural land uses objects by means of inter-farm land management is to ensure the protection of the land and the natural environment in the area where the object is placed and non-agricultural land (land use).

Literature:

1. Volkov S. N. Theoretical Foundations of Land Management. — Land Management. Т. 1. - М.: Kolos, 2001.

2. Gendelman M. А. Land use and the organizational and economic unit (peasant) farms. - Astana: 2000.

3. State regulation of land relations / Ed. by Varlamov A.A. and Shamanaeva V.S. - M.: Kolos, 1998.