Право/7.Экологическое, земельное и аграрное право.

Orynbekov A. master of the legal sciences, 2 courses

Karaganda economic university of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Kazakhstan

Features of development of agro-industries in Kazakhstan Customs union conditions

The Agriculture is one of the key branches of the economy Kazakhstan. The Level of the development of the agrarian sector always emerged and continues to emerge the defining factor economic and public-political stability Kazakhstan society.

Being one of the priority directions of the development of the economy of the republic, agriculture disposes the enormous potential and greater reserve.

The Varied climatic conditions Kazakhstan allow to grow nearly all cultures of the moderate heat belt and develop the stock-breeding.

The Development Terms of Customs production can be considered firm if, first, is provided desired level production, satisfying need of the population in product of the feeding, but processing industry - a raw material, secondly, is realized development rural territory on base of the increase incom rural population, making the reasonable conditions to lifes on settle, in third, is saved and multiplies the natural potential.

In development agricultural production Kazakhstan for the last ten years (2003-2013 gg.) are noted high rate of growth to gross output. As a whole gross output of the agriculture (in the current prices) выросла in 4 times 1 more then.

The Payments show that range and relative koleblemomt gross output, which was weak at the first period, but hereinafter increased before moderate. The Main role in reinforcement koleblemomts production has played the reduction to stability of the development plant growing, which range koleblemomts product forms 20-22% from trend.

In total if at the first period 92% events were provided stability production to product of the agriculture then at the last five years - less than in 90%. This speaks of capacity though and small, vagary production, under noting speedup and growing average annual factors.

However if consider the factors to stability production to product on region level kolebaniosti varies more broadly. Explored and stability of the development to food industry, where stability varies, for instance, from 89% (the cream butter and cheeses) before 56% (tomato air-tight and soya butter).

For the reason increasing of stability and reductions level weather conditions payment index was made on base of the analysis of the condition of the branches of the agriculture to efficiency production for the last five years, index of the accomodation production, which alongside with factor of stability, demand for product and market prices were a background principle of the determination of the priority branches of the development agro - sector in area of the republic. In total more rational use natural resource areas of the republic stability production can increase on 3-4 p.p.

Efficient stability of the development Terms of Customs production in condition of the Customs alliance expects maximum use an advantage territorial division of labor and shapines specialized zones production competitive agro - sector to product. The Established relations and price competitiveness of the row Kazakhstan goods points to possibility of the reinforcement of the presence Kazakhstan on the market of the countries TS 2.

Kazakhstan can and must develop the cooperation with Russia on supply of the row such type agro - sectors to product as grain, meat of the large horned live-stock and pig, as well as vegetable product. It Is Offered in condition of the Customs alliance, for saturation of the home markets, development united corn politicians, where target installation must become the saturation of the market to competitive products in accordance with solvent demand.

Coming from standard of need of rye bread in Kazakhstan per capita, as well as with provision for efficiency of the export grain ржи in Russia, in view of his(its) high competitiveness, is offered in prospect to enlarge the sowings under winter rye before 200 thous. ga or in 3,2 times to level 2010.

For production of the groats culture, for instance, buckwheats, claimed on the market of the countries of the Customs alliance, is offered enlarge the amounts of the sowing areas before 160 thous. ga or in 2,7 times to level 2010. Besides, reduction sowing wheats is offered before optimum level (12200 thous. ga), having returned priority production hard and strong wheat 3.

Follows to note that level of the development processing industry of the republic vastly lower, in country of the Customs alliance. A Certain advantage has flour-milling (in payment per capita Kazakhstan produces in 2,9 times more Russia and in 2,5 times - Belarus) and noodle industry (on 7 % accordingly and in 3,7 times). More than in Belarus is produced vegetable butter and oleomargarine (in 1,4 times). The Rest branches do not play on the market TS big dug.

Considering condition production and relations target indicators developments Kazakhstan were designed with country of the Customs alliance Terms of Customs production.

The Firm development Terms of Customs production Kazakhstan is expected consider with provision for and need of the countries of the Customs alliance, but the main purpose necessary to acknowledge increasing self sufficiency populations of the republic and growing to competitiveness, alongside with increasing quality produced products.

For this purpose, the system of the measures was designed, directed on increasing of stability of the development Terms of Customs production, which is expected build on achievement not simply stability extended reproduction, but efficient stability, basing on production goods high quality at conservation level public-necessary expenseses. For instance, for cultivation live-stock of the meat direction necessary, in the first place, efficiency of the use pasture and development fodder.

The Development to food industry must rest basically in innovative and integration processes, including interstate integration.

The Country of the Customs Alliance, considering their focus on economic growing and mutually beneficial cooperation, necessary new approaches to development Terms of Customs complex. This must be such approaches, which have united further achievements "three-tuples" in science and agrotehnics and have added agrarian sector greater resistivity to negative factor, as natural-climatic, so and financial-economic nature.

The Known that in connection with increase the dangers of the deficit of provisions in this quickly changing world Kazakhstan intensifies protection an agricultural producers. So, a certain time back food safety was referred to level of national safety. And all unless use all mechanisms, threat to national safety will remain actual.

The Single barrier for entering Kazakhstan in VEIN is an agriculture. Though preparation to entering in VEIN began long ago, on today little mechanisms and ways, capable to develop this branch. The Specialists note that agriculture hitherto is weakly developed. The Customs alliance is perceived herewith as preparation to entering in VEIN. However joint actions Kazakhstan within the framework of Customs Alliance with Russia and Belarus reveal the row serious defect. As follows, agricultural producers complex Kazakhstan requires supports and lifting on qualitative new level. The Agriculture in Kazakhstan hitherto needs for support and help state. Within the framework of Customs Alliance level agro - sectors Russia and Belarus and his(its) state support well above, than in Kazakhstan.

For instance if in Belarus state support forms 18 percents of the cost to product, made in agricultural producers complex, in Russia - 8 percents then in Kazakhstan this factor somehow reaches 4 percents.

In past years country of the Customs Alliance reached to agreements that volume help agrarian sector on the part of state possible to raise before 10 percents (10 percents of the cost whole made in branches of the product). However in 2012 facility Kazakhstan, chosen for support of the agriculture, have formed only 3,5 percents. These facts speak of more.

Natural-climatic conditions Kazakhstan it is impossible compare to climatic condition in Russia and Belarus, where no droughts, precipitation falls out it is enough. As a result this - with each hectare is going to on 50-60 centners of the harvest. In Kazakhstan moisture it is not enough, because of drought productivity does not exceed 10-15 centners. At support on the part of state occasionly can be insufficient. Support individual and subsidiary facilities to Russia and Belarus is bolted by national legislation. А in Kazakhstan like individual facilities, which produce beside 80 percents to whole agricultural product, do not get no supports on the part of state. The Unimportant condition and in traditional for Kazakhstan branches - a stock-breeding. And this sphere does not get the help on the part of state. Support get only large facilities.

Nobody today does not speak of united agricultural producers politician - the question is coordinated directions. The Development and realization of the main trends coordinated agricultural producers politicians state-members TS and United economic space - one of the problems of the Eurasian economic commission.

Undertaking coordinated agricultural producers politicians state-members TS will promote the expansion a production to agricultural product and provisions, increasing to stability of the operation agricultural producers complex state-participant TS and their efficiency. Besides, this will be able to guarantee provision agricultural product and provisions of the consumers on acceptable prices and will provide optimum distribution a resource on goods market of the countries United economic space.

One of the instrument this politicians is a development and realization of the interstate programs and project in the field of developments of the infrastructure agrarian-food market, rural development, undertaking the scientific studies in the field of breedings, energy efficiency of the technical decisions and new forms to organizations production

The Literature:

1. "Kazakhstan in numeral", Agency of the Republic Kazakhstan on statistics, -Astana, 2011.

2. Paltashev T.T. "Problems industrial-innovation developments Kazakhstan", material of the seminar in TREASURY him.SCARLET-Farabi, -Almaty, 2012.

3. Tireuov K.M., Suleymenov ZH.ZH. The Scholastic allowance "Economy Terms of Customs production", -Almaty, 2011.