Педагогические науки/ 3.Методические основы
воспитательного процесса
Ким В.А. (Казахстан), Садуахасова М.Б. (Казахстан), Ким А.В.
(Россия),
ТИГУ, ТарГУ
Designing the process of spiritual - moral development of the students’ personality in a multinational society
Резюме
Статья посвящена
актуальной проблеме теории и практики духовно-нравственного воспитания учащихся
в многонациональном коллективе. Статья адресована к главному руководителю. Она позволит практическим работникам
креативно осмыслить проблему изучения личности учащихся.
Summary
The article is devoted to the actual problem of the theory and practice
of spiritual and moral education of students in a multicultural environment.
The article is addressed to the chief executive. It will enable practitioners
to understand the problem of studying the creative personality of students.
Түйіндеме
Мақала көпұлтты ортадағы білімгерлерге
рухани-адамгершілік білім беру теориясы мен практикасының өзекті
мәселелерін қарастыруға арналған . Мақала бас
жетекшілерге жолданған. Ол тәжірибелік жұмыскерлерге
тұлғаларды зерттеу мәселелерін креативті
ұғынуға мүмкіндік береді.
Fundamentals
of scientific methodology of
spiritual-moral education were developed by the "Strategy "
Kazakhstan 2050 " , " Plan of the nation - 100 steps of the modern
state for all , in the" Education
Act in the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan " (1999 ). Eminent scientists philosophers,
psychologists and teachers of different ages are widely consider the fundamental
issues of spiritual and moral education of young people based on the ideas of
universal spiritual and moral values and best practices of
teachers , children and youth organizations in the works. In the context of a multi-ethnic society
the value of spiritual and moral education of youth and its involvement in
public political life of the country amplifies. President of Kazakhstan in his
message to the nation of Kazakhstan "Kazakhstan's way -2150: shared
objectives, national interests, national future" emphasizing
"especially appealing to young people. The strategy - for you. You will
participate in its implementation and you will reap the fruits of its success.
Include in the work, each in his place. Do not be indifferent. Create fate of
the country, along with all people !"
In
the context of a multi-ethnic society the value of spiritual and moral
education of youth and its involvement in public political life of the
multi-ethnic country amplifies. The project of 100 concrete steps in the 12th
step it is pointed to the necessity " to develop a new code of ethics in
state service, the introduction of the post of authorized representatives
regarding the Ethics."School, children and youth organizations actively
include the young generation in social and political life. The multi-ethnic and ethnic spiritual and
moral character is studied in comparison with other aspects of the personality
(health, physical, and aesthetic development) and is formed in conjunction with
them. It’s important to educators not to lose sights of spiritual and moral
orientation of the personality in each ethnic group. However, it does not
exclude the different developing levels of various parts, the contradictory
aspirations and struggle of motives. This refers to the possibility of
practical study of spiritual and moral foundations of personality in
multiethnic life.
Designing method of spiritual and moral development of
the individual pupil in the conditions of life in the multinational team
consists of several stages.
The
first stage – the development of pedagogical purpose. It - preliminary, initial
period of the organization focused research work. It involves several steps.
1.
Setting pedagogical diagnosis: study and analysis of the facts that reveal the
moral character of the pupil; formulation of his characteristics, positively or
negatively influencing on the forming of personality’s collectivist orientation
in various kinds of multi-ethnic micro-environment (school, class, family,
informal multi-ethnic field communication).
2. Set of specific educational tasks for a certain period: the totality of missing qualities, which
outlines the class teacher to form the behavior level, the real
conditions of the educational environment, changing possibilities due to the student's
ideal man in a multiethnic
group.
3.
Ways and means by which the teacher plans to realize pedagogical reformation: a
leading line of the class teacher’s conduct; possible changes of public
opinion. It is also important to define the roles of people who are ready to
make a positive impact on this pupil; planning new activities in which the
pupil should be included to enrich the spiritual and moral experience;
restructuring capability of teenage boys’ position.
The
second stage - the
direct management of the spiritual and moral development of the individual. This is a clear
realization of all planned points of the project. Educators
have to guide the behavior of creative thinking,
active person acting in accordance with his needs and attitudes, which
cannot be ignored much less suppressed.
It
is difficult to foresee all the life circumstances, where the important role is
played by elements of spontaneity and chance. This requires the teacher to have
great flexibility, a variety of tactics to change situations in the sphere of
multiethnic life. Herewith we cannot forget about the impending contradictions
in the process of spiritual and moral formation of the pupil individuality.
The third stage – scoring.
The
feasibility of the
practical work is provided by periodic
signification of changes in the level
of spiritual and moral education of
teenagers and young men, on the
basis of which new tasks put forward, appropriate means are found. Design of spiritual and moral development of
each individual in a multinational environment is a very labor-intensive work.
Practical workers raise the question: How can they simplify its practical
implementation? A
differentiated approach to the typical group uniting students
with common essential spiritual and moral characteristics, which does not exclude individual ethnic differences, can help the educator of multinational group. First of all, it is important to distinguish students with a multi-ethnic
spiritual and moral orientation and ethnic insularity, and then within each of these areas to take into account the stability of the prevailing intentions, various shades of thinning.
The
most dangerous moment in the formation of spiritual and moral personality is
the fear of this complexity and diversity. This fear can appear in two forms:
the first is to try to shave off all in one moment, squeeze the person within
the scope of the standard template sphere of a multiethnic life and
inter-ethnic communication, and bring up a narrow series of human types,
without taking into account ethnic characteristics. The second form of a fear -
a sure attempt to cope with millions of pupils using disparate fuss with each
ethnic group separately, the hypertrophy of ethno-individual approach. Correct organization of spiritual and moral education is inconceivable
without a systematic study of ethno-psychological
characteristics of students, their
interests and needs, their positive qualities and weaknesses. This approach particularly frees the teacher
from the fault to look at the young boy still as
a teenager and keep him as a teenager, as
an individual civil immaturity,
to excuse his unconsciousness.
Fundamentally
it is wrong to ignore the contradictions in the process of spiritual and moral
development of the pupil, which constantly arise and are resolved in a
multi-ethnic life, particularly contradiction between aspiration and reality.
Depending on how widely this controversy impacts on mood, thinking and behavior
of people in the sphere of international people relations, it’s paid less
attention in the theory to it. Meanwhile, in this case we are dealing with one
of the contradictions that exist in the field of multi-ethnic life. Analysis of the results of our research
shows that faults and difficulties
in teaching activities in the sphere of spiritual and moral education
arise from the inability to understand this complicated process.
Pedagogical
diagnostics helps to recognize the advantages and disadvantages,
strong and weak points of the pupil. It
is important, for example, to identify the causes
of manifestation of passivity or a lack of proper activity
in the sphere of life of the
multinational group. It is
important to know the true
motives of behavior in the sphere of
life activity of multinational
group, in the tension with
difficulties in joint activity and communication, i.e. when
the pupil can truly reveal and approve himself.
Realizing spiritual and moral education of
pupils in a multicultural environment, conforming
active creative lifestyle,
setting consolidated task in moral-spiritual
education to all members of
multinational group, the teacher cannot but take into account the development peculiarities
of spiritual and moral views and beliefs
of certain individual pupils . As well as their
relationship to the events occurring
in the world, their interests and
feelings, the development level of
the unity of
consciousness and behavior of the student group.
Study of moral education assumes exposure to behavior of each student in multinational team. It can
be carried out nothing short of background of its general consideration in the joint venture with it. Circumstance
and objectivity of the attitudes,
beliefs and actions analysis are the
basic supposition. It is important to highlight a number of specific requirements, which provides
the right choice procedure as
appropriate. Study the schoolboy of a multinational team quickly,
professionally, purposefully and tactfully.
One
of the features of pedagogical work is its efficiency. The teacher constantly
has to take a large amount of different information, process it quickly and
make the right decisions on this basis of it. Attention and thought of the
teacher directed to the student to study out his psychological state,
knowledge, interests, needs, motives. The process of cognition has always
practical and specific connection with the improvement of the entire system of
the educational process of students in the multinational team. Studying
students can be carried out in different aspects, according to the different
areas of the general process of spiritual and moral education, comprehensive
and harmonious development of man in multi-ethnic society.
Литература
1.
Мариенко И.С. «Процесс нравственного воспитания школьников» Москва, 1977г
2.
Болдырев Н.И. «Классный руководитель» Москва, 1972
3.
Ким В.А., Ким А.В. «Теория и методика духовно-нравственного воспитания учащихся
в многонациональном коллективе», Тараз, 2013