Agriculture/ 2. Farm Mechanization

 

Post graduate Alatoom Mohammad

Lugansk national agricultural university, Ukraine

Mobile feed preparation shop with a continuous-running food mixer

 

It is scientifically proved that it is reasonable to feed small cattle with a food mixture with the following composition [1, 2]:

-       40% - shreddings of rough feed (hay);

-       45% - shaving of feeding root crops;

-         15% – milled grain.

At the present time mobile feed preparation shops with a batch mixer such as ISRV-12 and RSC-12 have been developed and are used. The main disadvantage of these feed preparation shops is a low degree of homogeneity of the feed mixture, caused by the need to mix a large amount of feed ingredients at once. In its turn, this disadvantage can be eliminated by the use of continuous-running mixers. In Lugansk NAU a feed preparation shop with a continuous-running mixer was developed (Picture 1).

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Pic.1. Mobile feed preparation shop for small cattle : à – side view;
á – front view; 1 – frame; 2 – undercarriage; 3 – chopper of rough feed;
4 – elevator; 5 – bunker-feeder of chopped rough feed;
6 - bunker-feeder of chopped succulent feed; 7 – chopper of succulent feed; 8 – a continuous-running food mixer; 9 – a chopper of concentrated feed; 10 - bunker-feeder of chopped concentrated feed.

 

This feed preparation shop allows to chop rough, succulent and concentrated feed, to store milling products in the bunkers up, to dispense milling products and mix them, preparing a food mixture with a high degree of homogeneity.

The originality of the proposed feed preparation shop is as follows:

-                a feed preparation shop allows both simultaneously and independently perform operations of chopping, dosing and mixing. In addition, you can chop rough, succulent and concentrated feed either simultaneously or separately;

-                a design of the feed preparation shop allows you to unload the finished food mixture both in a feed dispenser and in the feed cribs for small cattle;

-                a food mixture is prepared in a continuous-running mixer, which allows mixing dry shreddings of hay and grain chop with a wet shaving of root crop with a high degree of homogeneity;

-                a continuous-running mixer consists of two truncated cones connected by a smaller base. The inner surface of the cones is equipped with a screw winding. The winding is equipped with L-shaped blades 100 mm long, the blades are installed with a distance of 75 mm from each other. This allows rising a part of a layer of a food mixture at a height greater than the angle of repose of its components. This effect prevents the formation of the center of circulation of food mixture’s components and mixing is provided by an alternate change of the layers’ position. The novelty of the design solutions of the mixer is confirmed by the patent of Ukraine ¹ 70668;

-                control of all units of the feed preparation shop is carried out by one operator from the common control unit.

The use of this feed preparation shop allows to mechanize and optimize the process of food preparation on sheep enterprises of farms completely. The feed preparation shop’s productivity is 1000 kg / h. The total capacity of all the electromotors of the food preparation shop is 12,9 kW.

At the alternate work of choppers in the field environment the food preparation shop works effectively from the alternating-current generator with a capacity of 4 kW.

If necessary, the food preparation shop can be additionally equipped with an autonomous system of metered irrigation of the finished food mixture with an aqueous solution of biologically active supplements or medications. While distributing food directly to the feed cribs, the unloading part of the mixer is additionally equipped  with a sensor, registering a distribution of food per second.

 

Literature:

 

1.       Zavrazhnov À.I. Mechanization of feed preparation and storage /
À.I. Zavrazhnov, D.I. Nikolaev. - Ì.: Àgropromizdat, 1990.

2.       Venediktov À.Ì. Feeding farm animals: Reference book.- the 2-nd edition. revised and corrected / À.Ì. Venediktov - Ì.: Vysshaia shkola, 1980. - 336 pages.

3.       A chopper-mixer-dispenser of feed ISRV-12. Bobruisk Agromash. Access mode http://www.agromash.by/catalog/foddermachine/isrv12/.

4.       A chopper-mixer-dispenser of feed RSK-12. "BelMix" Access mode http://belrusagro.ru/kormorazdatchiki/razdatchik-smesitel-kormov-rsk-12-belmiks.html.