УДК 623.12

Kunelbayev M.M. -master of physics, Auelbekov O.A.- the candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, Kataev N.S.-the candidate of pedagogical sciences, Eralieva Zh.M- master of biology

Kazakh State Women Pedagogical University

Republic of Kazakhstan, Almatymurat7508@rambler.ru

The work out arrival solar radiates in regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan

In date met stations quantity energy, enter in surface carte with one year in look star energy in territory of Kazakhstan from oscillate 4 to 7. In rest of regions a solar energy from 700-800 V+-t/m². This energy much exceeds all requirements, however a use solar energy limitation however circumstance, atie with technical distrust, and no seize freedom territory.

The quantity calculation possibility to use a solar energy to take with definition powers a solar water heat mounting, to concern with square.

This calculation accompany for all regions sentry Republic of Kazakhstan with calculation characteristics situation.

There tore, a calculation power energy solar collectors and know a size territory, to tare in solar mounting and determine heat power energy solar mounting.

The solar energy of the act in the surface in appearance a radiation. Solar radiation the acting in energetic hellion collector, condition straight radiation, to issue on solar disk in appearance parallel ray, to disperse (diffusion), a acting all points sky domed ceiling after to disperse path solar radiation in atmosphere elements and radiation reflect on solar distance object, building and earth is surface.

The sum radiations are called straight and diffusion radiation, the acting energetic Helios collector’s. In meteo stations a leading actinometrical observer, measuring the quick meaning straight radiation, the acting in perpendicular with solar energy. The straight radiation, the acting in horizontal a flat and straight radiation in horizontal surface calculate in corner solar high.

All appearance depends on constant a change climate: straight and disperses – on transparent atmosphere, cloudy, moisture air: reflect – on soil, moisture, snowing cover, vegetation. The calculation the solar heat systems mostly fundamental in long time average characteristics.

In fundamental characteristics to use of long standing average month a day to given (sum) diffusion and sum radiations.

In common quantity energy, the acting in surface Helios collectors, important influence render a reflect radiations.

A value, typical reflect ability surface, define relation reflect radiations with the acting in surface sum radiation, ordinary express present and be called the surface alb Edo. The natural surface possession difference reflects ability. Maximal alb Edo to have a snow, compose at 85-90%.

Actinometrical and climate characteristics, to use in the methodic evaluation to use solar energy in the work to take in referent book for next hydro metrological station, situation in the territory of Republic Kazakhstan.

1. “Kostanai” (Kostanai region)

2. “Astana” (Akmolinsk region)

3. “Dzhonbek” (West-Kazakhstan region)

4. “Kalykovo” (West-Kazakhstan region)

5. “Atyrau” (Atyrau region)

6. “Actau” (Actau region)

7. “Zhezkazgan” (Karaganda region)

8. “Balchash” (Karaganda region)

9. “Semeipalatinsk” (East-Kazakhstan)

10. “Aral sea” (Kyzylorda region)

11. “Barsakelmes” (Kyzylorda region)

12. “Almaty” (Almaty region).

In object definition presence and size territory come in handy place solar system all region centers Kazakhstan to be send accordingly inquiry. The reserve a date in city maintenance exact information: for example in Atyrau city in period 2010 years to have to free territory in size 92,7 hectors, in Arcalyk city – 2010 – 184 hectors.

To state approach orienteering. By move exactly evolution effecting application solar system necessary in detail general plane city in examine a date.

In object the rise a work effective solar water heat mounting particularly serenity condition arrival maximum radiations in grasp surface collectors. This must be provide, mount panel under optimal corner. The understanding optimal corner to use only for this mounting, Helios field collector when mount in a few positions, then optimal corner determine for only seasons.

In the general case maximal arrival radiations must be provide with help only collectors or collectors bloc’s, combination in one flat, systems watching after sun self and movement surface hello wireless perpendicular solar rays. In the tie with state result in principle chaise optimal corner bend over a flat hello collector, a still mount in helios field solar water heat mounting.

In the work [1, 2] to be result methods calculation a arrival radiation in bend covering a flat for every days. However what role situation by us days sum radiation calculations as average before month, in the tie with than enough a company calculation only for average days month, admit for is in numbers day.

Then accompany calculation the arrival radiation in been covering objects everybody like corner arrival for every month years. Here it is necessary a note circumstance, what a choice optimal corner bend over a flat hello collectors depend of objects for which to be use water heat mounting. It she is intending for cover load heat body in summery times of and oriented helios collectors it is necessary so, that summer in here fall maximal quantity energy. If a water heat mounting to make for heating so choice optimal corner bend over panel a realize with registration arrival correlation solar radiations and heat cover object way calculation parameters mounting and helio square field.

In the fact working a stand problem maximal to make a arrival rays solar energy6 there fore corner to be a choose as what receive maximum heat quantity in years.

At facts energy quantity, arrival surface earth with years in appearance solar energy. In Kazakhstan territory oscillate from 4 to 7000 MDzh, in the rest of regions rays intensive composed 700-800Vt/m². Quantity evolution a possible to making solar energy to lake definition power solar water neat mounting, attitude with square, to take mounting that is heat power unit square solar water heat mounting.

This calculations to take for regions centers Kazakhstan’s with registration climate characteristics. Theirs arrange. Here it is necessary, what not all administrative centers Republic climate station, to take observer solar radiation (actinometrical stations).

There fore, the calculations power solar mounting unit square surface hayfields and know size territory, to taking with solar mounting, can be to take heat power solar mounting. In case when size territory not reputation, a number square Helios fields to taking in analogy with date for only populated punks.

Solar radiations essential image depend constant a change climate characteristics stage and drive away – with transparent atmosphere, moist air, snowing covered. There fore calculations Helios heat systems mostly the basic in long urgent average characteristics. The basis this the characteristics to take every years average month days taking (Sum) diffusion and sum radiations.

In the hand book with climate existence information about of days sum radiations, however this information’s to taking for horizontal surface, when as arrival situation a grasp surface in ten big quantity energy. In united quantity energy, to taking in surface collector, important influence render reflect radiations. A size characterizing reflect ability surface, definition relation reflect radiations in to taking in date surface sum radiations ordinary expressing presents and be called surface alb Edo.

However to be of what in actinometrical snowstorms facing date in sum radiations for horizontal surface, as what work, necessary to taking this calculation for arrival surface.

Literature

1.Beckman V., Relive S., Daffy J. Calculation of Systems of a Solar Heat Supply. USA. New York. 1982.

2. Solar Energy as a National Energy Recourse, NSF/NASA Solar Energy Panel Report, 1972, Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, USA, Virginia, 22151, Report No. 221659

3. Справочник по климату СССР. М. 1982.

4. Жамалов А. Гелиоэнергетический потенциал РК и методы её использование. Алматы. 2010.