Экономические
науки/6 Маркетинг, менеджмент
Akishev Y.,
Kadyrov Y.
Kazakh British
technical University
Organization
of the strategic planning
Law of development of modern reality was accelerated build pace of
institutional reforms , combined with the processes of globalization ,
integration of Kazakhstan into the world economy space. The economic situation
in these conditions is characterized by elevated levels of uncertainty and a
high probability of production and economic losses. To solve these problems is
aimed Strategy "Kazakhstan -2030 . Prosperity, security and the welfare of
all Kazakhs ", defining long-term priorities to achieve real, sustainable
and increasing economic growth, based on an open market economy with high
levels of foreign investment and domestic savings . [1] For the successful
operation of the business requires a high level of its production and business
activities , provided by the control system. One of the scientific approaches
improve management is the concept of sustainable development organization.
Object on which management measures directed , is an enterprise or
organization . Based on the fact that the application of the concept of "
organization" in modern science and practice is very diverse , there is a
need for its interpretation and generalization.
Kazakhstan to develop a strategy for sustainable development , its
practical implementation is extremely important task , since it must identify
mechanisms to maintain high growth sectors of the national economy in terms of
reducing the stock of natural resources. The speeches of the President of the
Republic of Kazakhstan NA Nazarbayev on the strategy formation and development
of the country revealed the strategic directions of economic growth and social
development of the country's economy . Concrete steps to implement the
country's development prospects are indicated in the "Strategy of
Development of Kazakhstan till 2030" , where the main objective a rising
standard of living of the population on the basis of socio-political stability
, sustainable socio- economic development, improve the balance of the economy ,
enhancing the movement of capital and strengthening economic security , reduce
systemic risks in international cooperation. To achieve this, set priorities ,
which include the establishment of mechanisms of state regulation of the
economy, including an adequate response to changes in the socio -economic processes
and external factors.
Practical implementation of sustainable development does not have a
well-defined algorithm, and proposes a wide range of different options, the
choice of which is carried out through an open political process. Universally
applied absolute standards do not exist , on the contrary , the realization of
sustainable development are as diverse as the culture of different peoples,
natural and economic conditions of a country . Consequently , the criteria can
be defined only as landmarks implementation of policies and strategies for
sustainable development.
Nevertheless, in the world as the most effective mechanisms to integrate
sustainable development principles into the national economy using the
following .
1. Development and implementation of sustainable development indicators
used in the formulation of policies , setting priorities and monitoring their
achievement.
2 . Strategy , under which ensures integration of the three components
of social development : economic, environmental and social . To ensure the
integration of such a strategy should include objectives for all named
components and mechanisms of their relationship . These objectives are defined
for each dimension , representing the interests of different groups , which are
often in conflict with each other, and the objective of the strategy - combine
these interests for joint decisions on the way forward for the country's
sustainable development.
3 . Special institutional framework for the practical implementation of
the tasks defined strategies for sustainable development , in the form of
national councils or commissions. Such structures exist in more than 80
countries and are usually on an intersectoral basis with the participation of
business representatives , academics, non-governmental organizations . Their
composition , competence and objectives should be consistent with national
traditions, the existing administrative divisions and structures.
An important feature of the relationship is about the management of
their systematic character . The essence of planning is that people consciously
define the objectives of their actions and their actions shape the resource ,
taking into account the direct and indirect effects external to it environment.
Experience in the development of collective interaction of individuals
indicates that the planned character peculiar to each act of labor , develops
along with the development of the society , deepening the division of labor and
cooperation / Since planning is a control and management system occupies a
central position , it is necessary to refer to the objective needs of the
basics in planning . Planning - this property is inherent in each single
individual and society . It is specifically due to the character and is
determined by the critical fact that the production of goods and services , the
implementation of other types of his life people have to communicate , work
together , share the products of their activity. Work has been and will always
be difficult public . In order to successfully confront the forces of nature ,
people from the outset of its existence had to work together , to unite in
groups .
However, in recent years, the effectiveness of in-house strategic
planning in the United States has become increasingly questioned as
industrialists and theorists. Before considering the situation and the reasons
which caused it , should , in our view , about the problems that arise during
the establishment and development of the corporation strategic planning system
. Their consideration explains a lot in the development of strategic planning
for U.S. companies in 1970-1980 -ies .
Analysis of failures strategic planning systems shows that they are
based on two main reasons . First, was unrealistic initial theoretical premise
of effective strategic planning - the ability to achieve the strategic
objectives selected by the hard , direct transfer analytically prepared
forecasts of key environmental factors into specific long-term economic
strategies and related investment decisions. Secondly, the introduction of
strategic planning in most corporations occurred , usually without significant
changes of traditional forms and methods of management , that is the planning
system as it " clings " to obsolete forms of management /
In our view, the main (but not only ) cause low efficiency of strategic
planning was psychological and professional managers unprepared firms to
implement a fundamentally new features planned . When analyzing the experiences
of strategic planning systems in corporate America it seems that for many years
manager of the little idea how management tool they use. Affected inertia
ekstrapolyativnogo planning emasculated essence of strategic planning and
brings him down to the level of manipulating figures and minor changes in the
strategy adopted in previous planning cycles . And like any administrative
mechanism for regulating the social systems , strategic planning takes place in
its development corporation in a number of successive stages , each of which is
specific in terms of objectives , methods of work and organizational behavior
of persons and entities involved in the planning process. This means that the
system of strategic planning , as well as any product or organization as a
whole , has a life cycle , for each step that requires special management
mechanism, the appropriate organizational context .
However , the nature of economic relations in society determines the
nature and control and thus planning.
Operation of enterprises in the market economy characterized by a high
degree of uncertainty. "... The higher the level of uncertainty posed by
instability , the greater the role of planning in the course of which must be
justified by different variants of management, is adequate to meet the forecast
scenarios of development " [2, p.53 ] .
Planning - a tool for coping with uncertainty . Where there is a plan ,
the uncertainty is reduced.
Literature review
1. N.A.
Nazarbayev New Kazakhstan in the new world. Strategy "Kazakhstan -
2030" in the new stage of development of Kazakhstan: Presidential Address
to the people of Kazakhstan from February 28, 2007. - Almaty, 2007. - 70.
2. Lyubanova
TP, Myasoedova LV Oleinikova YA Strategic planning at the enterprise. - M.:
Publishing house PRIOR 2001. - 314 ..