Мигович Сергей Михайлович, аспирант,
Тверезовская
Нина Трофимовна, доктор педагогических наук, профессор кафедры социальной
педагогики и информационных технологий в образовании, Национального университета
биоресурсов и природопользования Украины
Formation of Information and Technological Skills as Basis for Training
of Highly Skilled Production Engineers of an Agrarian Sector.
Introduction. According to the requirements of
modern society in highly qualified agrarian specialists’ training the
continuous search for the factors based on application of forms, ways and
methods of training, providing the increase of students’ knowledge level has
been taking place for the purpose of formation of information and technological
skills of future technologists in agrarian sector. Economic growth and the
Internet resources open new prospects for introduction of network technologies
in the higher education in order to form information and technological skills
of students. It is caused by increased requirements to the communicative and
information competences of a person, to professional mobility of specialists’
growth.
Psychological
and pedagogical features of information and communication technologies using in
the course of training are being investigated by V. Bykov,
B. Gershunsky, M. Guolowan, M. Zhaldak, N. Tverezovskaya,
Yu. Zhuk, V. Lapinsky, P. Malanyuk, I. Markhel,
N. Morse, G. Zhabeeva, etc. However, in training of the students
specialized in "The technology of production and processing of animal
husbandry products", it’s not paid enough attention to the development of
information and technological abilities.
Exposition of the basic material. The
analysis of the industry standard of the higher education of Ukraine, of the
educational and professional program and of the educational and qualification
characteristics of branch of knowledge "Agriculture and forestry"
training for "The technology of production and processing of animal
husbandry products", confirmed by the Decree of the Ministry of Education
and Science of Ukraine (14.03.2011 No. 224), shows that the students who have
finished studying of the standard part of the cycle must know: bases of
technologies of forage crops cultivation, various systems and ways of the
agricultural animals maintenance, technologies of feeding, keeping,
reproduction, and breeding of different species of agricultural animals, and
also they have to know organization of pre-slaughtering preparation and
slaughter of different species of agricultural animals, main technological
stages of processing of animal husbandry products. The student has to be able:
to plan and to organize technological process of production and processing of
cattle, pigs, sheep, rabbits, birds, other species, to carry out the analysis
of economic activity of an enterprise; to keep primary account of material
values, basic assets, labour, to provide actions on animals’health
preservation, estimation of feeding standards, an assessment of quality of
animal husbandry products.
The cycle of
vocational and practical training includes disciplines of "A basis of
professional activity", "Technology of animal reproduction",
"Labor protection", "Feeding of animals and forages
technology", "Animal husbandry", "Animal hygiene",
"The production technology of poultry farming products", "The
production technology of sheep breeding products", "Horse
breeding", "The milk and beef production technology", "The
production technology of pig-breeding products", "Economy and
accounting in animal husbandry", "Management and marketing in animal
husbandry", "Health and safety", "Technology of processing
of animal husbandry products", "Biotechnology", "The
production of beekeeping products".
While
studying of previously mentioned disciplines, the standard tasks of activity
are carried out, such as collecting, systematization and the analysis of
scientific information on resources for ensuring stable highly effective
production of animal husbandry. At the same time the researching production functions
are being formed.
The
accomplishment of such activity demands for those skills among students:
1.
to carry out by using keywords in a certain area
based on professionally focused sources (printing and electronic), applying the
corresponding methods:
-
search for new text information;
-
search for new graphic, audio and video
information;
-
the analysis and summing up of materials and
making conclusions aimed at the obtaining of improvement of activity quality in
this area.
2.
by using information technologies and foreign
information on electronic media, including CD ROM carriers and the Internet, to
create, analyze, and summarize the databases, to define the perspective ways of
improvement of technological process of production and processing of animal
husbandry products;
3.
by using software products, to create databases
and to use them in professional activity;
4.
by applying various information effectively;
5.
by using reference books and modern electronic
computer facilities, a specialist has to be able to perform the tasks connected
with feeding of agricultural animals, breeding, primary animal husbandry
account and with technological calculations in animal husbandry.
Having
carried out the analysis of the industry standard of the higher education of
Ukraine, the educational and professional program and educational and
qualification characteristics of branch of knowledge "Agriculture and a
forest area" training for "The technology of production and
processing of animal husbandry products", standard and working training
programs of the disciplines "Feeding of animals and technology of
forages", "Obstetrics, gynecology and biotechnology of animal
reproduction", "Technology of animal reproduction", "Animal
husbandry account and automated control systems in animal husbandry", they
are professional at the Faculty of the
Production Technologies and Processing of Animal Husbandry Products,
Standardization and Biotechnologies of Mykolayiv National Agrarian University,
having taken into account constant increase of the Internet recourse, growth of
the economy demand for the communicative and information competences of future
specialists, growth of importance of professional mobility, we can make a
conclusion working out the industry standard they didn’t consider information
and technological skills which are major at the present stage of society
development are one of the main components of activity of the specialists. The
considered knowledge and skills don't correspond to modern requirements of society
in training of highly skilled production engineers of an agrarian sector.
We consider
it reasonable to bring in the industry standard of the higher education of
Ukraine, the educational and professional program and educational and
qualification characteristics of branch of knowledge "Agriculture and a
forest area" training for "The technology of production and
processing of animal husbandry products" such tool skills, as work with
the modern multiplex computer equipment, work in computer networks, uses of
Internet resources, ability to collect and analyze information in a network,
ability to use network dictionaries and glossaries, the interactive computer
focused tutorials, to use such network resources as technology a web 2.0,
online tests, conference on-line, chats, possibilities of social services,
blogs.
In The
Conception of State target products "On animal husbandry for the period
till 2020" it is noted that "the system of selection existing in a
present legal framework in animal husbandry in some parameters (system of
collection of information, methodology of an assessment of breeding value of
animals, carrying out the accounting of efficiency of animals, support
mechanisms from the state, etc.) doesn't suit to the international
standards", and also that "the condition of selection and breeding
work conducting in animal husbandry is characterized now by the following
problems:
-
lack of functioning of modern system of animal
husbandry selection;
-
imperfection of information technologies for
carrying out monitoring, in-time control and coordination in conducting
selection and breeding in animal husbandry".
The
mentioned Concept provides to carry out the solution of these problems by
"ensuring functioning of uniform system of selection in animal husbandry functioning
the breeding account, an assessment of animals on quality of posterity and
other signs, formation of information database on breeding ... creation of
effective organizational structure of collecting and processing of selection
information, improvement of ways and means of their state support in particular
".
Thus,
importance of use of advanced information technologies for "the breeding
account, an assessment of animals", and also "formation of
information database on breeding business" are emphasized.
According to
Art. 1 of the Law of Ukraine "About breeding in animal husbandry",
"the breeding account is the definition and entering into information
databases (the automated systems of documents on breeding business) by the
subjects of breeding in animal
husbandry of data on an origin, productivity, type and other qualities of
animals for the purpose of conducting breeding in animal husbandry". Art.
11 of the same Law establishes that "The state registration of subjects of
breeding in animal husbandry, breeding and under control animals... it is
carried out for the purpose of formation of the information automated databases
of breeding (genetic) resources.
According to
the mentioned requirements, application of modern computer programs and the
automated information systems in animal husbandry which not only allow to
resolve the current issues of selection and breeding work, but also to form
databases in which data on animals collect, to create prerequisites for
functioning further uniform system of selection is extremely actual.
As an
example of formation of information and technological abilities of
technologists students of the agrarian sector we will look through discipline
"the animal husbandry account and automated control systems in animal
husbandry".
The main
objective of this course is studying of filling in rules and use of forms of
the animal husbandry and breeding account, the principles of functioning of the
automated systems of accumulation and data processing and of management of
various technological processes in animal husbandry on their basis. For
realization of it students have to know features of information, structure and
subsystems of automated control systems, and have to be able to organize
rationally collecting, accumulation and saving of primary information, to
create databases by means of tabular processors and to be able to work with
them, to use specialized selection programs and packages of applications, to
create mathematical models for scientific and practical forecasting of results
of selection work in animal husbandry.
When
studying this discipline they develop not only those skills mentioned in the educational and professional program
and educational and qualification characteristics, but also such information
and technological skills as work with the modern multiplex computer equipment,
work in computer networks, uses of Internet resources, ability to collect and
analyze information in a network, ability to use network dictionaries and
glossaries, the interactive computer focused tutorials, to use such network
resources as technology a web 2.0, network online tests, conference on-line,
chats, social services, blogs, remote form of education on the basis of the
modular object-oriented dynamic educational Moodle environment.
The
conducted research allows to make the following conclusions. The development of
modern society demands continuous mastering of new knowledge and skills, in
particular knowing possession of information network technologies defines today
qualification of a specialist of any sphere of activity. In the conditions of
prompt accumulation and of information distribution, the existence of
information and technological skills will allow students to enrich knowledge
acquisition process, to perform informative work own efforts, will increase
their ability to knowledge, will create conditions for self-affirmation of the
personality and for development of practical interest. Formation of information
and technological abilities in the course of training will provide at students
steady installation on creative perception of surrounding reality, ability to
estimate and develop various situations ability to see a problem and to find
some versions of its decision and to that the educational Moodle environment
etc.
The actual
direction of further work is development and modification of the industry
standard of the higher education of Ukraine, the educational and professional
program and educational and qualification characteristics of branch of
knowledge "Agriculture and a forest area of" the preparation
direction "The production technology and processings of production of
animal husbandry" on development such tool abilities, as work with the
difficult modern computer equipment, work as network technologies.
Literature
1.
Омельченко
Т. Г. Использование социальных сервисов Веб 2.0 для проектирования
информационных систем // [сайт]. URL:
http/:www.nbuv.gov.ua/e–journals|ITZN|em12|content|090tgsio.htm.
3.
Освітньо-професійна
програма та освітньо-кваліфікаційна характеристика галузі знань «Сільське
господарство і лісництво» напряму підготовки «Технологія виробництва і
переробки продукції тваринництва». // [сайт]. URL: http://smcae.kiev.ua/osvita/vishia/stondarti/4.3.pdf.
4.
Наказ
«Про затвердження і введення в дію складових галузевого стандарту вищої освіти
з напряму підготовки 6.090102 «Технологія виробництва і переробки продукції
тваринництва»» // [сайт]. URL: http://zakon.nau.ua/doc/?uid=1038.3055.0.
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Концепція
загальнодержавної цільової програми селекції у тваринництві // [сайт]. URL: http://170820.minagro.web.hosting-test.net/page/?9476.
In article
the analysis of the industry standard of the higher education of Ukraine, the
educational and professional program and educational and qualification
characteristics of branch of knowledge "Agriculture and forestry"
training for "The technology of production and processing of animal
husbandry products" is carried out. It is revealed that at while creating
it they didn’t consider the information and technological abilities which are
one of the main components of activity of the expert at the present stage of
development of society. It is recommended to bring in the considered industry
standard such skills, as work with the difficult modern computer equipment and
with network technologies.
Keywords:
industry standard of the higher education of Ukraine, educational and
professional program, educational and qualification characteristics,
information and technological abilities, information technologies.