Fazullin F.U.

Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia

THE POSSIBILITY OF APPLYING AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET PLASMA IN DENTISTRY

Efficacy, safety and low invasiveness — the main requirements for modern technologies in medicine. These qualities satisfy the technology of application of autologous platelet plasma (TAP) is a method Plasmolifting, outdoor and patented by Russian scientists Ahmerov R. R. and Zarudy R. F. In addition to the method of dentistry has been successfully applied in dermatology and cosmetology, obstetrics and gynecology, orthopedics and traumatology, neurology, sports medicine. The principle of the method lies in the introduction of the TAP into tissue and receiving the effect of stimulation of natural mechanisms of regeneration at the expense contained in the platelet growth factors (TGF) to promote regeneration of damaged tissues. Get TAP of venous autologous blood of the patient by centrifugation in a certain mode in a specialized test tube Plasmolifting with a separator gel and an anticoagulant, by separating plasma and platelets from red blood cells by density gradient and using specialized laboratory filters [1,4,6]. TAP was used to stimulate the osteogenesis of bone defects of the facial skeleton platelet-rich plasma, as a factor contributing to the increase in the number of osteoinductive morphogenetic protein ("BMP — bones morphogenetic protein"), roadsteads works with data on a strong osteogenic and chondrogenic activity of the substance contained in alfagroup platelets [3]. In the future, this technique has found a wide application in various fields of medicine: cardiology, entitled "platelet concentrate" or "platelet gel," in oral and maxillofacial surgery, where this methodology was used to improve the quality of regeneration and acceleration of implantation[4]. The use of TAP in complex treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases (VPP) is the first area of dentistry, where he began to apply the method. According to studies, using injections of TAP in complex treatment of periodontitis accelerates the relief of the inflammatory process, reduces treatment time, prevents the development of necrotic-destructive processes; prevents the development of sclerosis, helps to stabilize the bone trabecular structures and bone tissue growth, gives long-lasting clinical remission, stable level values of the periodontal indices, reduction in depth of periodontal pockets [1,4,6].

The method is applied of therapeutic stomatology at treatment of periodontitis [9], diseases of the oral mucosa [4, 7] in periodontics for treatment of periodontal disease. gingivitis and for the prevention of inflammatory complications in pacanow risk groups: after dental implantation [5], during orthodontic treatment [7,8], c concomitant diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus), in cases where surgical treatment is contraindicated in the complex conservative therapy [7]. To date, the introduction of the platelet autoplasma can be done in two basic methods. The first method involves the introduction of the required volume of platelet autoplasma only in the area of transitional fold. The second method involves the introduction of platelet autoplasma as a transitional fold, in the area of the gingival papilla and marginal gingiva [5,6,7]. Using this method in periodontics and prevention before the procedure in all cases conducted professional hygiene of the oral cavity. Injection of platelet autoplasma can be carried out on the same day immediately after the removal of dental plaque or in the next 2-3 days. [5,6,7]. Treatment of periodontal disease can be carried out courses. One course consists of 3-4 procedures (1 to 2 vials per visit). The use of technology PlasmoliftingTM of dentistry, periodontitis 7-14 days after the first injection, volume of injected plasma is 3.5±0.5 ml for one dental segment consisting of 6-8 teeth. Repeat the treatment 2-3 times a year, depending on the severity of the disease [5,6,7]. Plasmolifting method does not preclude the appointment of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory drugs [7]. It should be noted that in some cases already after one week you can see the first therapeutic effect of the treatment using plasma, which is manifested by improvements of hygienic and periodontal indices, and hence the reduction of bleeding gums and the gingiva of normal color [5,6]. Thus, using injections of platelet autoplasma in dentistry allows you to stop inflammation of the gums; reduce pain; enhance engraftment of the implant; reduce bleeding gums;  the timing of recovery of periodontal tissues after surgical intervention; to accelerate the recovery of tissues from patients with diabetes mellitus.

List of used literature:

1.  Ахмеров Р.Р., Овечкина М.В., Цыплаков Д.Э., Воробьев А.А., Мансурова Т.Г. Технология Plasmolifting — инъекционная форма тромбоцитарной аутоплазмы для лечения хронических пародонтитов III степени тяжести // Пародонтология. — 2013. — № 1 (66). — С. 45–47.

2.   Ахмеров Р.Р., Зарудий Р.Ф., Овечкина М.В., Цыплаков Д.Э., Воробьев А.А. Технология Plasmolifting — инъекционная форма тромбоцитарной аутоплазмы для лечения хронических катаральных гингивитов // Пародонтология. — 2012. — № 4 (65). — С. 80–84.

3.  Брехов В.Л. Хирургическое лечение больных с дефектами костной и хрящевой тканей с применением богатой тромбоцитами аутоплазмы. дис. канд. мед. наук. Курск. - 2007г

4.  Гуляева О.А. Возможности применения тромбоцитраной аутологичной плазмы в стоматологии. // Dental Magazine. 2017. № 3. С. 26-29.

5.  Гуляева О.А., Аверьянов С.В. Профилактика воспалительных осложнений после дентальной имплантации // Пародонтология. – 2017. – № 2. – С. 84-88.

6.   Гуляева О.А., Аверьянов С.В., Солодкий В.Г., Овечкина М.В., Ахмеров Р.Р., Зарудий Р.Ф., Тухватуллина Д.Н., Саляхова Г.А. Применение аутологичной тромбоцитарной плазмы в стоматологии. Уфа, 2016.

7.  Гуляева О.А., Тухватуллина Д.Н., Солодкий В.Г. Применение тромбоцитарной аутологичной плазмы в комплексном лечении и профилактике гингивита у пациентов с несъемными ортодонтическими конструкциями // Пародонтология. – 2016. – № 2. – С. 38-42.

8.  Гуляева О.А. Способ лечения гипертрофического гингивита у пациентов с несъемной ортодонтической техникой с применением инъекционной формы аутологичной тромбоцитарной плазмы / патент на изобретение RUS 2626826 08.11.2016

9.  Гуляева О.А., Буляков Р.Т. Способ лечения деструктивных форм хронического периодонтита с применением инъекционной формы аутологичной тромбоплазмы / патент на изобретение RUS 2627582 25.05.2016