История /1. Отечественная история

Spirkina O.O.

Cherkasy Academy of Fire Safety Named After Chornobyl Heroes, Ukraine

Historical Aspect of Theatrical Life of Cherkasy Region of the First Decade of the State Independence of Ukraine

Theatre always plays a considerable role in the development of the Ukrainian culture. State independence gave it a possibility to master new stylish searches, to find new models of artistic companies, to vary genre range of theatrical festivals which took place in many regions of Ukraine and in the Cherkasy region in particular.

It’s worth underline that the centre of the theatrical life of Ukraine was the Cherkasy region more than one hundred years ago. It was here where the first amateur groups appeared at the end of the 19^th century [1]. The future star of the stage and the owner of the American “Oscar” Award and then a common teacher N.M. Uzhwij made her debut at the stage in Zolotonosha (the Cherkasy region) in 1916 [2]. But since that time theatre has lost its popularity a little among the population of Ukraine. The reason of it was not only cinema (as more easily understood and more interesting kind of arts among mass spectators) but also the repertoire which offered this or that theatre.

At the end of the 20^th century in the Cherkasy region there were two professional theatres: Cherkasy Regional State Ukrainian Musical-Drama Theatre named after T.G. Shevchenko and Cherkasy Regional Academic Puppet Show.

At the beginning of 1990s a considerable financial crisis, material impoverishment and as a result a creative decay was typical for the theatres of Ukraine and Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre wasn’t an exception of it.

The leaders of Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre with the head of it Honored Artist of Ukraine, Honored Artist Worker A.I. Sytnyk tried to overcome the economic and cultural crisis too. During the celebration of the sixtieth anniversary of Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre A.I. Sytnyk as a way out of this difficult situation offered to return the national classics to spectators [3; 4]. And this keystone determined repertoire policy of Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre for the future. The name of A.I. Sytnyk had authority among the workers of culture and arts all over Ukraine. The main task he had put in 1991 was to expand the creative potential of the company of Cherkasy Drama Theatre, to enrich its store of arts with contemporary means of expressiveness and to embody modern national dramatic art [5].

At the first decade of the state independence of Ukraine thirty five talented actors worked at Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre. They made an inestimable contribution into the development of the theatre of Ukraine and the Cherkasy region in particular: for instance, People’s Artist of Ukraine V.P. Ignatenko [6]; People’s Artist of Ukraine N.M. Popova, who in the 50s of the 20^th century was the first actress who had higher theatrical education in the company of Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre and the favorite actress for spectators when the inhabitants of the Cherkasy oblast’ came to the Theatre specially “to see Popova” [7]; Honored Artist of Ukraine I.P. Klymenko; Honored Artist of Ukraine V.O. Svityuk who except for stage activity was prominent in Ukraine in 80-90s years of the 20^th century as an actor-reciter and a laureate of the Ukrainian competition of reciters-humorists “Vyshnevi usmishky” (“Cherry Smiles”); Honored Artists of Ukraine married couple the Semenenkos [8]; Honored Artist of Ukraine V.I. Suprunov; Honored Artists of Ukraine married couple the Talachs and many others.

Another professional theatre of the Cherkasy region in 1991-2001 was Cherkasy Regional Academic Puppet Show. It was organized in November 1965. Since the first years of its existence the Theatre has solved serious tasks of art. But we must admit that beginning from 1985 and for twenty years on the main stage-directors changed very often. So, the Theatre hadn’t a permanent creative leader. As a result, it marked negatively on the Theatre in general.

Thus, the stage of Cherkasy Musical-Drama Theatre became the creative cradle for many prominent Ukrainian actors and the basis of its repertoire policy was classical mainly Ukrainian performances. Concerning Cherkasy Puppet Show, its creative credo was the orientation on the masterpieces of the world and Ukrainian classics.

Literature

1. Майстренко, М. Театральні хроніки Черкащини [Електронний ресурс] / Максим Майстренко // Молодь Черкащини. – 2010. – 28 березня. – Режим доступу: http://mch.com.ua/situacziya/221-teatralni-xroniki-cherkashhini.

2. Вергилис, О. Последняя жертва. «Первая украинская советская актриса» – сценарий спрятанной судьбы [Электронный ресурс] / Олег Вергилис // Зеркало недели. – 2008. – 6 сентября. – № 33. – Режим доступа: http://zn.ua/CULTURE/poslednyaya_zhertva_pervaya_ukrainskaya_sovetskaya_aktrisa_natalya_uzhviy__stsenariy_spryatannoy_sud-54713.html.

3. Мислюк, А. Драма – і не тільки на сцені! [Текст] / А. Мислюк // Черкаський край. – 1991. – № 188. – 31 жовтня. – С. 4.

4. Добролюб, А. Відроджувати, творити: Обласному муздрамтеатру – 60 / А. Добролюб // Черкаський край. – 1992. – 29 жовтня. – № 171. – С. 4.

5. Кропива, Ю. «Театр повинен виховувати в людині найвищу здатність – здатність до співпереживання …» [Текст]: [Розмова з народним артистом України, художнім керівником облмуздрамтеатру А.І. Ситником] / Ю. Кропива // Місто. – 2004. – 7 липня. – С. 2.

6. Ігнатенко Володимир Пиминович [Текст] // Митці України: Енциклопедичний довідник. – К., 1992. – С. 276.

7. Юхно, Б. 1955 рік: партія сказала «надо!» [Текст] / Борис Юхно // Акцент. – 2012. – 22 февраля. – № 8 (893). – С. 16.

8. Вітання із 75-річним ювілеєм приймає народний артист України Віктор Семененко [Електронний ресурс] // Управління культури Черкаської ОДА [Сайт]. – Режим доступу: http://cultura.at.ua/news/vitannja_iz_75_richnim_juvileem_prijmae_narodnij_artist_ukrajini_viktor_semenenko/2012-10-03-508.