Химия и химические технологии / 4. Химико-фармацевтическое производство

Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, associate professor О. А. Rukhmakova, Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, professor Т. G. Yarnykh

National University of Pharmacy, Kharkov, Ukraine

Rationale for an introduction of sorbitol in the dental gel under conditional name “Dentavir-phyto”

One of the important medical and biological requirements for modern dental gels is that they have the penetrating action. It is known that when the gel is applied to the oral mucosa appears certain osmotic pressure that causes dehydration of damaged tissues and the penetration in them hydrophilic solvents with active substances [2, p. 211; 4, p. 71-74].

To ensure the penetrating action in the composition of developed dental gel under conditional name “Dentavir-phyto” was introduced sorbitol which has a sufficiently high affinity for the mucous membrane of the mouth and does not cause its dehydration. Furthermore, the use of sorbitol sweetening the medicine and provides a slow sustained release of active ingredients [3, p. 87].

To determine the efficient concentration of sorbitol in the composition of dental gel we have studied the osmotic activity of the model samples of gel systems, in which the concentration of sorbitol was – 5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %.

Osmotic activity was studied by dialysis through a semi permeable membrane, which was used as a cellophane tape marks Cuprophan. Approximately 10.0 g of the test sample was applied evenly to the surface of the cellophane tape, after which an inner cylinder was placed in the chamber of the dialyzer with the contents of the calculated amount of purified water. The resulting setup was placed in a thermostat at a temperature of (37.0 ± 1.0) °C (the temperature of the oral mucosa). The cylinder with the test sample and the membrane was weighed before the experiment and then after each hour and one day after start of the experiment.

The amount of absorbed water was expressed in percentage relative to the initial weight of the sample [5, p. 1307-1311].

The results of these studies indicate the presence of an osmotic action of all gel systems (Fig.). It was established experimentally that the gel base, wherein the dispersion medium is purified water, exhibits a sufficiently low osmotic activity, absorbs a slight amount of water, and its dehydrating ability lasts no more than 5 hours.

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Fig. Osmotic activity of gel base – 1, dental gels “Dentavir-phyto” – 2 and “Metrogil Denta” – 3

The sample of dental gel “Dentavir-phyto” with the content of sorbitol 10 % shows great dehydrating ability compared to a gel base. At the same time, the medicine has a moderate osmotic effect, which provides a soft dehydrating ability, which will be effect the decreasing of edema and acceleration of metabolic processes in the tissues.

The samples of gel systems containing more than 10 % of sorbitol were tacky to the touch and create an unpleasant sensation when applied to the oral mucosa; the samples with a lower concentration of sorbitol did not possess sufficient moisturizing action.

When comparing the osmotic effect of developed medicine and gel “Metrogil Denta” has been found that osmotic activity of reference medicine is somewhat above that can be attributed to the presence in its composition as osmotic active component of propylene glycol having a more pronounced osmotic properties [1, с. 210].

Thus, the most efficient concentration of sorbitol in the composition of studied dental gel “Dentavir-phyto” concentration of 10 % was defined.

Literature

1. Additives in drugs technology: impact on technology, consumer, economic characteristics and therapeutic effectiveness : textbook for students of higher pharmaceutical educational institutions / І. М. Pertsev, D. І. Dmitrievskiy, V. D. Rybachuk et al. ; ed. by І. М. Pertsev. – Kh. : Golden pages, 2010. – 600 p.

2. Davtyan L. L. Scientific and practical substantiation of soft dosage forms technology for dentistry: dis. … doctor of pharm. sci. : 15.00.01 / L. L. Davtyan. – К., 2006. – 304 p.

3. Merkulova E. V. Technology and standardization of dental films with bischofite and gel with sodium fluoride : dis. … cand. of pharm. sci. : 15.00.01 / E. V. Merkulova. – Pyatigorsk, 2007. – 162 p.

4. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis - etiology, pathogenesis / E. L. Panfilova, I. M. Rabinovich, O. F. Rabinovich et al. // Dentistry. – 2010. – № 1. – P. 71-74.

5. Vorobiova V. M. Technology and quality standards of experimental dental gel “Estofit Denta” / V. M. Vorobiova, E. V. Alkhimova // Fundamental research. – 2013. – № 10. – P. 1307-1311.