Economic sciences / 15. State regulation of economy

 

Matvienko A.I.

Polotsk State University, Republic of Belarus

Prospects of development of the economy of sport as an independent scientific discipline

 

The Economics of sport – a relatively young science, which has formed as an independent scientific discipline only in the second half of the twentieth century. This period of formation was necessary to scientists for understanding the Economics of sport science, allocation of specific categorical apparatus, classification sports-economic phenomena and events, development of concepts, definitions, theories and hypothesis.

Most of the research on the stage of development of this science, most of the research was devoted to professional sports leagues. Despite the fact that in every sport has its own specifics, most professional leagues follow a pattern League baseball, the organizational structure, which was first described in article Rottenberg [7]. Were also carried out a study by the National League of American football [6], the Professional Golf Association [2], cricket [8], English football [1, 9, 11], the National hockey League [4], the Scottish [10] and the Australian football League [3]. Literature on Amateur sports is less extensive but includes some interesting research on sport University colleges in USA [5].

Study Koch [5], devoted to the sport in American colleges, an almost classic example of the problems facing the cartel (the National Association of sports colleges), having a large number and diverse group of members of limited resources for the realization of its Statute, facing foreign competition by organizations such as the Amateur athletic Union and the United States Olympic Committee. He argues that an economic theory cartel provides the basis for prediction and explanation of conduct as professional sports teams and Amateur sports organizations.

Currently the Economics of sport has evolved into a comprehensive science, with many areas and auxiliary disciplines. Economy of sports as a science studying the economic relations in sports and the sports industry at two levels:

– first, at the national and international (macro-level);

– secondly, at the level of individual physical and sports organizations, clubs, federations and other associations with various forms of ownership and sources of financing (micro-level) [12].

Thus, the macroeconomics of sport operates aggregated aggregates, shows the tendencies of development of physical culture and sports, develop measures for the state regulation of economic relations in the sphere of sports.

Microeconomics sports analysis concentrates on the economic behavior of individual actors in the area of physical education and sports, explores the functioning of the separate structural units [12].

The extremely high value of sport in innovative economic processes. To new technologies, experimental development and other attributes of scientific and technical progress have been introduced into the economic practice, are necessary for their extensive tests. Such diverse testing new ideas, materials, technologies, engines, motor oils, tires and other products makes sport of higher achievements. It is in sports competitions, in extreme conditions, identifying the best quality new developments, their convenience, efficiency and other operational characteristics.

In our country the Economics of sport as a science in the complex with its infrastructure and research resource is just being formed. However, in the absence of capacity and funds, this process could be delayed indefinitely. Therefore, for the formation of the economy of sport as a branch of scientific knowledge is necessary:

– research staff working in the field of creation of new knowledge in the economy of sport;

– system of research funding;

– formation of scientific schools and various areas in the economy of sport;

– system for the exchange and dissemination of professional knowledge on the Economics of sport and related disciplines.

Unfortunately, the Belarusian economy sport is still in its infancy and is not financed by the state and business.

 

The list of used sources:

1. Bird, Ğ. The demand for league football / P. Bird. – Applied Economics, 1982. – ¹ 14. – P. 637-649.

2. Cottle, P. Economics of the PGA Tour / P. Cottle. – Social Science Quarterly, 1981. – ¹ 62 (4). – P. 721-734.

3. Dabschek, B. The wage determination process for sportsmen / B. Dabschek. – Economic Record, 1975. – ¹ 51. – P. 52-64.

4. Jones, J. The economics of the National Hockey League / J. Jones. – Canadian Journal of Economics, 1969. – ¹ 2. – P. 1-20.

5. Koch, J. A troubled cartel: the NCAA / J. Koch. – Law and Contemporary Problems, 1973. – ¹ 38 (1). – P. 135-150.

6. Neale, W. The peculiar economics of professional sports / W. Neale. – Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1964. – ¹ 78 (1). – P. 1-14.

7. Rottenberg, S. The baseball players' labor market / S. Rottenberg. – Journal of Political Economy, 1956. – ¹ 64. – P. 242-258.

8. Schofield, J. The development of first class cricket in England: an economic analysis / J. Schofield. – Journal of Industrial Economics, 1982. – ¹ 30 (4). – P. 337-360.

9. Sloane, P. The economics of professional football club as utility maximize / P. Sloane. – Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 1971. – ¹ 18. – P. 121-145.

10. Vamplew, W. The economics of a sports industry: Scottish gate money football, 1890-1914 / W. Vamplew. – Economic History Review, 1982. – ¹ 48 (3). – P. 549-567.

11. Wiseman, N.C. The economics of football / N.C. Wiseman. – Lloyds Bank Review, 1977. – P. 29-43.

12. Specifics of the economy of sport science // Vadim-Galkin.ru. [The electronic resource]. – 2014. – Access mode: http://vadim-galkin.ru/sport-2/konspekty-lekcij/osobennosti-ekonomiki-sporta-kak-nauki/. – Date of access: 24.01.2014.