Melnychuk P. M.

Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia

Methods to reduce the incidence of inflammatory complications and their treatment in dental implantation

Dental implantation is today – a progressive method of rehabilitation of patients with partial and complete edentulism. Despite the widespread use of dental implants, the number occurring inflammatory complications (peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis) is not decreasing but increasing, therefore decreasing the frequency of complications is an actual problem dentistry [4,8,9].

Risk factors for development of complications are divided into General: Smoking, status after radiation and chemotherapy, systemic disease (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, immunodeficiency States), local: poor level of oral hygiene, periodontal disease, design and processing quality transgingival part of the implant [7]. According to the analysis of the research in recent years, due to the occurrence of pathological changes in the tissues surrounding the implant, cases of adverse outcomes range from 4% to 12% or more [6].

Almost all the authors in varying degrees, affect the hygienic care of the oral cavity during implantation, agree that individual dental hygiene, implants and superconstructor has a significant impact on the stability of the artificial pillars, and its quality determines the life of the implant and the likelihood of inflammation around it. Program of care for the oral cavity after prosthetics on implants based on the individual characteristics of the abutments, the structure of the jaws and dentition.

Definitely training in the use of such additional funds as superfloss hygiene, interdental brushes, monopikovye toothbrushes, irrigators.

Professional hygienic measures, which is an integral component of rehabilitation of the oral cavity when dental implants become even more important due to the fact that they help reduce the risk of complications and ensure the long term success of implantation. Studies various influences on the zone of implantation used in professional oral hygiene, carried out on the basis of the Republican stomatologic polyclinics of Ufa showed high efficiency of the combined method of prevention of dental peri-implantitis. It implies a hardware method of ultrasonic removal of hard dental deposits with the joint application of techniques Perio-Flow and Plasmolifting [1,2,4,5]. The research shows the advantages of the combination of these influences over their use individually. The application of this design in the complex supportive periodontal therapy may contribute to the prevention of inflammatory complications and increase the service life of structures based on dental implants [4].

A comprehensive treatment of periimplantitis preferably carried out in two stages. The first step is patient teaching the rules of hygiene care for the oral cavity with special emphasis on peri-implant zone and superconstructions on implants. Made professional hygiene, antibacterial and immunocorrective therapy. When holding antibacterial therapy it is necessary to consider the dominant role parodontology pathogens in the etiology of peri-implantitis. Optimal scheme for elimination and correction of dysbiotic conditions of the mouth that lead to the development of inflammatory-destructive process around the implant includes the use of antibiotics Amoxiclav, or, according to recent studies, antibiotics ciprofloxacin and spore probiotic biosporin [7]. During the correction of immune disorders traditionally used immunomodulator cycloferon, also, studies demonstrate the high efficiency of Roncoleukin [7]. The second stage is the elimination of the peri-implant pockets by flap surgery conducted according to the standard Protocol: purification of superconstructor from soft plaque and hard dental deposits, the removal of the edge of the epithelium, granulation tissue and hypertrophic part of the gums with a laser. Reconstruction of lost bone tissue is carried out according to the method of targeted tissue regeneration and use of the material "Bio-Oss"with the addition of platelet autologous plasma [1,2,3,5,9].

Conclusion. Compliance with the rules of individual hygiene of an oral cavity, timely and regular holding of professional events aimed at maintaining the health of periodontal tissues, recording of risk factors significantly reduce the incidence of inflammatory complications after dental implantation. Complex treatment with application of modern methods contributes to a favorable outcome in the event of peri-implantitis.

The list of references.

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