Usachev V. A.

Donetsk national university of economics and trade named after Michael Tugan-Baranovsку

Usacheva G. M.

Donetsk state university of management

Connection of modern methodical science with other sciences

A method appears by science, exploring aims and maintenance, methods and receptions, departmental teaching, and also studying the processes of studies and education on material of foreign language. The object of research of method of teaching to the foreign languages process of teaching to the foreign language and conformity to the law of mastering of him as new mean of communication, and also feature of education and education of the comprehensively developed personality by facilities of foreign language in different terms. The aggregate of abstract objects is the article of method, that all problems related to this sphere of activity:

- problems related to determination of foreign language as educational object;

- problems, related to the study of activity of foreign language as educational object;

- problems, related to the study of activity of teacher;

- problems, related to the study of activity of student;

- problems, related to the study of science of method.

In a theory and practice of teaching to the foreign languages select a general and private method. A general method is engaged in the study of conformities to the law and features of process of teaching to the foreign language independently from that, what language the question is about. All that exposes conformities to the law of mastering foreign language in to the terms of the pair system on the type of the mixed teaching and rational construction of educational process is general. A private method explores teaching to those linguistic and vocal phenomena which are specific for a concrete foreign language. In addition, select the special method examining the separately taken aspects of theory of teaching to the foreign language; historical method analysing history of teaching methods; experimental method studying the theory of experiment. Scientific basis of method of teaching to the foreign languages is made by theoretical positions of general method and experimental information of methodical researches, conformities to the law of basic contiguous with the method of neighbouring sciences-pedagogy, psychology, psycholinguistics and others. By the tasks of method of teaching to the foreign languages are: 1) selection and organization of educational material; 2) definition of typology and structure of lesson; 3) revelation of ways and facilities of intensification of study and education process; 4) consideration of questions of generalization, reiteration, control of knowledges, abilities and skills. Marking that method as the theory of teaching to the foreign language takes seat among pedagogical sciences, it is necessary to specify in the number of basic methodical disciplines:

- general didactic, analysing phenomenon, incident to all process of teaching;

- school pedagogics exploring school as educational space;

- historical pedagogics comparing the modern problems of education with existing before;

- system pedagogics summarizing high-level abstract connections between pedagogical elements.

Results of these sciences, their fundamental positions, conformities to the law are underlaid method. In addition, select the row of contiguous disciplines, such as logic, pedagogics common private linguistics, regional studies, sociolinguistics, psyholinguistics and others. Logic-is the science about general acts and adopting human thought, application of which in the process of reflection and cognition provides the capture by objective truth. In the process of teaching of speech in foreign language it is extraordinarily important to take into account these laws, lean on them in search of new methodical receptions. Pedagogics diffuses on a method the substantive provisions of theory of education, teaching and educations, incarnate in pedagogical principles. Common linguistics makes scientific basis of method, because it explores the system of different languages, their interaction, structure of speech. Private linguistics gives in the order of method information about the system native and studied foreign languages. Comparison of the systems of languages and norm of realization of the system in speech enables to define concrete difficulties in the capture by one or another language. Regional studies gives the picture of socio-economic position of people the language of which is studied; about his history, geography, ethnography and spiritual wealth; about dispositions, consuetudes, traditions inherent to this people, and linguistic realities related to them. A sociolinguistics studying causal connections between a language and phenomena of public life exposes the functional loading of language in the different social and professional spheres of his application, that serves as foundation for the choice of objects of study. A sociolinguistics describes linguistical facilities in-use by the transmitters of language in the different situations of intercourse. Mathematical linguistic – is industry of linguistics, studying application of mathematical methods in research of language and speech. Information of mathematical linguistics is used during the leadthrough of experiments in a method. The method of teaching of foreign languages takes into account information of physiology of higher nervous activity about the entrances and outputs systems of brain, providing speech. For teaching to the foreign languages the large value has the studies of I. P. Pavlov about pavlovian reflexes, second alarm system, dynamic types and positions about prognostication of actions as internal psychical processes control system. Information of physiology have direct attitude toward the problem of forming of skills and abilities. The method of teaching to the foreign language is closely associated with psychological science and is based on materialistic interpretation of the psychical phenomena. Psychology studies the psyche of man, its forms, conformities to the law and mechanisms. In accordance with the modern understanding of psyche all study and educational process must carry active and two-sided character. It is expressed in next positions: 1. From students not only knowledge of linguistic material but also capture by skills and abilities of the use of him is required in speech, ability to affect interlocutor, change his conduct. 2. Because a psyche is formed on the basis of external activity, teaching success depends on able organization of joint activity of teacher and students. 3. By external activity by providing a reference basis of actions a teacher gets possibility effectively to manage a study and educational process.

Thus, psychology is the science about conformities to the law of development and forms of psychical activity of living creatures has direct attitude toward pedagogical disciplines. The interpenetration of psychology and method of teaching of foreign languages is especially perceptibly in general psychology, psychology of speech, age-dependent, pedagogical psychology, psychology of labour. General psychology studying general conformities to the law of psychical activity of the grown normal man is basis for understanding of those psychical processes which take place at mastering foreign language and use of him. Age-dependent psychology studies conformities to the law of psychical development of man, becomings of psychical processes of memory, thought, imagination, senses and psychical properties of personality. It helps to define in teaching maintenance, methods, adopting work and to organize employments taking into account the age-dependent feature of student. Psychology of speech explores the processes of capture and domain by speech, intercommunication of external, internal speech and internal saying of, properties of verbal memory, conformities to the law of verbal and writing intercourse, connection of vocal and unvocal actions. All of it determines training objects and their sequence in a method.

Pedagogical psychology explores conformities to the law of development of psyche of man in the process of education and teaching, forming at studying of thought, studies the problems of management by mastering of knowledges, skills and abilities, finds out psychological factors influencing on success of teaching, mutual relations between teaching and taught, individually-psychological distinctions of studying. She helps to expose motivation of student in the process of study of foreign language, create setting on the practical mastering foreign language, to define and support interest to the language and people talking on him, to produce correct attitude toward the capture by knowledges and development of vocal skills and abilities. Knowledge of theories of interest, attention and memorizing helps to ground the rational methods of teaching, provide the management by intellection of student. Interest explains attention and associations for likeness, contiguity, contrast, that is instrumental in the involuntary memorizing. Interest and attention are in close interdependence with an amount and complication of material. Too difficult and large texts loosen interest to reading; rapid speech of teacher, flush by an unknown vocabulary and grammatical structures, disconnects attention of studying. Opposite, the understated requirements and tasks, not taking into account possibilities of student, develop indifference and passivity. Psychology of labour as it applies to a method helps to expose professionally important internalss student and taught and to define ways to the necessary labour contact. The account of information of psychology of labour is instrumental in scientific organization of teaching: to determination of volume and rational correlation audience, domestic and laboratory work, optimum norms of duration of training of types of vocal activity and linguistic material, effective time of application of hardwares of teaching et cetera. Machine psychology explores co-operation of man and machines; its information is used for development of method of application of hardwares of teaching and programming. Experimental psychology enriches the method by the results of researches, touching conformities to the law of the arbitrary and involuntary memorizing, volume of memory, features of perception, functionings of analyzers and other. Psychology of linguistics is industry of linguistics, which studies the processes of speech from point of accordance of maintenance of utterance to the communicative project. Psycholinguistic information explains for the method of teaching to the foreign language of conformity to the law of generation and perception of speech and allow her to define the actions and operations on the construction and decodings of vocal report. It is necessary also to mark connection of methodical science with such disciplines, as as informatics and cybernetics. An informatics determines a structure and commons properties of information, and also conformities to the law of its creation, processing, transmission and use in the different spheres of activity of man. Scientific of these information allows to define the amount of information in the report, functional loading of one or another linguistic material in one or another type of vocal activity and to get a clear idea of reasons of loss of information at vocal intercourse. Cybernetics – the science about the management in difficult by dinamic systems, about connection and processing of information. It bases on theoretical foundation of mathematics and logic, and also on application of facilities of automation, especially electronic calculable, managing and logical machines. The management consists of two systems: managing and guided. The sensor-based system affects guided with the purpose of translation of her in the new state in accordance with the task of management. The control system supposes the presence of purpose, organ of management, guided object, direct and reverse connection. The management must possess flexibility, that by ability to react on sudden situations for providing of its effectiveness; by antijammingness, that by ability it is normal to function in the conditions of hindrances; by endurance, that gives ability it is normal to function in the conditions of death some element of the system. Some positions of cybernetics can be used in the process control of teaching to the foreign languages: it is necessary to build him as integral system the elements of which effectively function at presence of permanent feed-back, that receipt by the manager of information about motion of implementation of action guided and account of her in the further management. Possibility of fall of some link must be foreseen and in good time compensated; audience, laboratory and home work must carry complex character. Methodological basis of teaching to the foreign languages is made by philosophy. A method takes into account its positions about unity of language and thought, language and society, about the forms of cognition of reality. Any phenomenon of language and speech can be correctly understood and mastered, if it is examined in connection with other before realized and mastered elements of language. The stage-by-stage forming of mental actions is based on that every mastered operation becomes the stage for subsequent.

Large prospect for practice of teaching to the foreign languages by a teaching technique must present it is accomplished new industry of linguistics-engineering linguistics. Note should be taken and on the value increased developing lately linguistics text, the theoretical decisions of which can play an important role in the substantial increase of efficiency of teaching to reading in foreign language of literature of different styles and genres. Thus, without the carefully developed linguistic basis not a single solid method of teaching to the foreign language can be created. The considered questions convincingly underline the value of theory for the modern teaching, expose essence of method and its basic categories, and also underline the presence of connections between a method and allied subjects, that provides more mushroom growth of method as teaching theories and as sciences.