Pedagogical science

Modern teaching methods

 

Kozachenko I. V.

SHHE”Pereyaslav State Pedagogical University”

Postgraduate student department of education, Ukraine

Dialogue journals in English

Dialogue journaling is certainly not a new idea. The actual name “dialogue journal” was created in 1979 by Jana Staton, an educational psychologist and Leslee Reed, a sixth-grade teacher, to describe their practice of daily writing back and forth with their students. These were native English speaking students, and they were children. The population in the present study is adults that are English language learners, some of whom are non-formally educated and some of whom are at a low literacy level. However, despite these significant differences, it seems feasible that dialogue journaling can be a beneficial activity for any student and can positively affect the students’ writing accuracy of specific, targeted morphemes. That being looked at, it also stands to reason that the method of response to the journaling could affect the outcomes as well.

Dialogue journals can be thought of as conversations between two or more individuals that are written in nature and kept in a notebook or on a computer. Both

partners write to each other, back and forth, over a period of time [1]. Many times these exchanges are between teacher and student, but are certainly not limited to those individuals. A tutor or a peer may also use this sort of interaction. This communication is used to exchange ideas, thoughts, questions, concerns  or  really any information that creates interest between the two parties.

 As dialogue journals are used in more and more classrooms, educators and linguists have recognized some essential characteristics that specifically identify dialogue journal writing as compared to other kinds of written communications states that first of all, dialogue journals are interactive [3,p. 45].

 Both the teacher and the students (or whomever the parties involved may be) take equal turns writing and responding. Both of the participants would write regularly - for adult students, this could be up to one to three times per week. And, the correspondence will take place throughout the duration of the course. Additionally, Jones notes that topics are usually not assigned – leaving the writers to feel free to discuss whatever they choose [4].  However, sometimes there could be a broad suggested topic or topics, which the participants have room to personalize to fit their individual interests.

 Another characteristic of dialogue journals is that they are generally not corrected or graded. Because the writing is not corrected, it leads to more genuine dialogue and assists the students in feeling more free and unthreatened with their writing.

However, many students prefer to have everything they do corrected – this conflict will be addressed later in this chapter. It is important to actually physically keep the journal in something, like a notebook or saved e-mails, that can be referred back to. This is key because unlike oral conversations, this is more of a learning tool that gives the participants something to look back on and review. There are  six qualities that really set this writing apart from other types of academic writing.  

·                   the writing needs to focus on communication, underneath spelling errors, punctuation mistakes and other surface issues, the important matter is what is being communicated;

·                   the exchanges need to be non-threatening. While some students may feel intimidated speaking out in class, the journal should be a safe place for them to communicate without fear of embarrassment or self-consciousness;

·                    the topics should be of great interest – many times this could be things that a participant might not feel comfortable sharing in front of an entire class;

·                    it is very important to have equality in the interaction. Whereas in the classroom the teacher is the authority figure, in the journal, both parties are equals merely conversing about various topics;

·                   the journals should be functional – that is “demonstrating a variety of communicative purposes”. Things like, responding to questions, requesting information, complaining, evaluating, etc. many times are all included within the various entries over time.

 Dialogue journals help in building community within classrooms and it should have used them in traditional English classroom with native speaking high school students. But, could a dialogue journal improve a student’s writing? Certainly on the surface it incorporated many cognitive learning strategies into an ongoing activity: repeating (perhaps beginning and ending entries the same way), formally practicing the writing system, recognizing and using formulas and patterns (this could bring much more awareness of routine phrases), recombining (definitely a non-threatening outlet for experimenting with longer phrases) and practicing naturalistically (a conversation in written form). Using print to understand incoming or produce outgoing messages, analyzing expressions, translating, transferring, summarizing and highlighting could also all be applied.

Additionally, other research with dialogue journaling was done on very young ESL leaners.

Literature

1.                 Kreeft J. Dialogue writing: Bridge from talk to essay writing. Language Arts. – 2001. P. 141-150.

2.                 Laufer  B. Comparing focus on form and focus on forms in secondlanguage vocabulary learning [Electronic version]. The Canadian Modern Language Review, P. 149-166.

3.                 Lightbown P, Spada, N. How Languages are Learned. Oxford: Oxford University Press. – 2000.

4.                 Kim  J. A community within the classroom: Dialogue journal writing of adult ESL learners. Adult Basic Educatio. – 2005. p. 21-32.