Филологические науки/7.Язык, речь, речевая коммуникация

Bulatova M.B.

Kostanay State University named after A. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan

Development of the Kazakh language in the Internet

based on the local mass media

Today in Kaznet there are a lot of websites written and created in the Kazakh language. It is approximately 12 % of the total Kazakh websites (including encyclopedia in Kazakh «http://kk.wikipedia.org). Also there is a development of electronic versions of newspapers, seminars, conferences, trainings and competitions are conducted. However, from the Internet Association of Kazakhstan point of view[1] , it is necessary to find new ways to popularize content in the official language , primarily involving state media .

Significant problem in the 90s was the creation of websites in the Kazakh language. Computer systems of that time did not recognize the Kazakh letters. In 1993 Kazakh programmers started to develop first computer programs, but the results were unsatisfactory. The problem could be solved only by the corporation «Microsoft» including a core set of fonts of the Kazakh language into the operating system «Windows».

When the first websites in the Kazakh language created, web designers used simply copy of the text in the Kazakh language as a picture and then inserted it into the page . In this way, the first site was designed by television "Khabar". In 1997, using a Latin transliteration first Kazakh webpage was appeared in Kaznet. It was sci.kz [ 2] .

In 1995, the situation was changed. «Microsoft» Corporation requested the information about the Kazakh font and implemented it in the format of Unicode. Thanks to Unicode kazaag.kz.(News State Agency KazAAG) was created. But ordinary people started to use Kazakh font only in 2000 , with the releasing of new operating systems: Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000 .

Until 2000, programmers had to create new technical inventions. For example, «Nursat» company used the manual character encoding. "Khabar » (khabar.kz) was the first television company which wasn’t depend of fonts installed on our computer in 1999. In June 1999, the first internet site Kazakh foreign media - Kazakh Service BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) appeared. In order to avoid technical problems, bbc.co.uk / kazakh / was originally decorated with the Latin alphabet.

In 2001, the «Microsoft» corporation released «Windows XP ", which is the most popular operating system in Kazakhstan. The problem of Kazakh fonts was totally solved. It was the end of limits creation in the Kazakh language. Nevertheless, the number of sites in the Kazakh language wasn’t high. Thus, in 2006, only 5.6 % of sites had content in the Kazakh language. For comparison, there was a 12% of sites in the English language[ 3].

In 2004, “Apқa aқпaрaт” (http://www.arka.medialow.kz/) appeared in the internet. The context was not only political and economical, but also included well-known facts about the history of Kazakh journalism, work of famous enlightenments (which were not investigated).

It was difficult to gather the audience, because of access to the Internet. The prices were high and the speed was very low. In spite of this, “Apқa aқпaрaт” became a popular resource, and in 2004 got an award - National Internet Award «Award.KZ». This website was sponsored by non-governmental organization, and after the termination of funding “Apқa aқпaрaт” was closed.

Nowadays the promotion of the Kazakh language in the Internet is made by social organizations. For example, "Minber " , the Kazakh Support Center of the journalists, stakes on the multimedia and exclusive content in the Kazakh language .

A shining example of an active vital position in the study of Kazakh was Ruslan Minulin and Svetlana Galieva’s project «Let's speak қazaқsha ! " as part of the Youth Media Union of Kazakhstan ( YMUK ) . Obsession of project is a trilingual and motivation to learn language among journalists. Creators of this project try to develop communication in the Kazakh language in the internet (social networks ) and offline . [4]

The problem of development of the Kazakh language in Kaznet exaggerated for several years, but the state and society have not made efforts yet. Fragmented position does not allow Kazakh resources to reach a new quality level. Perhaps the creation of transliteration programs from Cyrillic into Latin font will change the current situation and will make electronic media more popular in the official language. But the question of possible translation has already caused a mixed reaction among the online community.

List of References

1. Internet Assotsiatsiya Kazakhstana. «Puti razvitiya kazakhskogo yazika v internete» / Nurpeisov A.K/ .- Rezhim dostupa: http://www.iak.kz/ru/news/round-table-iak/ svobodnyi.

2. Ezhemesyachnii zhurnal po koompyuteram I telecommunicatsiyam Kazakhstana Computer Club: «Kak nachinalsya internet v kazakhstanskikh regionakh»/ Kolosov A.V. /- Sentyabr №9 (76) 2003 г.

3 Profit [Electronnii zhurnal]: «Kazakhskii yazik v internete» /28.02.2009.-Rezhim dostupa: http://www.profit.kz/articles/784-Kazahskij-yazik-v-internete/#.UPL9GuQz1nE – svobodnyi.

4. Internets.kz [Electronnii zhurnal]: «V Kazakhstane zapushen proekt "Let's speak қазақша!» 202.06.2011.- Rezhim dostupa: http://i-news.kz/news/2011/06/20/5887282.html - svobodnyi.