Economic sciences / 6. Marketing and management

Isentaev A.D., Cand.Econ.Sci. Baranova N.A.

A. Baitursynov Kostanay state university, Kazakhstan

BASIC APPROACHES TO DETERMINATION ESSENCE OF RESERVE MANAGEMENT

In the process of organizing business before now faces a number of issues, and including literacy reserve management. The main objective of reserve management is to invest in these funds so, to achieve strategic business objectives. Reserves are created in the industry, and in retail trade, and in wholesale trade and in all other sectors, enterprises of any form of property. Without reserves cannot do any one company [1].

Consider the definition of inventory positions with different authors. According Mishulina O.V., reserves are inventory holdings, intended to be used, but is currently not used, waiting receipt in the process of production or personal consumption [2]. Raimbekov J.S. and Sabden O. claim, the material reserves is a material production, waiting entry into the production process of consumption, for sale or personal consumption [3].

However, most common definition is Peresvetova Y.V., whereby under material reserves understood in different stages of production and circulation production and technical purposes, national consumption products and other goods, waiting entry into the process of personal consumption or production.

Thus, material reserves are both in production and in the sphere of circulation. Reserve concept permeates all areas of material production, as the material flow in the path of the primary source of raw materials to the final consumer can accumulate in the form of a reserve by any stretch. As a result in the transformation of raw materials into the final product and the subsequent promotion of the product to the end user produces two main types of reserves:

-industrial reserves;

-reserves supply and marketing.

Everyone divided into three types:

-current reserves;

-insurance reserves;

-seasonal reserves (рicture 1) [4].

Picture 1.The main types of reserves

It should be noted that the material reserves of the enterprise must be managed. Reserve management should be considered from the point of view of process, system and situational approaches. Process approach considers inventory management, as to ensure the smooth process control, monitoring, and maintenance of determining the optimum size of the enterprise inventory. Process approach to reserve management, allowing managers to identify and manage key processes and performance units, controlling and maintaining stock levels at the appropriate indicator, also often integrate disparate action functional units.

According to the reserve management system approach is seen as a set of interrelated elements, complex models and methods for optimizing reserve resources in storage and designed to meet the demand for these resources. The essence of this approach is to separate the process of reserve management elements, but in general is a unified system in which the interaction of all the elements, systems, models and methods aimed at improving reserve management.

Situational approach used in reserve management to ensure the required level of service through the predetermination, flexibility and adaptation of reserve supply services organization. Speaking about this approach, the company's management is based on predestination preceding events, which will have a direct impact on the level of reserves that makes supply services to adapt and be flexible as to determine the exact level of required reserve stocks in an unstable timing of orders, a volatile demand for goods and materials quite difficult.

Thus, inventory management is to establish moments and order volumes to fill their distribution and newcomer party on downstream links of the supply chain. Replenish inventory levels depends on factors direct impact, namely:

- fluctuations in demand for relevant goods;

- ineffective logistics inventory management system;

- undesired operation suppliers reserve;

- absence teamwork between units manufacturing and supply services [5].

Effective reserve management allows an organization to meet or exceed customers' expectations, creating such reserves each product that maximizes the net profit [6].

Literature:

1. Denisov A.L., Dyuzhenkova N.V. Organization of business: reserve management. - Tambov: Publisher Tambov State Technical University, 2007. – 80 p.

2. Mishulina O.V. Management of expenses and pricing: Textbook. - Кostanay: QSU of name A.Baitursynov, 2008. – 168 p.

3. Raimbekov J.S. Sabden O. Logistics: economics and management. – Almaty: KN MON RK, 2009. - 911 p.

4. Peresvetov Y.V. Material management. Logistical principles. - Moscow: Publishing INFRA-M, 2006. – 46 p.

5. Yampolckaya D., Zonic M. Management. - Moscow: Publishing house «Eksmo-Press», 2004. - 359 p.

6. Fraybfeder J. Effective reserve management. - Moscow: Alpina Business Books, 2006. – 304 p.