Askerov E.M.

Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia.

THE EFFICACY OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET PLASMA IN DENTISTRY

 

Efficacy, safety and low invasiveness are the basic requirements to modern technologies in medicine. These qualities satisfy the technology of application of autologous platelet plasma (TAP) is a method Plasmolifting, outdoor Russian scientists MD by Ahmerov R. R. and K. M. n Saradiel of the Russian Federation. at the beginning of the XXI century. In addition to the method of dentistry has been successfully applied in dermatology and cosmetology, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics and traumatology, neurology, sports medicine.[1,2,4] Autologous enriched platelet plasma or Platelet Rich Plasma (abbreviated PRP) is a blood product derived from whole blood of the patient by centrifugation. In fact it is blood plasma of the patient with a high concentration of platelets – approximately one million cells per µl.[2]

Principle of operation. Platelet rich plasma has a stimulating effect. It helps to ensure that the accelerated growth of blood vessels, called angiogenesis. It also stimulates mitosis of cells involved in regeneration processes. But such plasma cannot improve acellular bone material. To achieve the effect of activation must be performed immediately before injection. Because the secretion of 70% of growth factors takes place for the first 10 minutes. All of them are released for hours. But after that, the platelets continue to synthesize and about 8 days, and only after the period they die. Growth factors contribute to the fact that normalized hemodynamics, improving tissue respiration and metabolism in them.[3]

Autologous plasma in dentistry is the injection procedure local stimulation of regenerative processes in tissues of the oral cavity. Its task is to achieve not only relieve the inflammatory process periodontal, and start the natural regeneration process of color, shape and structure of the gums, and in more advanced cases, to prevent the loss of bone tissue.[4]

Use in dentistry. There are several options that can be applied platelet-rich plasma. So, it can help to stop the progression of periodontitis, strengthen periodontal tissues, prevent the loss of teeth and their loosening. Plasma also helps to relieve bleeding gums and reducing bad breath. In addition, it is used in implantology and rehabilitation after carrying out maxillo-facial surgery[3]. Indications for use of this technology is the following: localized and generalized periodontitis; periodontitis; gingivitis;  peri-implantitis; surgery for removal of teeth, implantation.

Therapeutic effect is seen within a week after using this technology. Composition of plasma, platelet-rich, allows you to stop inflammation and reduce pain, to increase the chances of engraftment of the implant, improving tissue healing after surgery, to reduce bleeding gums.[3,4,5,6]

Platelets are growth factors that are highly active biological stimulators of regeneration. The use of autoplasma for this technology simple, accessible, does not require complex equipment safely and effectively allow you to remove the inflammation, reduce bleeding and reduce the treatment time.[5,7,8]

The invention relates to medicine, namely to therapeutic dentistry, and can be used for conservative treatment of hypertrophic gingivitis in patients smeshannoi orthodontic appliances[6] as well as in the treatment in other specialties in dentistry.

The effect of the procedure[4].  Allocate the following:

• Elimination of bleeding gums

• Reduction of mobility of the teeth

• Elimination of bad breath

• Acquisition of the gingiva of normal color and anatomical shape

• Acceleration of wound healing of the extracted teeth

• Stop the progression of periodontal disease

• Reducing the risk of rejection of implants

• Improvement of privlekali implants

To date, method Plasmolifting is absolutely safe and effective method, because there is no risk of Allergy and the risk of transmitting any infection from donor blood products. This method has already become wide-spread in the practice of dentistry.

List of used literature:

1.       Ахмеров Р.Р., Овечкина М.В., Цыплаков Д.Э., Воробьев А.А., Т.Г. Мансурова. Технология Plasmolifting -инъекционная форма тромбоцитарнойаутоплазмы для лечения хронических катаральных гингивитов//Пародонтология. -2012. -№4 (65). -C.80-84   

2.  Гуляева О.А., Аверьянов С.В., Солодкий В.Г., Овечкина М.В., Ахмеров Р.Р., Зарудий Р.Ф., Тухватуллина Д.Н., Саляхова Г.А. Применение аутологичной тромбоцитарной плазмы в стоматологии //Учебное пособие. Уфа.- 2016.- 75 с.

3.  Гуляева О.А., Аверьянов С.В. Профилактика воспалительных осложнений после дентальной имплантации // Пародонтология. – 2017. – № 2. – С. 84-88.

4.       Гуляева О.А. Возможности применения тромбоцитарной аутологичной  плазмы в стоматологии //Dental Magazine.2017. № 3. С. 26-29.

5.         Гуляева О.А., Буляков Р.Т. Способ лечения деструктивных форм хронического периодонтита с применением инъекционной формы аутологичной тромбоплазмы / патент на изобретение RUS 2627582 25.05.2016

6.  Гуляева О.А. Способ профилактики воспалительных заболеваний пародонта у пациентов с несъемной ортодонтической техникой с применением инъекционной формы аутологичной тромбоцитарной плазмы /
патент на изобретение RUS 2626825 08.11.2016

7.       Гуляева О.А. Способ лечения гипертрофического гингивита у пациентов с несъемной ортодонтической техникой с применением инъекционной формы аутологичной тромбоцитарной плазмы // патент на изобретение RUS 2626826 08.11.2016

8.  Гуляева О.А., Тухватуллина Д.Н., Солодкий В.Г. Применение тромбоцитарной аутологичной плазмы в комплексном лечении и профилактике гингивита у пациентов с несъемными ортодонтическими конструкциями // Пародонтология. – 2016. – № 2. – С. 38-42.