Methods of modular technology in Teaching Foreign Languages

Rysbaeva G.K., Rysbai B.

Candidate of Philological Sciences,

Associate professor of Linguistics

Kazakhstan, Almaty.

The Republic of Kazakhstan became an independent country in 1991. During the last 20 years of independence there have been a lot of changes in education system of the country, especially on a legal base. Education is very important for our lives. Without education people wouldn’t have their high-developed machine and would believe that the Earth is a planet around that all planets are moving. Article 30 of the Constitution approved in 1995 stipulates that citizens have the right to free comprehensive secondary education in State educational institutions. Citizens also have the right to free higher education in State institutions on a competitive basis. The Law of 1992 determines the common purposes and tasks of education as follows: “the main task of the education system is to create the necessary conditions for bringing up and developing individuals on the basis of national and common human values, and of scientific and practical achievements”. The main objectives of the education system are to:

develop the mental and physical abilities of individuals, to lay solid foundations of morality and a healthy way of life, to cultivate their intellect providing conditions for their further development;

foster civic awareness and the understanding of individual rights and duties with regards to the family, the society and the State;

develop the creative abilities of individuals and their aesthetic education;

create the necessary conditions for the study of culture, customs and traditions of Kazakhstan; and

provide all citizens with opportunities for general education and professional training.

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1995) and the law “On Education” (2007) are the basic documents that have introduced the educational policy of the government.

From the time that Kazakhstan gained its independence, we have had an aim to be in close political, social cultural and economic relationships with most developed countries in the world. The importance of language knowledge, day by day is reaching the great top because of the unity development between different nations and countries that leads to the fruitful relationships. Firstly, the idea of trinity of the languages was proclaimed in October 2006 on the twelve congress of the Assembly of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan’s President Nursultan Nazarbayev delivered his annual state of the nation address, “New Kazakhstan in a New World”, on February 28 in 2007, outlining the strategy of Kazakhstan’s development for the next decade where he offered the idea of trinity of the languages. “Kazakhstan should be viewed in the world as a highly educated country whose people use three languages. These will be Kazakh as the state language, Russian as the language of interethnic communication, and English as the language of successful integration into the global economy,” the President noted. “Building the Future Together” - address to the People of Kazakhstan of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev has planned several stages of economic-social development which we must achieve by 2020. This plan has pointed out its own strategy and didn’t wait the world’s crisis. President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev paid great attention not only to a social modernization – a new social policy, but to education as well as to Healthcare, “We must continue to modernize education, therefore, I believe that by 2020 a share of our population speaking English should be no less than 20 percent”, he said. I have always said that knowledge of three languages is an obligatory condition of one’s wellbeing. That’s why in 2013-2014 academic year the program of teaching English language on the 1^st form will have been introduced at general education schools.

In today’s world thousands of people speak English as a secondary language at work and study and know it as mother tongue. The English has gained its importance in the 21st century because it has become the language of science and technology. The English language is a world wide spread international language. English is the most widely spread language and spoken among most of people after Chinese people. English, nowadays is used in all spheres of international relations, scientific-techniques, mass-media and business. English is a key object of information technologies and computer science. English was spoken by outstanding people as William Shakespeare, Jack London, Jonathon Swift, Walter Scott. Current estimates suggest that 1,2-1,5 billion people speak English. The English language is the most spoken language in the world. English has official or special status in at least 75 countries, in 19 countries it is considered as a state language. By 60 years of XX century English has begun widely spread. English is the official language of the most international organizations. Countries among them: United Nations (1946), Great Britain, New Zealand, Australia, ets.

In development of the project «Tilderdihg ‘ush tughurlughi» /«Тілдердің үш тұғырлығы» academician S.S.Kunanbaeva introduced theoretical-methodological basic of studying foreign languages. She introduced a professional model of workers who embodies the qualities of knowledge of both Kazakh language and English, has new kinds of reasoning to the English language: a) preparation of scientific pedagogical professionals through the use of modern innovative and interactive materials; b) training interpreters based on their native language is the conceptual universality of higher education. That means the conduction of international relations will be connected with the preparation of specialists.

Use of innovational technologies in studying foreign languages gives students an opportunity of foundation of diverse means of relation in a foreign language. Studying a foreign language can give the chance to the students to get acquainted with the culture, history, achievements in science, literature in country which language they learn. If in secondary schools pupil were trained in a foreign language on practical level, it would give the possibility for higher schools to train students to independent works, to use their knowledge in practical way. Teaching foreign language changes at the request of the society. Nowadays teaching foreign languages follows given aims of teaching: communicational, educational, and developing and up bringing aims.

Among these aims communicational aim takes the leading part. Other aims are used to complete the tasks in communicational aim. In studying the English language six levels are used: "beginner", "elementary", "pre-intermediate", "intermediate", "upper-intermediate", "advanced".

At English lessons elements of multi-language teaching are used. Some lessons are conducted by using integration. Integration means the relation of subjects with each - others in higher level. Integration gives the opportunity to join several subjects together and plays an important part in preparation of qualified lesson.

In development of students speaking three languages such tasks are solved: correct use of innovational materials in teaching, using modern innovational techniques, training students to communicating in three languages, to conduct individual approach to each student, using dictionaries and vocabularies in translation, to develop the interest to studying language.

There are several teaching techniques that are highly evaluated: modular technology, problem teaching, accelerated learning, and individual approach, informational teaching, training according the level of students, games and communicational technology.

Nowadays a lot of Universities are using modular technology of teaching. The importance of this teaching is students can have an opportunity to work independently in all parts of the lesson. Also the main aim is not only teaching but also giving students the chance to develop listening, speaking, reading, writing, analytic thinking skills.

Training module consists of three structural parts which are often repeated as a learning cycle: introduction, speaking (dialogue) and the final part.

Introduction part (introduction to the module to the subject).

Speaking part (usually a dialog using the dialog to organize cognitive skills of students.) The final (reference work, test, dictation, etc.).

More precisely, in the introductory part the teacher introduces students to the general structure of modular training, its purpose and responsibilities. After that, the teacher briefly (for 10-15 minutes), explains the study material of the module using drawings, tables, and data samples.

In the part of speaking using 4 levels of Technology Study of the Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor Zh.A.Karaev (reproductive rate, heuristic level, the creative level) focus on the learning level of knowledge of students. In the final part a test may be given. The main performance of modular technology is:

- Increases the activity of the student in school;

- To develop the student’s interest in the subject;

- The student is committed to uninterrupted self-knowledge;

- The student masters the language categories vocabulary and grammatical structures;

- Allows far as possible to expand the oral and written language;

- Student itself forms the necessary skills gradually attaining goals, which given on a lesson.

So, module - one of the largest system, here the student is educated not only by sections, but systematically in the form of exact order. They are trained to work, to awaken an interest in science to develop the skills of independent work. The training process is applied in different ways: an explanation, speaking, reading, lectures, practical (practical laboratory, graphics, vocabulary and grammatical exercises), clarity (charts, tables, illustrations and demonstration), etc.

In the universities and secondary schools in the practical training of foreign languages students learn to work independently, they must be able to apply their knowledge in new situations creatively.

The learning objectives of foreign languages vary with the demands and needs of society. Now foreign language teaching has four objectives: communicative goal, knowledge, education and the goal of improvement. The main of them is the communicative purpose; other objectives are achieved through the implementation of the communicative purpose.

Forms of study: a) the total or structural: group or individual group, pair, team, and b) the exact or special: tutoring, conferences, debates, group discussion.

Summing up, one of the favorable signs modular of technology training - an activity of the student at school. One feature of this technology is that, in all stages of education in developing the cognitive abilities of the student, developing the spoken and written language can offer them creative work. During the development of vocabulary, grammar, phonetic means of a foreign language is formed activities of students in learning, the ability to work independently, the skills to draw conclusions. This is new technology of today's successful research faculty. Teachers look at these problems very comprehensively and apply actively new methods in their disciplines with great enthusiasm.