Psychology and sociology /14.Personnel management

Candidate of philosophical Sciences. N. Igebaeva F. A

Bashkir state agrarian University, Russia

Woman before a choice: family or career?

Abstract: the article is devoted to the eternal feminine question: family or career. Discusses the problems associated with women's choice of his professional career and the obstacles to their creative and professional path.

Keywords: woman, career, professional growth, family, gender inequality, head.

In today's business world more and more women enters in the business sphere, although they would have to spend a lot more effort, time, talent, than men. After all, has long been the custom that men have dominant positions everywhere: they are run by the regions, are Directors of enterprises, heads of production teams. And the woman must provide the back, to deal with family. However, wife, mother, hostess, at some point, begins to realize that something it lacks, it cannot realize the full creative potential inherent in it.

That is why the professional growth of women, try entering them in managerial elite often put them before a choice: career or family. The data of sociological surveys, publications in mass media, as well as self-assessment by women of their aspirations and preferences, clearly indicates that these spheres of life emerged for women as an alternative. A typical women's situation of "two carts" in professional activities and everyday life, some researchers perceived as an example of gender inequality. As evidence, they cite the following reasons for this situation [1, p. 168].

1. In a Patriarchal culture is deeply ingrained idea that a woman, especially a "homemaker". By the way, most women from childhood internalize this norm as part of the awareness of their "femininity", that is gender roles. And, apparently, so the good wives in the family are considered to be a farm girl, brought up on the example of traditional values.

2. According to traditional gender roles, although both sexes are physically able to learn to cook or vacuum, but in most societies there is a view that this should be dealt with exclusively by women. As noted by the American anthropologist M. Mead, "men can cook, to weave, to dress dolls or hunt hummingbirds, but if such classes are considered to be male, then the whole society men and women recognize their important. If the same is done by women, such studies are considered less significant." Gender roles, as the norms of his behavior, both men and women learn in the process of socialization.

3. Sociologist T. Parsons argues that the division of labor between the sexes in the family is justified by the fact that women are biologically more suited to caring for others. That is why their fate – motherhood and "expressive" role.

4. In connection with the industrialization happened, like, a new division of labour in which men "went home" paid work, due to the fact that women are freed from the greater part of household duties, putting on their fragile shoulders "invisible" labor, the care of the house. A "household" has become associated primarily with women [2, p. 136].

Current realities develop in such a way that the woman in the society often faces a choice: family or career. Often women work because they need the money. However, as shown by sociological studies, many women who work because of economic need, would never leave her, even if it suddenly would no longer need the money. As Doyle writes, "money has not only material value, they give their owner the weight and dignity" [7].

Women discovered the truth that men have known for a long time: our society values people and things according to how much he earns" (Doyle, 1983). In other words, many women want to work (or we can say that they need it). Besides statistics show that in our country women with higher and secondary special education much more than men, and this means that wives on average better educated than their husbands. And, of course, the woman receives a higher education does not, in consequence, become a certified housewife, she needs to work in order to realize their potential and opportunities [3, p. 99].

There is a view that women still choose a vocational growth, are subjected to sex discrimination in the labor market. It should also be borne in mind that even those women who do not pose a particularly large family obligations, use in organizations of less power than men. In other words, even if a woman does not have children, even if her husband helps her at home or she can afford to hire a maid, she is still very hard to climb the ladder above the invisible glass ceiling.

Research of the public opinion Foundation also confirmed circulated in Russia point of view – the perception of women as Housewives. So, according to the survey, 65% men and 35% of women under any circumstances will not support women nominated in the public authorities [4, p. 38].

Apparently, this situation has arisen due to the existing in the society of the prejudice that women are emotional and indecisive, i.e., have the highly undesirable quality for a leader. Thus, students specializing in the field of business is credited with women-leaders traits such as gentleness, consideration for people and independence. Other research suggests that these traits are associated with the image of a poor Manager. On the contrary, hard, competitive style of leadership is considered to be peculiar to men [5, p. 388].

Therefore, in this situation the woman must either "break itself" and take is alien to its nature the model of behavior that will certainly affect her lifestyle or to take tremendous efforts to establish in the eyes of the members of your team a special "female" version of the role, or even to abandon leadership ambitions (which often happens). Of course, this turns out to be a loss not only for individual women but also for management systems in General. In this regard, to effectively build business relationships between men and women need to take into account gender features in the team [6, C. 118].

References

1. Zlatin P. A., etc. Ethics of business relationships: a Workshop / ed Slatina. – M.: INFRA-M, 2007. – 252 p.

2. Igebaeva F. A. Socializing function of the family in shaping personal qualities of the child //Actual problems of technical, economic and Humanities. SB. articles of the International scientific-practical conference. – Georgievsk, 2011. – P. 135 – 138.

3. Igebaeva F. A. Behaviour in modern management technologies //prospects of development of modern Russia (economic, social, philosophical, legal aspects): Materials of IV all-Russian scientific-practical conference. – Saratov: publishing house of the "Cube", 2011. Pp. 98 – 100.

4. Igebaeva F. A. Professional career women in the background of "gender inequality" // Modern problems of world science – 2014. The book Strategiczne pytania światowej nauki - 2014 X Materiały międzynarodowej naukowi-praktycznej konferencji. 2014. Pp. 34-40.

5. Igebaeva F. A., Sharipov E. J. Professional women's career and family // Scientific and practical electronic journal NovaInfo.Ru, 2016, T. 2, No. 43, pp. 387-390.

6. Igebaeva F. A. Professional self-realization in the light of gender relations. In the book: Psychology of relationships and human resources in the modern Russian society: tendencies, problems and prospects. Center for applied research. Moscow, 2010, Pp. 117-120.

7. Women's website, "Career and family" [Electronic resource] – access Mode: http://www.inmoment.ru/beauty/love/career-or-family.html