Master of Arts Velikaya O.V.
Baitursynov state-run university of Kostanay
FORMATION OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE AT A
UNIVERSITY
Modern world processes of integration and
globalization reduce to increase of intensity of contiguity of different states
and cultures. As it stands coordination on the basis of tolerance is one of the
most important aspects of building of positive relationships with other ethnic
groups’ representatives.
Modern conceptions about tolerance’s role as a factor,
which strengthen civil peace and protect the justice, were in general formed
due to activity of philosophers of 16-17 centuries, who were famous by their
overt actions against submission and cruel religious conflicts. Due to UNESCO’s
efforts last decades the conception of tolerance became the international term,
the most important keyword in the world range of problems. In scientific
literature the tolerance is viewed, first of all, as respect and equality’s acceptance,
cancellation of dominance and violence, recognition of catholicity and
diversification of human culture, rules, religious beliefs, and cancellation of
repartition from diversification to uniformity or predominance of any one point
of view.
The problem of tolerance in up-to-day world is not
abstract, but thread human daily
routine deeply, being the most urgent property for personality’s development.
The cultivation of tolerance in educational field is necessary condition of
development of harmonious personality. The establishment and application in
educational institutions of all levels scientific, educational and
developmental programs which are aimed at formation of deliberate attitude to
tolerance as the most important value of society, the education of cultural
dialogue becomes one of the most important tasks of modern higher school. Being the significant institution of socialization the
university aimed at not only form the system of knowledge and occupational
skills, but also influence on the students’ personality, upgrade the level of
their social competence and culture. That is why the development of tolerance
must be one of foreground tasks. In addition the student’s age is an important
stage of ethnic self-determination’s formation. Consequently, the influence of
ethnic stereotypes and purposes at this stage can be more effective. The
inclusion of the universities of Kazakhstan in Bologna Process will result
inevitable the intensification of interethnic contacts, and, consequently the formation
of tolerance’s purposes is the most urgent issue in particular at this modern
stage of development. It makes sense to carry out work at university in order
to the following directions: students’ orientation for understanding of values,
both native culture, and others, delivering of necessary information about
tolerance and intolerance, display’s forms in interethnic connection, formation
of conceptions about appearance and attaching in public awareness of different
forms of ethnic stereotypes and race and ethnicity’s direction discrimination,
formation of knowledge about diverse cultures and psychological peculiarities
of their representatives.
The arrangement of activity, which has a task to
educate university’s students, dictates the necessity of inclusion of such
component as the development of cross-cultural competence of youth in the
content of educational training in general. The solution of this problem covers
urgent issues of society and education, because nowadays there is need for the
man, who is able to understand not only his own culture, but also other
cultures, the culture of humanity in general. The tasks, mentioned above, can
be implemented at university in diverse organizational forms: from the
inclusion of information, which demonstrates the necessity of tolerance in
modern society in syllabus, to arrangement of specific educational training.
The modern society’s goal consists in the following.
To develop positive attitude of youth to representatives of diverse
ethnicities, wish to interpret the world around as ethnic and religious
diversification. Thereby, appraisal and taking into account student’s place as
the most dynamic, mobile and well-educated part of youth must be one of the
mainstream of state national policy’s implementation. Such approach will
promote elaboration of package dedicated to formation of civil and cultural
self-determination concerning youth of different nationalities. Its positive
purposes have to contain the conceptions about unity of different ethnicities
and nations of multiethnic Kazakhstan, strengthening of Kazakhstan’s identity,
unity of youth of different nationalities, seamlessness of nationwide interests
and civic rights concerning ethno-cultural reservation, strengthening of
international concordance and civic peace.
For this purposes an academic subject named “Culture
of international conversation” can be implemented at university. Moreover it
would be useful to practice workshop for students and teachers on the subject
“Tolerance as the basis of megalopolis’ life”, in addition round work table on
the issue: “Application of tolerance’s purpose in educational work”, scientific
conferences concerning history of international interethnic relationships, and
other urgent issues, among them are: Culture of international conversation in
21 century: the role of the students”, “Methods of international conflicts’
prevention in youth’s environment in conditions of modern intergovernmental
political and military conflicts” etc., arrangement of students’ contests
dedicated to history and civil education (not only competitions, but also
dialogue of participants and guests, discussion of issues of interethnic and
interdenominational tolerance within the scope of contest). There also can be
creation of teamwork with students and teachers. Their activity can be intended
for research works, learner’s guide concerning the tolerance’s problems,
history of different folks and their mutual living and cultural development
within the limits of one territory, custom and practice’s research. It would be effective to practice the holding of
trainings, business games and RPG aimed at upbringing of interpersonal
attitudes in a spirit of interethnic and interdenominational tolerance.
So, the formation of ethnic tolerance in the sphere of
university’s educational activity is a critical goal of modern society. The
solution of this problem is closely connected with necessity of formation of
system concerning the development of tolerance’s adoption by students’ society.
Literature
1. Asmolov A.G. Tolerance: from utopia to reality//On the way of
tolerance’s awareness. M., 2000.
2. Roshupkin V.G. Cross-cultural education of the student, teacher to be:
diagnostics, formation. M., 2006.