Productivity

Educational and Research Institute of Economics and Management, NUFT

Alyona Vasyura

The result of any industrial economic and commercial activities depends largely on the competence and creativity of management personnel, deep enough knowledge of a particular economy, the legislative framework and social aspects of management.

At present, productivity is an important economic category that describes not only the degree of labor resources in the enterprise, but also the efficiency of the whole market system as a whole. The fundamental direction of the new market system should be stabilized domestic production and growth of the basis of productivity.

Productivity is an important economic category, which shows the ratio of produced tangible or intangible benefits and the amount spent on this work. That productivity growth means increasing the wealth produced without increasing labor costs. Increase productivity provides increased real product and income, and therefore it is an important indicator of economic growth. Productivity reflects the degree of effectiveness of the work.

Depending on the direct or inverse ratio are two indicators of labor productivity, output and labor input. Output - is the amount of output per unit of time or number of products, which accounts for the average worker or a worker for a year, quarter, month. Complexity - a measure that characterizes expenses per unit of time. There are some methods of measuring productivity: natural, labor cost.

Natural output indicators most accurately reflect the dynamics of productivity, but can be applied only in companies producing similar products.

Employment indicators need to work with well-established technical regulation and accounting work. Mainly they are used in the workplace, stations, shops, producing diverse products.

The most common are cost parameters output. They can be used to determine the level and dynamics of labor productivity in enterprises with a variety of products and services provided.

Factor - is the driving force, a significant reason circumstance that influences a particular process or phenomenon and change the level and dynamic performance. Performance factors, their identification and implementation should be seen in close relation to the natural and socio-economic conditions.

Reserves increased productivity - is unused possibilities of saving labor costs arising from the action of various factors.

The main element of control is personnel. Staff is constant staffing of qualified employees of enterprises, institutions, organizations, characterized by strength and structure, which are considered in statics and dynamics, and professional charm, competence.

The number of employees depends on the nature, scope, complexity, labor intensive production processes, degree of mechanization and automation, computerization.

The nature of the work is divided into working staff and employees. By working include workers who are directly engaged in the creation of wealth or employed in jobs for the provision of production services and movement of cargo.

These workers conventionally divided into main and auxiliary. Their relationship is an important indicator of labor organization in the company, production. Also produce mechanical work and manual labor. There is a classification by occupation, age, forms and systems of remuneration, seniority.

To the management personnel include workers who perform or promote the implementation of specific management functions. They engaged in activities on production management, as well as perform administrative and economic, financial and accounting, procurement, legal.

Labor is the main resource of every company. The quality and efficiency of labor depends on the results of the company and its competitiveness. Labor set in motion the material and material elements of production. The difference between human resources and other forms of enterprise resources that each employee may waive the prescribed conditions and even to demand better working conditions and can retire on their own.

The increase in productivity as one of the most important components of ensuring the competitiveness of real product and income is an important indicator of economic growth as individual entities and as a whole. Rising productivity means continuous improvement of people economic activities of the permanent opportunity to work better, produce more higher quality goods with the same or even lower labor costs.

References

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2. Економіка праці та соціально-трудові відносини / В.Я. Брич, О.П. Дяків, С.А. Надвиничний та ін. / За ред. проф. Є.П. Качана. – Тернопіль: ТДЕУ, 2006. – С. 143-146.

3. Ковальчук І.В. Економіка підприємства: Навч. посіб. – К.: Знання, 2008. – С. 197-210, 469-475.

Scientific supervisor: L. Vlasenko