Bashkir State Medical University,
Ufa, Russia
PROSTHETICS
ON DENTAL IMPLANTS
Using
implants as a support for a dental prosthesis, the physician should understand
how to best undertake a particular intervention, what is the structure of the
tissues, which is interference that occurs in the bone structures of the jaws
when the load on the inserted implants [1, 4, 6]. This applies to General and
local reactions to conducted interference. The dental implant connected with
the introduction into the tissues of the organism of foreign bodies and tissue
reactions to them. In addition to reactions on the implants themselves, the
problem is the body's response to biomaterials used for the execution of
additional bone-plastic operations, which are used in the form of powders,
granules, grafts or membranes [2]. In all cases, the main condition of success
of treatment is implantable and engraftment of the transplanted material, so it
impose strict requirements [3]. First of all, it should not cause General or
local reactions of the body and be toxic, carcinogenic, allergenic and
radioactive. The choice of material for dental implants or additional
operations should be based on a deep knowledge of how it will act in the
biological environment of the body.
A
significant number of adverse outcomes intraosseous implantation due to errors
in the orthopedic phase of the reconstruction of the dentition.
In
all cases, the prosthesis on implants, a favorable esthetic and functional
result is possible only if the correct spatial position of the implant from the
point of view of the future prosthetic structure [5, 6]. The lack of
interaction between the surgeon and the podiatrist does not allow to achieve
maximum results.
Observations
show that the conditions are not the best hygiene is the loss of bone around
the implant, exposure of the "root" of the implant, the development
of peri-implantitis [7, 8], for the prevention and treatment of these
conditions various methods have been developed [7, 8, 9,10] . So, the volume of
soft tissue around the implant affect the final prosthetic result. The
physician should realize that the distance from the edge of the crown to crest
will dictate subsequent surgical and prosthetic treatment plan.
Conclusion: the Planning design should not be
limited to assessment of bone volume should be taken into account and the
amount of soft tissue that is an integral part of the long-term prognosis of
dental implantation. A sufficient volume of soft tissues requires a reliable
gingival cuff, of an optimal trophism of the bone tissue around implants,
emergency prevention of bone resorption, the creation of optimal conditions for
hygiene care implants. A thorough analysis of the initial clinical situation,
coordinated work of specialists involved in the treatment of the patient, to
avoid the above difficulties in implant prosthetics.
Literature:
1.
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Общество по изучению цвета в стоматологии. 2013. № 3—4. С. 17—24.
2.
Rojas-Vizcaya F. Biological Aspects as a Rule for Single Implant Placement. The 3A–2B
Rule: A Clinical Report Fernando // Journal of Prosthodontics. 2013. 22. P. 575—580. 4. Kois JC:
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Международной научно-практической конференции. – 2016. – С. 194-198.
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