N.Gokieli, D.RaminaSvili, Sh.Zarnadze, I. Zarnadze,

                    L.Lomtadze,    D.kitovani,  M.Kajrishvili

     Methods of investigation of social protection and Nutrition

                        Problem   in   IDPs  of  Georgia

                  Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia

Abstract : For Georgia, very little information is available on the nutritional status of IDPs, either because there are no surveys or because the displaced were not addressed separately from the general sample population. Survey was conducted to study nutrition status among internally displaced persons in Georgia.[1,2,3,4]

Goal of investigation: implementation of new study of nutrition status and social protection in IDPs of Georgia

Methods and materials: This was a cross sectional study undertaken among internally displaced people. The data was collected from a household survey and household interview, 450 respondents, 207 male and 243 female, by age group category – up to 30, 30-39 age group, 40-59 age groups, and above 60 age groups.

Results and Discussion: Results show that quite big amount – 67. 4 % of population consumes meat and meat products less than once per week. Biggest group of such people were among pensioners. However, absolute majority of respondents include vegetables in ration. Only 28.6% population consumes fruits three times per week. Only  8.8% can eat fruit once a week. Majority of respondents – 54% eat fruits rarely. The analysis show either insufficient or excessive consumption of diverse products: more than half- 56.9% of respondents receive less than recommended amount of meat, in  IDPs communities there is significant insufficiency of consumption of products such as meat, fish, vegetables or exceeded consumption of pasta, margarine, bread. Unbalanced nutrition ration among internally displaced people is usual nutritional behavior change, low income and lack of health education.  People have not accessibility to meat products. Pensioners are in extremely poor condition. Thus we can conclude that, internally displaced populations nutrition ration is not in compliance with normal standards. The local governments and relief organizations involved in provision of care and support to the IDPs should intensify efforts to improve the nutritional status of the entire IDPs especially for pensioners. A critical aspect of food security is access to adequate and affordable nutritious food. Nutrition and health constitute the core subsistence rights of IDPs, along with shelter and clothing, but IDPs often receive inadequate support from their government or the international community; [5,6,7].Especially in areas of conflict or remote parts of the country many suffer from malnutrition. Surveys indicate extremely high malnutrition rates among IDPs.  Efforts to preempt micronutrient deficiencies in refugee and IDP settings have been ongoing. [4,5].Initiatives have included the distribution of a micronutrient fortified blended food in the general ration where populations are totally dependent on a food aid basket which lacks fresh fruit or vegetables, along with the widespread distribution of vitamin A and fortifying edible oil. Despite these efforts, however, cases of micronutrient malnutrition are still seen.
Given the disintegration of the health care systems and poor water and sanitation, there is a strong need for emergency life-saving interventions. Although formally in place, health services are deprived of any means to assist the population.

The living conditions and economic situation of many internally displaced persons are disadvantageous. The unemployment rate among internally displaced persons is high. For many, their existence depends upon state allowances and international humanitarian assistance. Difficult social conditions are accompanied by poor health status and limited access to quality social services – education and healthcare.

Conclusions: Results show that in IDP communities there is significant insufficiency of consumption of products such as meat, fish, vegetables or exceeded consumption of pasta, margarine, bread. Unbalanced nutrition ration among internally displaced people is usual nutritional behavior change, low income and lack of health education. People have not accessibility to meat products. Pensioners are in extremely poor condition.

Thus we can conclude that, internally displaced populations nutrition ration is not in compliance with normal standards. The local governments and relief organizations involved in provision of care and support to the IDPs should intensify efforts to improve the nutritional status of the entire IDPs especially for pensioners.

References

 1.The Rapid Assessment of Health Problems in Refugee and Displaced Populations Michael J. Toole, M.D.

2.     CDC. Famine-affected, refugee, and displaced populations: recommendations for public health issues. MMWR 1992;41 (No.RR-13).

3.Moore PS, Marfin AA, Quenemoen LE, et al. Mortality rates in displaced and resident populations of central Somalia during 1992 famine disaster. Lancet. 1993;41:913-917

4. CDC. Nutrition and mortality assessment -- southern Sudan, March 1993. MMWR. 1993;42:304-308.

5. CDC. Outbreak of pellagra among Mozambican refugees -- Malawi, 1990. MMWR. 1991;40:209-213.

6.Toole MJ. Micronutrient deficiencies in refugees. Lancet. 1992;339:1214-1215.

7.DECREE # 47 OF THE GOVERNMENT OF GEORGIA On Approving of the State Strategy for  Internally Displaced Persons – Persecuted Tbilisi 2 February 2007