THE MODERN SYSTEM OF LEADERSHIP TRAINING

Turgambaeva A.K.

Astana medical University, Kazakhstan

Department of management and marketing

The management is one of the most complex areas of human activity where interpersonal relations are manifested individuals united by the production process.

The transition to a market economy, the priority issues of product quality and ensure its competitiveness changed the requirements for administrative and managerial workers, raised the profile of the creative attitude toward work and professionalism. This has led to significant changes in the principles and practices of personnel management, increasing their role in the organization.

Without a qualified, cultural, knowing their business administrative staff unthinkable deep qualitative changes in management. Like in the various sectors of activity in the health system and in acute need of leadership training.

The main problem of administrative staff in the health care system in Kazakhstan, as in all countries of the former Soviet Union – the professional managers in the field of medicine are not prepared. Managers of health facilities have always been appointed from among physicians, or specialists. A good therapist or, more often, the surgeon became the first head of the department, after - the deputy chief physician, and then the chief physician. The next step - the departments and the Ministry of Health. All management in the health care system starting with the minister - it is the doctors. What is fundamentally wrong - managers in the medical field should be prepared in a special way. It should be managers who have knowledge not only in medicine but also in economics, law, management, administrative, business, organizational psychology.

In nowadays, the main problematic issues in the management of the Kazakh medicine are:

- Lack of proper coordination between the Ministry and the regions;

- Shortage of qualified heads of organizations;

- Management based on monitoring compliance with regulations, rather than on achieving outcomes;

- Lack of independence of health care organizations;

- The principle came-saw-punished, must change to come-saw-help.

To create an effective system of public health requires significant efforts to shift from administrative to economic methods of management, with clear demarcation of functions between central and local governments and health organizations themselves.

In this article reflects the trends of modern management training in general and in particular, in the field of health. Market conditions require that the head of new knowledge and specific approaches to management, which necessitates the formation of a special system of training and retraining.

Today, training managers and their reserve is carried out in 3 main areas:

1. Initial training in universities and specialized schools for training specialists in the field of personnel management - a Bachelor.

2. Training and retraining of graduates in specialized departments and faculties in the universities - Master's degree.

3. Permanent qualification training in the branch and regional systems of advanced training in the scientific direction - Doctorate (PhD).

Work on creating a new and effective system of training and retraining of personnel management is just beginning. The current system is not sufficiently effective in a number of reasons: lack of attention to this issue, lack of funds for education, knowledge in this area, etc.

At the present time in western countries practiced ensemble system for training managers, which consists in that one group of managers may engage in various levels of management. Many foreign firms, for each responsible manager is always prepared to replace at least two people - one ready to begin work immediately if the circumstances so require, and the other to be prepared for the next two years. Japan places great emphasis on training leadership training.

A very promising direction in recent years has been the creation of their own training centers in enterprises and large firms. The problems of management training are still greater attention in Germany, UK, USA, Sweden and other countries with highly developed market economies. In Western Europe, currently operates more than 200 learning centers of management specialists. The use of advanced foreign and domestic experience, taking into account the specific conditions of our Republic will help to create an effective system of training and retraining of personnel management.

Leadership training is carried out mainly to executives possess skills and abilities required for the realization of the goals of the organization. Another consideration, inseparable from the previous one, is the need to meet the needs of a high-level professional development, success, test their strength. Unfortunately, many organizations do not provide sufficient capacity to meet those needs by increasing responsibility and promotion. Researchers have shown that graduates of ministerial business courses noted a large discrepancy between their expectations of personal growth and career advancement, and the fact that they were able to provide in reality. If these expectations have great importance for a person, it is usually dismissed with such work. No need to talk about the undesirability of managerial staff turnover due to the high cost of their recruitment and adaptation in the organization. Replacing an employee can do this in several of his monthly salary

Management training can be conducted by the organization of:

- lectures;

- discussions in small groups;

- parsing of specific business situations;

- read literature;

- gaming;

- role-based training.

Another widely used method is to rotation on the service. Previously, in the Soviet Union, this method is regularly taken, in Japan is still there, but in Kazakhstan, it has become a rarity in the last decade, for example, dermatologists may be at the reception of patients with dermatological diseases for a long period of time and venereologist - only venereal diseases, while the expert referred as the dermatovenereologist, and the category he gets, respectively, and the division of labor is not in its main activity, or physician who worked in phthisiology for a long time, he does not get the category of Phthisiology, he get category in therapy, and many such examples can lead to. As for the movement of the head of lower-level managers from department to department for a period of three months to one year, the organization introduces a new leader with many aspects of business. As a result, the young manager knows the various problems of different sections, clarifies the need for coordination, informal organization and the relationship between the objectives of various units. Such knowledge is vital for successful operation at the higher levels, but especially useful for managers of lower levels of management hierarchy.

Another important technique is the leadership training in the process of their work. Some firms charge the new leaders such trivial work that they are disappointed in it. Aware of this problem, some companies have developed programs under which the prospective new managers from the outset rather entrust the important work that is a test of their abilities, but, presumably attributable to their forces. Usually in the beginning, such an appointment due to the responsible operational activities and about a year provides constant guidance department.

In one of the researching had established a close relationship between the level of requirements in the process of training new managers and their subsequent promotion. Those persons who beginning their work from more difficult tasks, developed a higher quality of work and were better prepared for future challenges than those who were given less challenging assignments. The first group of managers and the service moved too quickly.

In such a way, the current system of health management training in Kazakhstan is set to the training and retraining, which significantly limits the inflow of skilled workers in this field. That is why was developed and implemented a new system of training health managers - MBA program. Even today, for the preparation of professional managers in medical schools opened for the master degree "public health".

Literature

1.Egorshina A.P. Human Resource Management: A Textbook for high schools. - 3rd ed.- Nizhny Novgorod.NIMB, 2003.

2. Kabushkin N. Fundamentals of Management. - M.: A new edition, 2005

3. Fedorova NV Personnel Management Organization. - M. KNORUS, 2005

4. Tsypkin Y. Personnel management: a textbook. - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2003

5. Shatalov N. Human Resource Management at Work: a textbook. - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2003.