Perestoronina A.
Bashkir
State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF DENTOFACIAL ANOMALIES
THE TEMPORO-MANDIBULAR JOINT
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most
active of human joints. The complexity of the anatomical structure and
biomechanics accounts for the high frequency of its dysfunction. Diseases of
the TMJ can act as a launcher and supporting factors in the development of systemic
pathology. Dental anomalies can cause
pathological changes in the TMJ [1,3,4,8].
From 78.3% to 95.3% of patients with disorders of occlusion have some
form of TMJ dysfunction [2]
Basic research aimed at identifying abnormalities
in the TMJ: occlusivity, x-ray and graphic methods of research
(orthopantomography (OPG)), teleradiography of the head (TRH) in the lateral
projection, and computed tomography (CT) of the temporomandibular joint or TMJ
sonography), axiography, electromyography, revatropate, monoarthritis,
articulators and their use for the diagnosis and remediation of occlusion, EMG
of the masticatory muscles from both sides, MRI (to determine the relationship
of the anatomical elements of the temporomandibular joint [3].
Additional methods of research of a condition of
TMJ tissues (CT, MRI) in patients with clinical manifestations of dysfunction
recommended after evaluation of the extent to 16 morphological changes of the
articular structures on the basis of imaging and the predictive formula. The
treatment of such patients should be carried out taking into account the
severity or risk of development of morphological changes in the TMJ structures.
Beam diagnostics TMJ must include x-ray (TMG, CT) and norethandrolone
(ultrasound, MRI) research methods [3,7].
The most characteristic clinical manifestations
of the disease are: pain and sound phenomena in the field of TMJ contractures
(inflammatory and non-inflammatory Genesis). [4,6].
At the
time of diagnosis in the joint clinic the number of measurements and sampling
records all the sensations in the joints (discomfort, clicking, pain, deviation
of the jaw when opening and closing), the difference in sensation in the right
and left joint. Often orthodontist, in addition to the manual functional
analysis, conducts a visual assessment: posture, symmetry of shoulder girdle,
shoulder blades, hip bone structures, etc., performs the necessary samples,
photos. According to the results of possible appointment for a consultation
with an osteopath or chiropractor for joint patient management. The treatment
plan also can be connected related professionals (orthopedic surgeon,
periodontist)[1, 5].
More than 67% of patients with disorders of the
teeth occlusion and dentition have different pathology, TMJ, and more than 78%
of patients with disorders of the TMJ are various disorders of the teeth
occlusion and teeth row, which confirms the fact that the pathology of the TMJ
in the majority of patients is associated with impaired occlusion. Occlusal and
muscular factors are interrelated: the discoordination of the functions of the
masticatory muscles increases joint pathology, and arose in the joint
amendments strengthen the dysfunction of the muscles. Changes in the
masticatory apparatus will introduce to dysfunction of the masticatory muscles
and impaired functions of both the articular joints. Long-existing increased
load on the TMJ tissue leads to disruption of blood flow in cartilage,
cartilage loses elasticity, its surface cracks occur, gradually progressing degeneration
of cartilage. Further pathological process goes to the bone structure of the
joint, which leads to various deformations of the lower jaw head. At the same
time the pathology of the TMJ not associated with the occlusion, the
progression of the disease, leads to disruption of the synchrony of movement
articular heads, and their offset and formation of pathological bite. Thus, a
vicious circle: occlusion lead to pathology of the TMJ, which in turn leads to
a change in head position of the mandible and malocclusion.
List of
used literature.
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О.Г., Акатьева Г.Г., и др.Детская терапевтическая стоматология. Национальное
руководство. Москва, 2017.
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города Уфы. В сборнике: Проблемы развития современной
науки 2016. С. 232-235.
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С.В., Зубарева А.В. Оценка уровня качества жизни у
пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями //Современные
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И.Р., Маннанова Ф.Ф. Экспресс диагностика нарушений окклюзии и патологии
височно-нижнечелюстного сустава на стоматологическом приеме // Проблемы
стоматологии. 2013. №5. С.39-43.
5.
Долгалев А.А. Комплексная диагностика окклюзионных нарушений зубных рядов
у пациентов с патологией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава // Вестник
новых медицинских технологий. 2008. №2. С. 227.
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оказания ортодонтической помощи студентам Уфы //Стоматология.
2017. Т. 96. № 6-2.
С. 105-106.
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Л.А. Оптимизация диагностики и лечения больных с синдромом болевой дисфункции
височно-нижнечелюстного сустава: дис. ... канд./д-ра медицинских
наук, Саратов, 2014г
8. Смолянинов
С.И., Гинзбург В.Э., Камышев С.С.Влияние анатомо-физиологических прикуса на
функциональное состояние височно-нижнечелюстного сустава//Теоретические и
прикладные аспекты современной науки..№7-6.2015 С53-56
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dysfunction in dental practice // Russian Open Medical Jurnal. 2012.
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