Economics / 6. Marketing and Management
Zigova A.A., Cand.Econ.Sci. Baranova N.A.
A. Baitursynov Kostanay state university, Kazakhstan
THE REGION
AS A MAJOR PART
OF REGIONAL
ECONOMIC POLICY
Development
of any country is always associated with a specific territory, characterized by
a certain area, geographical location, climatic conditions, availability of
natural resources and raw materials, the ethnic composition and other
characteristics. The study of patterns of
regional economic policy as part of the economic policy of the state is one of
the most important areas of human knowledge. Regional economy presently
represents one of the branches of knowledge of the territorial organization of
human activity.
In the
economic literature there are many definitions of the regional economy, both
Russian and Kazakh authors. So, a
researcher of the regional economy N.N. Nekrasov under regional economies
understands branch of economic science that studies the combination of economic
and social factors that lead to the formation and development of the productive
forces and social processes in each region of the country [1]. In the tutorial T.G. Morozova
under regional economies understood area of scientific knowledge,
studying the development and distribution of productive forces , socio -
economic processes in the country and its regions in close relationship with
the natural environmental conditions [2].
Basis
for the functioning of the regional economy is a region. Academician N.N.
Nekrasov provides the following definition of the concept: «region - a large
area of the country with a more or less homogeneous natural
conditions and the characteristic directions of development of the productive
forces on the basis of a complex combination of natural resources with the
appropriate current and future material - technical base, industrial and social
infrastructure»
[1].
But as
the analysis of the various sources, there is a science and a different
approach to the definition of «region», which can be traced back to the definition of
Russian economist A.I. Dobrynin. According
to him, under the region should be understood geographically specific part of
the national economy, which is characterized by unity and integrity of the
reproductive process [3]. According to the definition, the main feature in the
understanding of the region appears the economic aspect, and any sings are
virtually absent.
The
most complete definition of the concept of «region» gives G.V. Gutman According
to G.V. Gutmann «region is a territorial entity that has clearly
defined administrative boundaries within which reproduced the social and
economic processes provide living due the region's place in the system of
territorial and social division of labor» [4]. According to the views A. Granberg, region - this area in accordance with
the defined goals and objectives. So, the existence of different approaches to
understanding the region due to the fact that the region can be identified as
to the administrative - territorial unit allocated according to the
administrative-territorial division of the receiving State, and not coincide.
According
to the views of Kazakhstan economists in the domestic conditions is most
correct to equate the region with the administrative - territorial entity
rather with the area , as it is in the region is possible to observe the unity
and integrity of the reproductive process, as well as the region has all the
necessary managerial authority. According to the views of Kazakhstan economists in
domestic conditions is most correct to equate the region with the
administrative - territorial entity rather with the area, because it is in the
region is possible to observe the unity and integrity of the reproductive
process, as well as the region has all the necessary managerial authority. Also the region has all the necessary managerial
authority. Consequently, in the writings of domestic economists is an
identification of the region with the administrative area, it is clearly
evident in the works of W. Baymuratova, J.K. Shokomanova, M.G. Isayev and
others [5].
There
are examples of an expanded understanding of the region. For example, in the
Republic of Kazakhstan allocated enlarged regions, which do not coincide with
the boundaries of administrative-territorial units: North Kazakhstan, Central
Kazakhstan, West Kazakhstan, South Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan without
reference to the administrative division by area. In the Russian Federation, for example, has created
eight federal districts, although there are about 87 regions according to the
administrative-territorial division. The world economy is known selection
Asia-Pacific Region (APR), the Central Asian region and, as a rule, without
regard to their territorial jurisdiction of the state.
For a
detailed understanding of the flow of the economic the region’s life, it should be noted that the national economy
emerges as a global economic system that is both holistic education, operates
in a single economic, political and legal regime. It should be noted that the
national economy emerges as a global economic system that is both holistic
education, operates in a single economic, political and legal regime. The
region has a complex and ordered structure elements within the framework of the
area function of socio-economic relationships and dependencies, implemented its
regional interests.
At the
present stage of development all countries of the world are treated with
special attention to the problems of development of their regions, analyze
socio - economic situation, causes and forms of existing inequalities, thereby
responding to the analysis of specific regions with a view effective conduct of
regional economic policy.
Literature:
1. Nekrasov N.N. Regional economy. Theory,
problems, methods. - Moscow: Economics, 1998. – 344 p.
2.
Morozova T.G. Regional economy. Textbook.
- Moscow: UNITY, 1998. – 300 p.
3. Dobrynin A.I. Regional processes of
reproduction. - Leningrad: Leningrad State University, 1997. – 127 p.
4. Gutman G.I.,Zvyagintsev O.P., Miroedov
A.A. Region in the formation of the welfare state. - Moscow: Finance and
Statistics, 2005. - 585 p.
5.
Gamarnik GN Management of the economy of Kazakhstan: methodology, approaches
and ways of implementation. - Almaty: Economy, 2002. – 250 p.