Seitkassym Aibek
M. Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University,
Kazakhstan, Taraz
Safety analysis of Zhambyl
region
The
man is the cause of many accidents, he is a risk factor. If you comply with all
safety rules and other regulations, the accident should not be. But there are
production areas where injuries are the most "frequent visitor". Ensuring
safety in the production of all forms of ownership has been and remains one of
the main priorities it is an important factor in the proper activity of the
enterprise. The greatest value of the State is a person it means that the safe
conditions in manufacturing have to be created for each individual employee.
Improving working conditions is an independent
and important task of the social policies implemented by the state. In order to
solve theoretical and practical problems of defining the problem, the
government has developed and implemented numerous legal, technical, economic
and organizational measures. It is important to ensure safety in production
to understand the norms of the employees themselves correct, safe behavior. It
is even more important than all the technical and technological innovations, as
they also require an understanding of human observance of established safety
requirements. The correct attitude of employees leads to a positive
psychological climate in the team. The majority of accidents occur due to the
so-called human factor. With the development of industrial facilities, such as
chemical and petrochemical, has greatly increased the price of errors that a
person can make. The consequences would be devastating not only for the person
who made a mistake, but also for the environment. Different reasons are
encouraged to violation [1]. One of the causes of
injuries is the indifference of leaders and others to violations of safety
regulations requirements. Many violations occur in front of the individual
replaceable supervision, in the presence of co-workers. Many people, hoping
"at random", are seeking to simplify certain labor operations in the
security damage. This leads to injury. Many people neglect the safety rules in
force of habit not to pay attention to such "trifles". Others are
especially for this, since it is advantageous. Whatever it was not a minor, the
person goes on collusion with his conscience and steps over the rules, and how
to ensure safety was not in production. If the offense is coming off a first
time offender with the hands, it will continue and after a while the person
adapts and danger to yourself and violations. It can serve as a driving force
and bravado in front of other staff, and the propensity and risk and banal lack
of discipline [2]. For the most part the cause of injury may be factors
that do not require any on prevention costs. This, above all, does not use
personal protective equipment, including helmets, goggles; insufficient
lighting; mud, slippery floors, stairs and landings. Sometimes injuries occur
where they should not exist. You do not need something new to invent,
everything is available in the current rules and safety standards, you only
need to comply with them, do not pass by the violations, monitor the
serviceability aids to ensure the safety, strictly control the use of personal
protective equipment. «But there are cases where a high percentage of employees
with many years of work are observed among the injured, which is relying on
their experience, too self-confident, accustomed to danger. Occupational health identifies possible causes of
occupational accidents, occupational diseases, accidents, explosions, fires,
and developing a system of measures and requirements in order to eliminate
these causes and creation of safe and favorable for the employee working conditions.
The rational organization of the workplace allows for optimal planning of its
degree of mechanization and automation, the choice of the person working
posture and position of controls, instruments, materials. The optimum layout provides convenience
when working, saving time and effort working, the correct use of production
facilities, ensuring safe working conditions. For normal operation of plants it is
necessary to ensure a comfortable climate in the workplace for the production
staff, acceptable levels of noise and vibration, high-quality natural and
artificial lighting. Violation of the requirements of the rules and regulations
imposed on the workplace adversely affects productivity and can be the cause of
occupational diseases and injuries [5].
To ensure the
safety of an activity such problems should be solved, such as: the
establishment of the negative impact of the environment; protection from the
dangers and prevention of adverse effects on human factors; the elimination of
the negative impacts of hazardous and harmful factors; creating a comfortable
state of the environment. The main focus in the field of occupational safety is
the prevention of the causes and prevention of conditions dangerous situations.
The responsibility for creating a safe working environment shall be the head of
the enterprise. Safety organization at the enterprise aimed at the prevention
of accidents at work and occupational diseases, maintaining health and ensuring
employee satisfaction. At the enterprise level the proper organization of
safety means reducing the costs is associated with the release of employees
from work duties due to illness and increase production efficiency. Analysis of
the causes of accidents at work is carried out in order to develop measures for
their elimination and prevent [2].
With such a
wealth of information on specific cases of injuries occurring in specific
production conditions necessary for counting the number of working days lost
due to occupational injuries per 1000 waste man hours, researchers are now able
to calculate the risk of injury from the perspective of the establishment of
occupational injuries coefficients that helps to establish the scope and
magnitude of the problem and determine the level of injury, which helps to
identify the relative degree of risk faced by workers in certain conditions,
some categories. The results of calculations and comparisons of data allow
researchers to identify a number of new challenges, contributing to further
development of the overall situation; set priorities; formulate possible
directions for further research and track new trends in the development
environment that enables an overall assessment of the effectiveness of
prevention programs. The results of observations of the number of workplace
injuries and deaths allow researchers to plan and carry out basic research,
aimed at identifying how the causes and attendant circumstances of occupational
accidents and, ultimately, to develop methods and ways to prevent these
phenomena. In addition, the observations received during the information serves
an important social function, raising the risk of the bar for those who risk
himself, who manages other risks, policy makers and anyone acting on behalf of
the general public. It points at the same time on those problem areas that need
increased attention and require additional sources of funding for research and
development of preventive measures [3]. Thus,
according to information, the Labor Inspection Department of Akimat of Zhambyl
region 60 accidents happened at work in 2014 in the organization, in which 74
people were injured. Special investigations are reported in 63 accidents
Therefore, to ensure safety
in production is very important, so the event on this subject should ideally be
combined with specific actions of people in their workplace, with a
corresponding process. Compliance with the basic rules should not produce additional
burden on the workers, to cause any inconvenience to interfere with work
operations and lower income workers and their production. Ensuring safety in
production is achieved in a simple way; we need only know a few simple rules. In
any case the most basic thing it is not considered as a simple collective sum
of its constituent individuals. It is
not necessary to do so because individual behavior can change dramatically in a
team. Forming a collective point of view, you need all the time to combine the impact
on the team as a whole and the impact on individual members. Achieve ensure
safety in production is possible, but you need to put the task. The challenge
is that you need to make sure that absolutely all employees were interested in
fulfilling the requirements of the rules and regulations on labor protection [4].
Bibliography:
1. Labor Code of the Republic of
Kazakhstan from 25.11.2015, № 415-V
3. Magazine "Labor protection.
Kazakhstan "№
1-12 – 2014-2015 -
JSC" International center of financial and economic development of
Kazakhstan. "
4. Textbook "Safety, health
and sanitary conditions on building sites", ILO, Mezhdunarondnoe Labour
Office, Geneva, 2005
5. Dildabek D.S.,
Zhaylaubaev J.J., Zharymkasymova D.O.
Hozhabekov M.H. "The adverse effects of noise
on the human body" 24 volume MATERIALS OF XI INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND
PRACTICE CONFERENCE CONDUCT OF MODERN SCIENCE-2015 November 30 - December7, 2015.
Technical sciences of physics.
52-58 p.