ÓÄÊ: 658.14/17
Kruglov V.N.
Institute of management,
business and technology
Effective management of research activities
Keywords: management, system, program, projects, diagnostics, research,
options, features, results, models, information.
Abstract: the article deals with the possibilities of combining
different research methods in the evaluation of management systems. Based on
classical concepts and paradigms is shown a development of the modern theory of
innovation development in the domestic economy. This takes into account all the
components of domestic and foreign experience. Simulation, mathematical and
analog modeling appear most promising, and because of this priority. The
article aims to help practitioners of science in the formulation of optimal
solutions for the development of management systems.
Task analysis of control systems of the enterprise can be associated
with phases of growth, decline, or life cycles, so often the problem of
analysis of control systems of the enterprise are changing depending on the
stage of development and life cycle of the enterprise [2, p. 437].
Assessment is a kind of establishing presence and the expression of some
characteristics of the studied system. Tool for evaluation is the indicator.
The evaluation analysis is based, the regulation in accordance with the
specified standards of operation and development, finding and identifying
trends, study of the characteristics and special features of some phenomenon,
event, [1, p. 380]. Without the assessment cannot be developed recommendations,
and, therefore, managerial decisions were taken, in particular regarding the
improvement of the management system. The better the score, the greater the
likelihood of effective, rational management decisions. For assessment should:
highlight the object and the subject of the assessment; the establishment of
evaluation criteria and measurement scales; building procedures and systems
evaluation; the choice of means and methods of assessment; the use of
evaluation results [3, p. 94].
The extent of the spread can distinguish innovations that became the
basis for the emergence of a new industry that produces a homogeneous product,
and innovations that are applicable in all sectors of the economy. Often these
types of innovations over time follow each other. You can give the following
examples: electrical engineering and electrification; automobile industry and
motorization; production of personal computers and computerization.
Classification of innovations in order of importance, allocates basic
(otraslevojj penetrating into other industries, major) innovation; improve
(significant improvement of base technologies) and pseudo innovations, which
represent minor changes to basic innovations.
From the point of view of directional effects on the production process
innovation can be divided into three types: expansion, streamlining and
replacement. For example, expanding innovations designed for deeper penetration
into various industries and markets existing basic innovations (in particular, computerization
has gone from limited use of mainframe computers to the massive use of personal
computers). Streamlining innovation is inherently very close to improving
innovation. Purpose of substitute innovation is to replace some (old) products
(technologies) other (new) based on the same function.
Diagnostics of the condition of the organization may affect the
following areas:
1. Diagnosis of the financial condition of the organization: the
analysis of the financial results of operations; financial analysis; diagnosis
of bankruptcy.
2. Diagnosis of economic organization: the analysis of economic solvency
(ability to operate profitably); analysis of economic results (volume of
produced and sold products, gross revenue, profit, cost of the property); diagnosis
of risk for the organization.
3. Diagnostics operating results of the enterprise: the analysis of
efficiency of use of material, labor and financial resources; diagnosis of the
quality and competitiveness of products.
4. Diagnostics of the technical condition and development of the
enterprise: analysis of the state of technology and efficiency technologies;
diagnostics innovation.
5. Diagnosis of social development organizations.
6. Diagnosis of the use of material resources of the organization and condition
of inventory (logistics).
7. Diagnosis of the condition and use of capital assets.
8. Diagnostics of efficiency of use of circulating assets.
9. Diagnosis capacity of the organization.
10. Diagnostics marketing: diagnosis of the organizational structure of
marketing; diagnosis of turnover; diagnostics market positions; competitiveness
diagnostics; diagnostics sales channels; diagnosis of promotional activities
and public relations.
11. Diagnostics staff: analysis of professionalism of the managers;
analysis of professionalism; analysis of professionalism of workers and
employees; diagnostics training personnel.
12. Diagnosis management mechanism: the diagnosis of functional
structures; diagnosis of organizational structures; troubleshoot office equipment;
troubleshoot networks.
Such development will allow a current diagnosis online, without
unnecessary expenditure of labor and resources [4, p. 216].
Currently there are many tools that contribute to the development of the
organization. Such tools are used for development of guidelines and priorities
for management decision making. The comparative analysis of these instruments
are presented in Appendix 1.
All of these methods, if used wisely, provide a basis contributing to
management decisions:
- Application of the Delphi method as a result gives some informed
decisions, based on the survey of a group of people.
- Brainstorming techniques in a result is a list of solutions to
specific problems raised by the experts, and then, out of the total number of ideas
expressed select the most successful, which can be used in practice.
- Scenario method is a text that allows you to create a preliminary
understanding of the system in the quantities and their relations, but the
script, as any text is subject to the ambiguity of its interpretation, so it
should be considered as a basis for further development of the model solutions
to the problem.
- Objectives tree method allows to provide a complete picture of the
interrelations of future events until obtaining a list of specific tasks and
obtain information about their relative importance. Building the tree of goals
and objectives ends at the level of the definition of performers. In the
process of constructing the tree of objectives are often used algorithms joint
work of experts, but, nevertheless, the method is based on not group work as
such, but a special logic reasoning.
- Construction of the road map, as a result, gives a graphic plan of the
script of the dynamic development of the organization, taking into account
alternative paths and identify possible areas of performance (bottlenecks), as
well as a detailed description of such parts of the organization as resources,
technology, product, market, buyer, strategic objective, and creates a coherent
system of communicative interaction between all organizational structures.
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