Ê.ý.í. Êèðäàñèíîâà Ê.À.
Òëåãåíîâà Á.
-ìàãèñòðàíò
ÅÍÓ èì.Ë.Í. Ãóìèëåâà,
Àñòàíà, Êàçàõñòàí
THE
USE OF MODERN METHODS OF MANAGEMENT IN TECHNOLOGICAL REARMAMENT OF TRANSPORT
BRANCH IN KAZAKHSTAN
The message of the
President of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Kazakhstan - 2030" states:
“The goal of Kazakhstan is providing the competitiveness of domestic transport
and communication complex in the world market and increasing trade flows
through our territory”. In order to achieve these goals in 2012 corporation “National
Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” sold 4 large innovative projects:
1. Construction of the railway line Korgas-Zhetygen
2. Factory of locomotive assembling in Astana “Lokomotiv kurastyry zauty”
3. Factory of producing passenger carriages “Talgo” in Astana
4. Technological rearmament of LLP industrial complex “Taman” for cargo
carriage production organization
Construction of the railway line
"Zhetygen-Korgas" – one of the largest projects of transport branch
of Kazakhstan. The highway has an important strategic importance as with its input the
second railway transition between Kazakhstan and China opens.
On a
network of the railroads of the Republic of Kazakhstan passes some
international transport routes which have been officially included in system of
the Eurasian overland corridors. Among them the special place belongs to the
Chinese-Kazakhstan transport corridor passing in the East-West direction from
seaport Lianyungang (east coast of China) through frontier transition Dostyk –
Alashankou and the territory of Kazakhstan with an exit to a network of roads
of Russia (through Ozinki's frontier transitions, Aksarayskaya on Novorossiysk
port, frontier transitions Brest, Chop, the station Petropavlovsk and further
St. Petersburg, Murmansk and Central Asia through frontier transition
Saryagash).
Improvement
of railway infrastructure of these corridors – a real step on a way of
stage-by-stage increase of competitiveness of a transport complex of Kazakhstan
as a part of the Eurasian network of the international transport routes.
Extent
of a railway line Korgas - Zhetygen is 293 km. The project provides opening of
14 new separate points.
Construction
of the new railroad Korgas-Zhetygen became an important step in formation of
the shortest railway direction from border of China to the southern regions of
Kazakhstan, the countries of Central Asia and Aktau port. Implementation of the
project will provide the solution of the following major strategic tasks:
• expansion of opportunities of realization of an
export potential of the country;
• creation of the second (along with frontier
transition Dostyk) the transit overland message in the direction Europe – Asia
on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
• considerable reduction of distance of
transportations of export-import freights.
The new
railway line Korgas – Zhetygen is the breakthrough project, allowing reducing
range of freight transportation:
• between the countries of the Far East (Korea, the
People's Republic of China, Japan) and the southern regions of Kazakhstan, the
countries of Central Asia, Iran, Transcaucasia and further on 500km. ;
• between Persian Gulf and the Far East in a complex with the project of the new railway
line realized in Iran Bafk – Mashhad on 1300 km.
Factory of locomotive
assembling in Astana “Lokomotiv kurastyry zauty”. Domestic production of
locomotives is implemented within the State Program of Forced
Industrial-Innovative Development of Kazakhstan.
These locomotives are
assembled on the newest technology of the “General Electric” company (USA) and
are a competitive product in the world market. Interest to production of
domestic engineering industry is shown by railway administrations of other
countries.
New machines are tested
to various types of 19 tests, including tests of electrical and mechanical
parts, work of diesel-generator installation as a whole and durability of seams
of the case is checked, pro-running tests on the highway lines are carried out
by corporation “National Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy”.
On the assembly line of
the modern enterprise is coming off, on average, 6-8 TE33A cargo locomotives
per month. Work on the factory is conducted round the clock and staff works in
3 shifts in order to maintain the level of productivity.
The anniversary
locomotive “Evolution” with road number 100 is developed in November 2012 in
the new locomotive assembling factory, just before the end of 2012, 109
locomotives are produced. Production capacity is 100 units per year.
A contract to export Kazakh six locomotives to
Tajikistan is signed.
In December 2011, the
launch of a new factory for the production of modern high-speed passenger
carriage "Talgo".
Design capacity of the enterprise – 150 cars
a year, at the initial stages of production - from 30 to 140 cars a year.
Constructional speed of cars – 200 km/h that allows to use them in high-speed
movement. The independent suspension bracket of wheels, hinged connection of
cars, adaptedness to climatic conditions of Kazakhstan provide comfort of passengers
in ways and high level of traffic safety. With an exit to design capacity at
plant 366 new workplaces will be created, level of localization will reach 56%,
labor productivity on 1 worker will make about 98 thousand dollars of the USA.
Level of the Kazakhstan contents in production by 2015
will reach 56%.
New production plays a
key role in ensuring implementation of the Program of development of high-speed
passenger traffic RK and will allow to reduce time of following of trains in a
way in all interregional directions twice.
On July 1, 2012 the
first train, collected from Talgo cars produced in Astana started running. The
train will carry passengers from Almaty to Petropavlovsk.
Modernization of
industrial complex Taman LLP for the organization of release of freight cars.
For a covering of existing deficiency in a cargo rolling stock in 2010 on the
basis of Taman LLP production of freight cars is organized. In 2010 the 1st and
2nd starting complexes are put into operation. In July, 2011 the 3rd starting complex
is started. Capacity makes 3000 units a year.
For 2012 the following large projects were realized:
1. Works are completed
and movement on again constructed railway lines "Korgas-Zhetygen" and
"Uzen — Frontier with Turkmenistan" is opened, the mastered volume of
investment (including building of objects of customs and boundary
infrastructure and objects of social purpose of a railway line Zhetygen-Korgas)
in 2012 made 38 970 million tenges;
2 . Within creation of
domestic engineering transport industry construction of factory on release of
Talgo cars and the first stage of plant on production of modern electric
locomotives on technology of the “Alstom” company is complete. The project on
modernization of shop of large carriage molding on the basis of Vostokmashzavod
corporation is realized, the additional processing equipment for plant on
release of Evolution locomotives is bought, the general mastered volume of
investment according to these projects in 2012 made 14 030 million tenges; also
in December, 2012 shop opening on assembly of shunting locomotives on
technology of the CSR company (China) on the basis of Shusky lokomotive
factory;
For effective achievement
of the main goal of “National Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” Company it
intends to work systematically in the following four strategic directions:
1.
Increase of efficiency of productive
and economic activity of “National Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” Company
For ensuring growth of
the cumulative share capital the Company will carry out transition from the cost-oriented
corporate culture to the culture aimed at maximizing efficiency of involved
resources and processes.
Also for ensuring the
current operational stability, and also increase of competitiveness of rendered
services, in “National Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” Company actions for
decrease in production and administrative expenses will be carried out.
2.
Preservation of leading positions in
the market of freight transportation.
For ensuring the planned
growth of profitability in the market of freight transportation of Company has
to hold not less than 80% of a share of the market after opening of access to
railway infrastructure the Program of development of railway transport of the
Republic of Kazakhstan provided by the project till 2020.
For this purpose in the
Company it is necessary to introduce customer-oriented approaches in rendering
the transportation services, most aimed at satisfaction of transport and
logistics needs of clients.
Expansion of a segment
of transportations of production with a high value added will demand increase
in a share of the offer in the market of hi-tech transport services as the
condition of competitiveness of a domestic production with import analogs
transfers the international requirements to production efficiency and logistics
to our market.
Formation of a full
range of the integrated transport and logistics services with formation of
necessary structure of assets, such as the transport and logistics centers,
vehicle fleets and port infrastructure is for this purpose provided.
3. Formation of
effective structure of portfolio and production assets.
4. Increase of
controllability of activity.
Actions for increase of
controllability of activity of “KTZ” Company will affect administrative aspects
of activity.
There are goals for each
of these strategic directions which achievement will allow to carry out the above
strategic intentions of “KTZ” Company are formulated.
States intent to
liberalize the railway industry and related institutional changes will be
reflected on the structure of “National Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” Company
as sectored forming the subject of the economy. In this regard, “National
Corporation Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” Company planned major restructuring of
portfolio assets that would create an optimal structure based on corporate and
industry interests (focusing resources on core activities and to promote the
development of industry and engineering of repair facilities).
Along with
transformation of structure of financial assets optimizing changes will concern
also production assets. There will be a radical updating and modernization of
fixed assets of “KTZ” Company which will be whole branch’s part of the
investment program.
However, implementation
of promising programs and strategies rail transport system faces difficulties:
- The territory of the
underdeveloped infrastructure and poor technical condition , depreciation of
fixed assets industry , which reaches 70% , inadequate repair tracks and
rolling stock , as well as the poor quality of repair, which is caused by lack
of funding , lack of qualified staff and poor organization of transport
processes ;
- The problem of empty
runs freight cars owned by private companies - one of the major constraints on
the development of rail transport , as increases the cost of transportation,
excessive loads and destroys the network;
- The industry has not
formed a real competitive environment, because reforms were not sufficient
justification and appropriate elaboration of legislative and regulatory
framework defining the rights and responsibilities of each entity;
- Monopolistic
activities of private companies in the industry leads to an increase in freight
rates, not accompanied by an adequate increase in the quality of transport services
, misallocation of freight cars, insufficient development of container
transport , which also related to the lack of adequate infrastructure and poor
coordination of the activities of private owners of cars;
- Low
level of transport service, problems with cargo safety.
Literature:
1. Àòàìêóëîâ Å.Ä., Æàíêàñêèí
Ê.Ê. Æåëåçíîäîðîæíûé òðàíñïîðò Êàçàõñòàíà. – Àëìàòû: ÌÒÈÀ, 2001, ò. 2, - ñòð.
66.
3. http://www.slideshare.net/aizhan_zo/ss-12525552
info@rusnauka.com.