D.e.s
Dulambaeva R.T.
Ashimova
E.N.
Kazakh
National University named by Al-Farabi, Kazakhstan
The analysis of realization of the “Akbulak” water supply and disposal program in Kazakhstan
A program on
providing the population with qualitative drinking water and water disposal
services “Akbulak”,which was worked out for the period of 2011-2020, is being
implemented in the country at present. In it the strong accent is put on a
prevention of pollution of water sources by crude sewage,activization of the
principles of public-private partnership-a stage by stage transfer of 20
enterprises with a municipal form of ownership on a public-private partnership
model is provided.
The target
indicators of the program “Akbulak” are as follows:
-to provide
access to the centralized water supply in the rural area for 80% for the total
number of rural settlements and 100% of towns;
- to provide
access to the centralized water disposal in the rural area for 20% for the
total number of rural settlements,provided with the centralized water supply
and 100% of towns;
-to bring the
level if the standard treated water in towns;
-to create
specialized water supply and disposal operating organizations in every regional
centre;
-to cover with
water metering devices 100% of cities and 80% of rural settlements;
-to provide the
population with potable water supply 24 hours a day;
-to improve
laws,regulations, and technical recources in the sphere of water supply and
disposal;
-to use at
maximum the subcurface water potential to provide the population with potable
water;
-to create a
system of monitoring of water supply and disposal systems.
The mass of the water sector is being
updated. "By 2017, 90 percent of all the cities will be equipped with the
central water supply,more than 30 municipal circuits will be reconstructed" said the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan
Nazarbayev in "Nur Otan" People's Democratic Party XIV Congress.The
problem of supplying drinking water is critical in the world, and requires
updates and making decisions. In many developing countries (Germany, Denmark,
Sweden) for rural water supplying individual homes equipped with treatment
plants, dug wells and shallow wells are widely used.Kazakhstan has underground
fresh water reserves and has the necessary resources to carry out exploration
work.In the amount of 238 billion tenge will be used for exploration of water
supply and water distribution systems and the study of hydraulic devices.
Currently,33.7 million tenge is being used for 82 municipal water supply
projects and 19 million for 19 municipal wastewater projects.In 2012,102
municipal water supply and wastewater projects, 151 rural water supply and
wastewater projects were realized.21 urban, 63 rural water supply and
wastewater projects are implemented in 2013.Program"Ak Bulak" gives
opportunities to provide everywhere with centralized water supply. In this
case, the development of water supply in rural areas effects for improving the
social and living conditions, health and preventing human disease.
According to the Agency for Construction,
Housing and Utilities,in different regions from 1.5 to 186 thousand people have
been added to the drinking water supply by “Akbulak” program.35 projects are planned
this year in South Kazakhstan region, which help 186 thousand people being
added to the drinking water supply.22 projects were planned for Karaganda in
2012,89 thousand residents of the region got access to water supply,in Kyzyl-Orda region this figure reached 40
thousand people.Within the program of development of water supply "Ak
Bulak" public utilities construction and installation works are carried
out.Nowadays,268 facilities of construction and installation works are carried
out. In addition,in the field of rural water supply and water distribution 142
project documentation is being prepared in the amount of 982 001 thousand
tenge.Last 4 years in Atyrau region providing drinking water rised from 44% to
96%.
"Ak Bulak" program in order to
ensure effective implementation of a new systematic approach is taken to
conduct a survey in accordance with the investment, customers (local
authorities), taking into account the introduction of new resource-saving and
energy-efficient technologies, according to the results of the investment study
design question of the development of construction documents. Localities and
regions, taking into account the long-term development of the rationale for the
investment determines the priority of the implementation of investment
projects.Within "Ak Bulak - 2020"program developing a single policy
to improve the water supply system. Thanks to the implementation of the program
significantly improved the standard of living in the village. High-quality
drinking water will improve the living standards of the people.
References:
1.Kasymbekov
Zh.K.,Asanbekov B.A. The analysis of realization of the program “Potable water”
in Kazakhstan.Scientific review “Research and results”,Almaty,”University of
agriculture”,2007,p 20-23.
2.The program
“Akbulak”for 2011-2020,Astana,2010.
3.www.kzvkp.kz,The
Committee for the Construction,Housing and Utilities and Land Management of the
Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan,”Kazakh
Vodokanalproekt”JCS
4.The report for
the Committee for Water Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture of the
Republic of Kazakhstan on the realization of the program “Akbulak” for
2011,Astana,2012.