Современные информационные технологии/ 1.Компьютерная  инженерия.

Михайлов М.К.

Відкритий міжнародний університет розвитку людини "Україна", аспірант

Android system and applications architecture trends

The analysis of the current state of the computer systems market makes it possible to identify an important direction for the development of operating systems for mobile devices. One of the leaders in this market segment is the Android operating system. In 2018, the release of Android 9 is expected. The annual update of the operating system for a large number of devices leads to significant resource and time costs. The way out of this situation is the development of the architecture of the operating system in the direction of its modularity [1].

Android 8 operating system implement the architectural solution called Project Treble, and this operating system must be preinstalled on the mobile device. Earlier versions of this OS, even if updated to Android 8, do not support Project Treble. The main idea of this solution is separating the core of the OS from it’s low-level implementation (see figure 1).

Figure 1. Android OS modular architecture

Implementation of this architecture allows to update independently both core level and low level of Android OS. This approach will provide the decrease of time costs for updating OS components, and, as a result, the faster releasing of new mobile devices. In addition to architectural changes, Android 9 will differ from previous operating systems by the following features [2], [3]:

● more flexible settings;

● increased operating system stability;

● improved widgets;

● complete support of split screen feature for most of the applications;

● ability to install the official Pixel Launcher;

● security patches integration, and their regular updating.

Mobile application architectures

Clean Architecture is implemented as three disjoint and independent layers: Data Layer, Domain Layer and Presentation Layer.

MVC

Model-View-Controller - architectural solution, that allows separating the UI from business logic, and the business logic from data.

MVP

Model-View-Presenter - UI pattern that allows simplifying automatic modular testing and improves the separation of responsibilities in presentation logic.

MVVM

Model-View-View Model – this architecture separates the model and it’s presentation, which is required for changing these components separately. For example, developer can implement the data interaction logic, and the designer can work with user interface.

Choosing the technologies and instruments for Android application development
A complex issue when designing mobile applications is the choice of technology and design tools, which should take into account different factors [4]. Each alternative tool is characterized by several private criteria. To select the best tool and technology for designing an Android application, the following criteria are proposed: the programming language, the available debugger, the available emulator, the available integrated development environment, 3D support, the development platform, the installation package, the permanent connection to the server, the cost of tools for development [5].

Conclusion. The analysis of Android system architecture and application architecture development trends allows clarifying the criteria of choosing tools of mobile system development and designing.

Литература:

1. https://www.androidauthority.com/project-treble-818225/

2. https://setphone.ru/stati/android-9/

3. http://xiaomishka.ru/android-9-0-pi-i-smartfony-xiaomi

4. Михайлов М.К. Выбор технологий и инструментария разработки приложений под ОС ANDROID/ Михайлов М.К. //Комп’ютерні технології: наука і освіта: тези доповідей. IX Всеукраїнська науково-практична конференція– К.: Університет «Україна», 2015. – С. 8 –10.

5. Михайлов М.К. Методи порівняльного аналізу для інженерії програмного забезпечення/ Михайлов М.К. //Вісник університету «Україна», Серія «Інформатика, обчислювальна техніка та кібернетика». – К.: Університет «Україна», 2015. – №1(17). С. 40 –45.