IMPACT FRACTURE AND OF TILLAGE ON EFFICIENCY OF BARLEY

Baimbaev BJ

Kostanai State University im.A.Baytursynova, Kostanai

One of the most important reserves for the production of feed for livestock is to increase the productivity of forage land, 4 located on soils with low by fertility 4, in particular solonetsous. It is known that alkaline soils occupy up to 18% of arable land crops, and they are located mainly in zovolzhe, Zauralie, Western Siberia, as well as in Kazakhstan, the Republic of Kazakhstan in such soil, over 70 million hectares [1].

Fertility of these soils requires further in-depth study of the conditions of formation and development solonetses improving techniques and methods of reclamation.

Therefore, at present, work is underway to improve the technical means of mechanization for reclamation of soil processing.

The main focus of this work is aimed at the creation of soil-processing machines with active, passive and combined operating units providing intensive grinding of the soil, due to the necessity of thorough mixing solonets horizon with carbonate to enhance the reclamation process.

The use of there machines in reclamation technology creates the necessary conditions for directional process, improves soil fertility restoration eliminates unfavorable characteristics and guarantees the growth of agricultural productivity agricultural crops [2,3].

One of the important indicators determining the efficiency and quality of reclamation processing power is crumbling soil, requirements for which are determined by the active flow reclamation process.

In our research in terms of LLP ``Kostanaiskiy Agricultural Research Institute``, ameliorate soil theatment littlenatrium solontsevatyh drawn tillage provided good the crumbling of the arable layer. However, the use of chisel PGH 2,9 in periods when the soil is excessively parched (humidity of about 11% and hardness 5….6 MPa) caused the formation of the bottom layer of blocks larger than 100 mm (5.8 … 10.9%) and decreased crumbling solonetzic layer to 66.6%. The best crumbling soil, both in the lower and the upper layer of the plow horizon was observed in areas where guns used with active working bodies, the value of this index ranged from 78.1 …85.5% (Table 1).

Using a milling machine for surface theatment, it shows an advantage in shows an advantage in the intensity of the multipressure soil crumbling disking within 3.8 … 8.2%. However, increasing the intensity of crumbling create more spray overpressure 0 … 5 cm soil layer. Contents erosion dangerous particles less than 1 mm after milling nadsolontsovogo layer corresponded to 19.3 … 21.2%, higher options treated disc harrow by 3.3 … 4.0%, but well below the allowable threshold wind resistance. Reducing the sputtering of the surface layer due to the positive torque in the design and use of a combined machine of bar-type roller bearing, which is less than grinds and crushes soil aggregates.

On the background of reclamation theatments mentioned advantage of options with milling cutting up the surface layer with respect to multiple disking.

Efficacy millind of the surface layer more clearly seen in Table 2. The data presented in it, we can say that a comparison of multiple options and harrowing single milling against various reclamation theatments shows the trend in yield advantages milling operation over traditional surface layer-disking.

For example, observations on the background of the harvest subsoiling show a slight increase. With increasing intensity of exposure to major reclamation theatments on soil tendency to increase yields in favor of milling.

Total difference on plantage background was 1.1 kg/ha, and on ploskorezno-processing rotary-1.4 kg/ha, resulting in the crop growth were mathematically provable.

The average data of three bookmarks experience gain from the use of barley harvest milling on the surface treatment was 0-9 t/ha.

Creating a predetermined degree of chopping and minimal scattering of machining can be improved physical, mechanical and physical properties of water- marginal solonetzic complexes and there by achieve its optimum parameters corresponding agri-physical model of soil fertility.

And so, considering the effect of treatments on the technigues barley yields in general, you can emphasize the efficiency-and rotary – ploskorno plantage treatments, and surface treatment of the soil; receiving milling tool CFA-3,6.

Summary

The results of processing different solonetsous unproductive soil tillage. The high efficiency and plantage ploskorezno-rotor treatments, as well as their influence on the degree of crumbling soil and barley yields.

References

1. Azarenka Yu.A.Soderzhanie trace eiements in vegetation on soils solonetzic complexes Omsk region // New technologies in agriculture [ Text ] – Sb.nauch.tr.Smferopol, South Branch of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 2011

2. Derepaskin AI Polishchuk JV, JV Binyukov Modern tools for processing solonec and unproductive soil [ Text ] : Journal / Zemledelie. M : 2011.№1.P.26-27

3. Makarets IK Degree of crumbling soil during processing [Text ] : Journal / Zemledelie.M:1982.№2.P.23-24

Table 1- Extent of crumbling the soil and spraying iee depending

ameliorative treatments (average of two tabs)

Dining surface treatments	Layer of soil cm	Deep tillage		Ploskorezno-rotorno processing			Plantage plowing^x
		Crumbling,%	Spraying in the layer 0…5 cm,%	Crumbling,%	Spraying in the layer 0…5 cm,%		Crumbling,%	Spraying in the layer 0…5 cm,%
1.disking in 4 passes instrument BDT- 7.0	0…20 20…40 0…40	74,3 72,6 73,6	16,0	72,9 84,1 78,5		13,8	77,0 74,6 75,8		8,2
2.single milling tool CFA-3,6		78,1 73,9 76,0	19,3	81,1 85,5 83,3		21,2	81,3 77,3 79,3		7,6

x- disking in two passes instrument BDT-7,0

Table 2- Productivity of barley depending on the number of the conducted superficial treatments

(average of three tabs)

Variants of experience	Productivity of barley, c/ga																	General middle
	Deep tillage					Ploskorezno-rotorno processing							Plantage plowing^x
	№ of the sown culture after steam
	1	2	3	4	middle		1	2	3	4	middle	1		2	3	4	middle
1.disking in 4 passes instrument BDT-7.0	5,8	11,8	7,7	14,3	9,9		7,3	13,7	8,7	17,5	11,8	6,6		14,5	9,2	18,9	12,3	11,3
2.single milling tool CFA-3,6	5,4	12,1	7,7	15,0	10,0		8,1	15,5	9,5	18,0	13,2	8,0		16,4	9,8	19,5	13,4	12,2

x- there is disking double of this background