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Stambulov S. B.
Kazakh University
international relations and world languages named after Ablay khan, Kazakhstan
D.p.s. Zhabina Zh. R.
Kazakh University
international relations and world languages named after Ablay khan, Almaty,
Kazakhstan
Ñooperation between the SCO and international intergovernmental organizations
The
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s activity in the Central Asian region
intersects with the great number of international structure’s activities in
their main areas. The openness of the union in the direction of cooperation
development with other international structures was officially proclaimed in
the SCO Charter.
Organisation
as a big intergovernmental structure focuses on a partnership with international leading actors in
the region. Let’s consider the main SCO key contractors that Secretariat enters
into constructive cooperation with, based on recommendations of the leading union authorities.
One of
the SCO key partners in the region is the UN. In the official statements from
the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation member states there is a special role of
the UN in maintenance of international security.
The SCO
have had an observer status in the General Assembly since the 2004 and work
closely with the United Nations economic and social comission for Asia and the
Pacific Ocean. Among other sings informational contacs with the UN Secretariat
are maintained, constant communication with UN agencies represented in Beijing
is implemented.
During
the SCO existence a number of meetings was held. All of them set the vector for
the further cooperation for two international organisations. In 2007, United Nations Under-Secretary-General,
L.Pascoe took part in the senior management level SCO Summit, in Bishkek. The
SCO Secretary-General’s reciprocal visit was paid at the opening ceremony of
the UN Regional Centre on preventive diplomacy in Central Asia in the december
of the same year.
In august of 2008, the UN Secretary-General’s
representative- M.Encha took part in the SCO summit in Dushanbe. The Memorandum
of understanding between the SCO and ESCAP was signed later, what confirmed
further mutually beneficial cooperation, conduction of consultations with a
view to developing bilateral relations.
At the UN regular session ”The UN and the SCO cooperation” item was
included on the agenda for 2009. The draft resolution of the General Assmbly
was submitted at the end of the same year. Adopted resolution suggest
Secretary-General to hold regular meetings with the SCO secretary. In this way the
hole UN structure can cooperate with the SCO, to cooperate for mutual benefits,
for programs implementation, consultancy with UN Secretary-General. [1]
The SCO and ESCAP with the participation of the Asian Development Bank
make a project, an agreement between heads of Governments the SCO member-states
about the development of comfortable conditions for internatioal road
transportation.
Also the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation interacts with The Eurasian Economic
Community (EAEC or EurAsEC). Members of the EAEC are the
countries participate in the SCO as
well.( Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Russia Tajikistan Uzbekistan (suspended). ) EAEC was
established for effective promotion of the creation by the Customs Union member states
of a Single Economic Space and for
coordinating their approaches while integrating into the world economy and
the international
trade system. In 2008 to ensure the functioning of the common market it
was agreed between the organisations to coordinate efforts on cooperation in
the fight against drug trafficking, as well as interaction on the project of accelerated
container transport under the "Development of transit potential" program.
In 2009 Memorandum of understanding was adopted, which
implies the
intention of both parties to exchange information and hold consultations in
such areas as: economic interaction in trade, energy, environment protection,
transport, Eurasian transport corridors development, information and
communications, to ensure favourable conditions for , goods movement,
services, capital and labor, investment promotion and protection and tourism.
Negotiations about fuel-energy cooperation are in progress now.[2]
The SCO
is in contact with The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).
Nowdays ASEAN is one of the most influental regional organisation in Asia that
has 500 millionth population and covers the territory more than thre 4,5 square
kilometres.[3]
Ares of cooperation between the
SCO and ASEAN are: the fight against terrorism, drug trafficking and weapons,
money laundering and illegal migration. Parties agreed to cooperate in such
areas: economic and financial cooperation, tourism, environmental protection
and use of natural resources, energy. A final
result of the two structures’ foreign policy was the signing of the memorandum of understanding between SCO and ASEAN in April, 2005, Jakarta. The
work based on memorandum is still ongoing. In 2008 the meeting between the SCO
Secretary-General and the ASEAN Unnder-Secretary-General took place. Also the meeting
afforded an opportunity for an exchange of views on providing a regualar
interaction between two organisations in such areas as: economic and trade,
transport and communications, energy, environmental protection and sustainable
development, information technologies and their use.
Another
structure that operates in the Central Asian Region which is of some interest
for SCO is The Collective Security
Treaty Organization (CSTO).
The
main CSTO purpose is the protection of cultural, economic and territorial
post-Soviet space (CIS). To protect from any external politico-military
agressors, international terrorists and also large-scale natural disasters by
cooperative military methods, Ministry support units and Member-State agencies.
The highest level
of formal institutionalization, infrastructure and communication network for
maintaining a security in the region belongs to the CSTO.[4] In 2008 the CSTO
Secretary-General, N.N. Bordiuzha said that SCO and CSTO complement each other although they represent different
level structures. On the security landscape CSTO achieved impressive progress (
for example: reduced the supply of arms and military hardware, however, SCO - a
great source of political influence, largely thanks to the participation of
China. Through the CSTO the multidisciplinary dialogue is supported, issues of
regional and international security and stability, counter-terrorism, illicit
drug trafficking , suppression of illicit weapon
traffic, fighting against transnational organized crime are discussed.
ÑSTO experience in confrontation with illicit drug
trafficking is of a great interest to SCO. The SCO Secretary-General took part
in the CSTO System Chief Executives Board of anti-drug agencies of the CSTO
Member-States in 2009, Astana. The SCO regional anti-terrorist structure pursue
their policy to their major intergovernmental organization in the region. There
are regular meetings with competent RATS heads and CSTO representatives, Coordination
Service Council of Commanders-in-Chief of Frontier Troops, Regional
representative of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime in Central Asia. The contact
with the Security Council Committee on sanctions against “al Qaeda” and
“Taliban” (1267 Committee).
As a
result of such meetings a number of strategic-importance documents was signed:
Memorandum of understanding between the SCO Secretariat and the CIS Executive
Committee; the Protocol of intension between RATS, CSO and Council of Commanders-in-Chief of Frontier Troops. RATS
plans on doing an annual complex of activities and consultations being held
with the help of UN and CSTO units. There are contacts with EC and OSCE on the
Afghan and Central Asian subject. As an open regional international
organization, SCO maintain regular contacts with representatives and executive
bodies of the leading international entities at the corporate level. Mutual
invitations for special events held by these structures are made, there is an exchange
of experience and the search for new models of collaboration.
Thus,
the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation has consolidated in the Central-Asian
region as an intergovernmental regional multiprofile character structure. During
its development and institutionalization the SCO created new conditions and
opportunities for widening the spheres of its activities. For today there are
three main areas: security, economic, cultural and humanitarian cooperation.
Being in the Central Asian region, the organisation is an open for the contacts
alliance and is in operational cooperation
with leading intergovernmental organisations. Promotions of relations with
intergovernmental organisations is not less important question in the
elaboration of the future models development.
SCO should build up
the geopolitical strategy on the cooperation vector, about possible options it
was said above. Nevertheless it’s possible to imagine a form of interaction with
such external contractors as: CSTO, EurAsEC, NATO. The model could imply the
rejection from the general policy statements and solved real practical problems
as they occured. ( drug- traffiking for example). Each of the structures has a
unique experience and mechanisms of action in different situations.
Thus,
it’s possible to bring the strategies together and develop a common mechanism
aimed at solving or preventing a particular problem. Of course there are some
disadvantages in this approach. Organizations- are quite independent entities,
each of them has its own purposes in its region. In a such case it’s really
difficult to setting issues. The right way can be found by dividing functions
and responsibilities to coordinate the positions. For example during the plan
compilation, it’s necessary to find the scope activities that can be duplicated.
As a result, we obtain a kind of mechanism of cooperation, when SCO and its
partners (CSTO and EurAsEC) create some common formula of interaction. They
fill the formula with the specific content as problems are needed to be solved.
The SCO as quite young organization of the new format have to respond
adequately at the situation in the region and position of its neighbouring
contractors. It’s necessary to create and develop the cooperation mechanism
with Central Asian Region for ensuring sustainable territorial development.
Literature:
1. UN General Assembly have supported an offer to deepen the relationship
with the SCO //http://www.un.org/russian/news/fullstorynews.asp?newsID=12851
2. Zakharov V. The SCO Under-Secretary-General’ speech. The SCO Forum, 3rd
Meeting. // http://www.sectsco.org/RU/show.asp?id=122
3. ASEAN and SCO: opportunities and perspective of cooperation / /
RIANOVOSTI. Analysis and comments //
http://www.rian.ru/analytics/20080115/96826048.html
4. Amusing war for the formal alliance// Information Analysis
Portal-Republic// http://www.respublika-kaz.info/wap/politics/5816/