“Педагогические  науки”/3.Методические основы воспитательного про­цесса

 

 

SPIRITUALLY – MORAL EDUCATION THROUGH THE "SELF-KNOWLEDGE" SUBJECT

 

Kalmaganbetova N.T.

Undergraduate course 1 of the

Karaganda State University named after E.A Buketov

 

Be, become the person

 

In the Message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 2012 among priority tasks the question of high-quality growth of the human capital in the country is defined.

"Patriotism, norms of morals and moral, international consent and tolerance, physical and spiritual development, law-abiding. These values have to take root in all educational institutions, irrespective of form of ownership" - N. A. Nazarbayev calls us, Kazakhstan citizens. Questions of moral development, education, improvement of the person excited society always and at all times. Today the whole world is in search of new educational programs in development of universal values. In the Convention of the UN on the rights of the child the right for full moral development" is designated ". The moral is internal spiritual qualities by which the person from early age, ethical standards, the rules of behavior determined by these qualities has to be guided. Who as not the teacher having possibility of influence on education of the child has to give to this problem the major role in the activity. And for this reason the purpose of the teacher is to acquaint the child with the principles of morals and ethics, to form moral representations and concepts.

Moral education - the process directed on formation and development of the complete identity of the child, also assumes formation of its relation to the Homeland, society, collective, people, to work, the duties and to itself. The problem of moral education consists in that teachers turned socially necessary requirements of society into internal incentives of the identity of each child, such as a debt, honor, conscience, advantage. The national education system is focused on development of personal potential of younger generation, formation in children and youth of humane belief and experience of moral behavior through comprehension of such universal values, as love, good, truth, beauty, moral, spirituality. Implementation of the project of moral and spiritual education the "Self-knowledge" which author is the First lady of the Republic of Kazakhstan Sara Alpyskyzy became the practical solution of this task.

"Self-knowledge" is the unique subject possessing invaluable spiritual treasures familiarizing to which do each person spiritual and moral, happy and joyful, kind and wise. At the heart of the program - development of moral and spiritual qualities of children taking into account their specific features. The task of transition is set for professional pedagogical community of the country from the concept of functional preparation for the concept of development of the harmonious personality.

S. A. Nazarbayeva notes: "Children, their present and the future is our general care. All of us and each of us separately bear responsibility for what choice will make our sons and daughters – whether they will go the good road, whether they will bring benefit to people, to help weak, to live in harmony with world around, to create and create, or will follow a destruction way. Self-knowledge lessons, Love lessons" will help them to make a right choice.

The spirituality making bases of the subject "Self-knowledge", is expressed in unity of three main measurements – intellectual, ethical and esthetic. Lessons lean on the best examples of spiritual heritage of mankind. Them often call lessons of popular wisdom. Pupils carry out the analysis of the inner world and give an assessment of own activity, look for exits out of limits own "I", comprehend, study, analyze the thoughts, words and acts. At the same time they improve the merits and overcome the negative. Also pupils creatively approach to the personality: these lessons are focused on receiving reliable knowledge of for further self-development and self-realization. Finally pupils receive exhaustive determination of such supreme human values, as good, beauty, freedom, meaning of the life, truth, a worthiness of the person, a worthy way of life, moral as a whole.

Feature of lessons of "Self-knowledge" is that on occupations frank dialogue is carried on with the teacher, in social role-playing games and trainings the world of human relationship is investigated, there is an exchange of vital supervision, skills of practical service to the Homeland, society develop. The idea of integration is concluded in the subject of self-knowledge. About it it is spoken in State standard of RK in the subject "Self-knowledge": "... In modern world educational space the special attention is paid to formation at youth of a complete picture of the world, to awakening of interest to spirituality, moral... The integrated subject "Self-knowledge", urged to carry out a key role in educational space of the Kazakhstan school, lays the foundation of humanistic outlook. All other educational areas become part of complete humanitarian knowledge. . " The problem of moral education started exciting me since I began to work at school when felt huge responsibility for the pupils.

Throughout all the pedagogical activity I carry out educational work through system of lessons and system of out-of-class work. In recent years – and at "Self-knowledge" lessons.

Theoretical base of my experience are works A.M. Arkhangelsk, N.M. Boldyrev, A.S.Makarenko, V.A.Sukhomlinsky, Yu.K.Babanskogo, S. L. Rubenstein, etc. which reveal essence of the basic concepts of moral education, the principles, the contents specify, forms and methods of moral education. Novelty of experience is that pedagogical conditions provide efficiency of educational activity of school students, promote disclosure and development of spiritual and moral qualities of school students, such as: responsibility, goodwill, independence, thrift, love to the nature, politeness, accuracy and others. Including the child in different types of activity, most to develop independence in all its manifestations. Working over a problem of moral education of younger school students, I consider their age and psychological features: tendency to game; impossibility long to be engaged in monotonous activity; insufficient clearness of moral representations in connection with brief life experience.

Important source of accumulation of moral knowledge is acquaintance of children to environment: excursions in the nature from time to time years, backpacking’s together with parents, visit of places of work of parents.

School of moral education are excursions in the nature. These excursions give the chance to me to cultivate feeling of the owner of the edge, the patriot, careful attitude to the nature. In order that the ethical standards received at lessons, and own vital supervision weren't separate, I carry out the special work connected with generalization of gained knowledge, in the form of stories, ethical conversations. In education of moral qualities play reading and analysis of articles large role, in summary I want to provide I. Kant's well-known words: "Two things fill soul always with new and more and more strong surprise and awe, than more often and more for a long time we reflect on them — this star sky over me and the moral law in me".

 

Literature
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