Vladimir E. Abrakitov, Ph.d, prof.; Oleg V. Ustimenko, student

Kharkov national academy of municipal economy. Kharkov, Ukraine

NOISE IN A TRAM КТМ-19КТ

Trams of type КТМ-19КТ have started to arrive in Kharkov after 1/2/2007. It is enough modern model of the car, (but also rather "old", started in manufacture in 1999, deprived, unlike the prototype, the conditioner in salon, of some other "excesses" and carts two-level springing (simple serial cars)).

а) б) в)

Fig. 1 – the Tram of type КТМ on streets of Kharkov: a, c – a kind accordingly in front and behind; b – a photo of driver’s cabin.

The tram 71-619КТ (it is full official name КТМ-19) is adapted for work as by the single car, and as a part of two- or a three-carload train on system of many units. In Kharkov КТМ-19 are used while only as single. The car is calculated on a tram track in width of 1524 mm. It is capable to overcome longitudinal biases to 0,09, extent no more than 1000 m. The frame of a body of the whole welded construction, is collected from steel profiles. The electric scheme consists of power chains, chains of control and auxiliary chains. The power chain and auxiliaries part (heating, glass heater, chains of static converters, heating of sandboxes) supply from a contact network 550 V. Chains of management and a part of auxiliary chains (illumination of the car and route lanterns, dimensional brake lanterns and indexes of turns, door drives and drives of sandboxes, drives of brakes, rail brakes) supply from an onboard source of pressure 24 V. The car salon has 4 rotary doors, 2 of which (forward and back) - one-folding, and two averages - folding. Between averages doors is located a big platform. In salon are established convenient sitting with a soft covering. Natural ventilation is carried out at the expense of folding window leaves.

Fig. 2 - salon of tram КТМ-19.

The car is equipped by an electronic route board.

The Kharkov’s inhabitants love new trams which nowadays in city 10 pieces.

Fig. 3 – Specters of noise in salon of a tram КТМ-19 at its movement in various high-speed modes in a real city cycle on streets of Kharkov

At a trip to the car of the specified type authors had a desire to investigate its acoustic characteristics, - (as it has been made by noise measuring instrument). The specters of noise measured by us in the course of movement (in different modes), are resulted on fig. 3.

On fig. 4 spectra of noise of a tram of type КТМ-19, measured by us at stops are resulted during disembarkation and landing of passengers.

Fig. 4 – Spectra of noise in salon of a tram at its location at stops in the course of movement in a real city cycle on streets of Kharkov.

The analysis of the measured spectra (and especially their comparison to spectra of noise of other types of trams: "Tatra Т-3" and "Tatra Т-6В5") shows that noise in tram KTM-19KT does not exceed standard values therefore in the car supported the acoustic comfort.

The literature:

1. Абракитов В.Э. Шум в салоне трамвая "Tatra T-3". // Materiály V mezinárodní vědecko - praktická konference "Aplikované vědecké novinky - 2009". Díl 7. Ekologie. Zeměpis a geologie. Zemědělstvi. Zvěrolékaŕství: Praha. Publishing House "Education and Science" s.r.o.- 3-5 stran.