Экономические науки / 5. Управление трудовыми ресурсами

Phd of Economics, Biliavska Y

Kyiv national university of trade and economics

PLANNING MEASURES FOR IMPROVING MOTIVATION POLICY WITH TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CRISIS SITUATION

Motivation – is one of the most important components in the labor management system. In crisis situation motivation becomes special relevance. Ukraine is facing the real threat of default. Ukrainian companies not only face financial difficulties and lose market position but also lose staff. Keeping key staff – is one of the main tasks of management at the stage of crisis. For achieve this goal is necessary to inform staff and develop an effective motivational policy.

At the current stage of Ukrainian economic stagnation the main resource is staff, which affects the labor productiveness and efficiency. Appropriate use of labor and staff development in each enterprise depends on labor motivation. Motivation is the main element activation of human factor, which creates the material preconditions for manufacture. Thus, among the factors affecting labor productivity is: material interest (29.5%), moral encouragement (6.3%), flexible workday (4.2%) and staff training (11.8%).

Labor has always been a source of material and moral values that’s why encouraging people to work will be always relevant topic. In the first stages of public production people have tried to explain the behavior of workers and to promote increasing of motivation.

Evolution of forming scientific views concerning labor motivation is related to the development of public production, improving the quality of workforce, improving human welfare, needs, culture and religion.

Nowadays scientists distinguish theoretical and practical approaches to labor motivation: compulsion and stimulation minimum wages, carrot and stick approach, substantial, procedural and comprehensive (pic. 1) [5, p. 121].

Picture -1. Classification of approaches to labor motivation

Understanding the nature of motivation system should be based on the concept of the definition of motivation. In the literature, there are a significant number of definitions of motivation, revealing the essence from the various aspects. All definitions of motivation can be divided into two groups. On the one hand, this concept identifies motivational system of one employee or co-workers.

Features of work motivation are: formation and achieving company’s objectives; keeping balance between economic and social responsibility; performance of сcommunication functions between chief and employees; support understanding; creation of economic motivation; structure and dynamic of staff costs; gradual transition from authoritarian up to democratic style of management.

Thus, we can formulate following requirements to the concept of «enterprise’s motivation system of staff»: presence of systemic features and terms, simplicity and completeness of motivation at the enterprise, existence of economic components; improvement of quantitative and qualitative labor results; strong connection between rewards and employees; coordination of all enterprise’s interests; creating conditions for health protection, labor safety, social security; promotion professional development, improving employee skills; providing conditions for learning.

During consideration of labor motivation it’s necessary to focus on the factors that force people to act and enhance its performance. The most important of them are: needs, interests, motivations and incentives. The structure of staff motivation includes: internal and external components (pic. 2).

Picture -2. Structure of labor motivation

Finally, an inspiring leader is keen at pointing out moments of achievement with praise and acknowledgment. As employees sail the organization through rough and tumble waters, the captain needs to continually call out words of encouragement and support while more formally addressing triumphs as the waters calm. As you advance toward your goals take the time to congratulate and praise the good ideas, the late nights, the lunch-less days, and early morning arrivals that keep the organization moving forward.

Similarly, each employee is a necessary cog in the machine, all working to keep the machine functioning efficiently and effectively, and all efforts to advance the organization should be praised regardless of how rudimentary they may seem.