Mizanbaeva G.Sh. KarSU, Lecturer
Zhumageldin Zh.Sh. KarSU, Lecturer
Magistry of philology
Akzhunusova N.B. KarSU, Lecturer
Magistry of philology
Writers and critics of Kazakhstan
The outstanding Kazakh writer and the
literary critic M.Auezov in the novels and researches has carried out the deep
analysis of products Абая - the great Kazakh thinker, the educator-democrat of
XIX century, has opened an art originality of its poetry, communication with
the Russian literature, with classical literatures of the East. Its
novel-epopee «Way of Abay»,
obtained an all-Union and world recognition, has huge istoriko-informative
value. It is the founder of new branch of the Kazakh literature - аbayknow.
Long-term activity, studying of literary heritage of
Abay have been embodied in the book of
“Abay Kunanbayev’’.
Articles and researches”. M.O.Auezov wrote
the first monography about the Kirghiz epos “Маnas”,
creation of a free variant of its texts. Numerous articles, researches are
devoted the theory and folklore history, problems Kazakh folklore,
histories of the Kazakh literature, to problems of interrelation and combination
of literatures of
the people of Central Asia and Kazakhstan; they represent the large
contribution in literature
science. [4,79]
The arising Kazakh literature
mastered large literary forms - novels, to lead. The poet and prose writer
Myrzhakyp Dulatuly (1885-1925) - the author of several poetic collections and
the first Kazakh novel Unfortunate Zhamal
(1910), run into several editions and caused the big interest at the Russian
criticism and the Kazakh public. He also was engaged in transfers on Kazakh
Pushkin, Lermontov, Krylov, Schiller, was the innovator and the reformer of the
Kazakh literary language. Spandiyar Kubeyev
(1878-1956) it is known as the translator of fables of Krylov and the author of
one of the most considerable Kazakh novels "Bride money" (1913).
Introduction is connected with name of
Magzhan Zhumabayev (1893-1937) in Kazakh verses
new poetic forms, and in the Kazakh literary language - stylistic system which
remains to this day. He has started to write verses since 14 years and was
printed almost in all newspapers and magazines in the Kazakh and Tatar
languages. In 1912 in Kazan left its poetic collection of
Sholpan.
Shakarim
(1858-1931) is nephew of
Abay
Kunanbaev, was the religious philosopher trying in treatise of
Musylmans (Orenburg, 1911) to prove doctrines of Islam
by means of a logic method. Same year it has published one of the first works
on history of Kazakhs - the Family tree of Turkis, Kirghiz, Kazakhs and ханских
dynasties. Shakarim was the author of the
big number of poems, poems and prosaic products. He
has translated in Dubrovsky Pushkin's poetic form, as the teachers considered
Byron, Pushkin, Lermontov, Hafiz, Navoi,
the Edging, Schopenhauer.
The religious philosopher Muhamed
Salim Kashimov known for the products Politeness, Propaganda, Manual to Kazakhs
was also the author to lead Sad Мариям (1914) in which the custom of delivery
of girls in marriage without their consent was condemned. In three left in 1913
books of Mashgur-Zhusup
(1858-1931), the surprising phenomenon Seen by me in my long life, Position and
About what earth Saryarka the author sharply speaks against a policy of Russia
and resettlement of Russian peasants to Kazakhstan.
Halel Dosmuhamedov is
the first of Kazakhs has been selected by a member of a
bureau of study of local lore of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and also a
member of board of the National commissariat of public health services.
Halel Dosmuhamedov was visible
political and the statesman of 20-30 years of the XX-th century, one of heads
of movement «Алаш», the versatile scientist-researcher, the teacher-educator.
Its scientific interests laid not only in medicine and hygiene sphere. It had
been published set of works on the general natural sciences, anatomy,
physiology, zoology, botany, language and the literature, history.
Professor Halel Dosmuhamedov was the
classical sample of versatily formed scientist-philologist. He in perfection
knew several languages, including oldest nurk,
German and was the first linguist
investigating the law of syngarmonism in
the Kazakh language as the talented specialist in folklore it is masterful used
historical and ethnographic data in the works, was the tireless collector of
oral national creativity, the deep researcher of the literature. Thanks to it
creativity of remarkable Kazakh poets,jyrau like Mahambet,
Murat, Sherniyaz up to now has reached.
Till the present moment has not lost the value its research «History of the
Kazakh literature».
In the end of 19 - the beginning 20
centuries the group of "scribes" into which entered Mashhur-Zhusup,
etc., preached patriarchal sights and collected folklore. Round the newspaper
"Kazakh" (1913) nationalist forces - A.Bajtursunov, M.Dulatov,
M.Zhumabaev, after 1917 counterrevolutions which have passed in camp were
grouped.
The prominent
representative of a klerikalno-philosophical direction of the Kazakh literature
was Mashgur-Zhusup (1858-1931). In 1907 in Kazan there are at once its three
books: "the surprising phenomenon Seen by me in my long life",
"Position", "About what earth of
Saryarka". In them the author has sharply spoken
against a colonial policy of Russia, resettlement of peasants to Kazakhstan,
urges Kazakhs to join in a political life of the country more actively.
In
neopublished works of Mashgur-Zhusup
has given interpretation to variety of morally-ethical categories, its
philosophical works have played a certain role in development of the Kazakh
philosophical thought.
The
representative of religious philosophy was and Мухамед Салим Кашимов. In the
products "Politeness", "Propaganda", "the reason
Book", "Manual to Kazakhs" it acts with pedagogical manuals,
states the philosophical and sociopolitical views. Except purely philosophical
works, feather oa Kashimov posesses
the story of "Sad Маriyam"
(1914) in which the author condemns customs of wedding when girls marry without
their consent.
The big trace
in the Kazakh literature have left Мак8sh Каltayev,
Таir Zharokov
both other writers and poets.
As a whole the beginning of XX century
became the period of special blossoming of the Kazakh written literature which
have absorbed in the best lines of Kazakh, east and European literature. At
this time bases of the modern Kazakh literature are pawned, definitively there
is a literary language.
Used literature:
1. Х.Досмұхамедов. Қазақтың
халық әдебиеті. - Алматы,1991.
2. А.Байтұрсынов. Ақжол. - Алматы,1991.
3. Ж.Смағұлов. Қазақ
әдебиеттану ғылымының тарихы. - Алматы,1999.
4. М.Әуезов. Әдебиет тарихы.
- Алматы,1993.