Магстрант 2 курса, Калиева А.Е.

Казахский Национальный Университет имени аль-Фараби, Казахстан

Regional economic competitiveness

Competitiveness of national economies to a large extent is due to heterogeneity of economic space and the interaction of regional economies, and the issue of economic competitiveness has significant features in relation to different regions of the country.

The notion of competitiveness in relation to territorial-organized economic systems are often used as a synonym for integrated assessment of socio-economic situation in the region that does not meet the essence of the concept, since the socio-economic status can be assessed independently of the competition. The political and economic justification for joining geographically organized economic systems in the competition and analysis of competitive processes at the meso level of the national economic system is a necessary part of learning the institutional conditions for the formation and development factors of regional competitiveness.

In recent years, many European countries made the transition from the narrow view of economic development for a major set of policies aimed at attracting new businesses, retention of old, networking with other areas, tourism development and attracting foreign investors. A growing number of territories converts its single economic campaign in an elaborated marketing strategy designed for the production of competitive advantage, creating his own behalf, targeting specific customers and the organization of local resources so as to meet the specific needs and desires of the buyer. Since 2006, entered into an entirely new phase in its development, and Kazakhstan, the start which put an initiative of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev voiced in Address to the Nation March 1, 2006: "Strategy of Kazakhstan's 50 most competitive countries in the world."
To achieve this goal should be formed, especially an effective model of territorial organization of the country's economic and competitive specialization of regions. To address these trends by Presidential Decree of Kazakhstan № 167 of 28 August 2006 approved the Strategy of territorial development of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the framework of implementation which aims to ensure sustainable development and creating an enabling environment for the life of the population based on the formation of competitive majors in the regional and global economy, rational spatial organization of economic potential and population settlement. The development of the regions of Kazakhstan is one of the priorities facing the state, as dynamic and competitive regions are a source of growth throughout the country and support a national policy to reduce regional disparities and promote more balanced development.

Time has shown that for the determination of competitive industries and growth points need to define the activities and areas for development. This, above all, develop a set of measures to improve the competitiveness of the economy by modernizing the material structure, high-tech industry development, improve the quality of human capital, etc. In other words, moving forward requires a specific plan of action by local authorities, aimed at improving the competitiveness of the region and the strategic goals. This raises the need to develop a strategy to improve competitiveness and find a place in the national and regional division of labor, especially using a par with the territorial and sectoral spatial competitive factors and benefits. So the next step in achieving sustainable long-term development of regional economies should be to develop a strategy focused on enhancing the competitiveness of the sectors of regional economy, development of competitive advantages and increase the efficiency of public administration.

The main condition for this is the definition of the specialization of regional economies based on the identification of competitive advantages, competitiveness and productivity assessment of economic sectors, as well as identifying areas of innovation and industrial development. The priority should be those areas that will have a multiplier effect and positive influence on the overall socio-economic development of the region. This requires an analysis of the socio-economic development, the possibility of potential areas of positioning in regional and global markets, which in general will reveal the potential of the region's economy and ensure sustainable regional development, as well as a decent standard of living. The solution of regional problems of modernization and diversification of the economy involves the development of basic spatial organization of the territories, which should reflect the dynamic development of economic potential, development of competitive industries in the light of new trends in the global economy.

Today, not so much important resources possessed by the region as the ability of regional authorities and businesses in response to the challenges of the market quickly to adapt existing and develop and create new resources. Therefore, in addition to the use of natural factors, to develop intensively competitive factors, which include the degree of compactness of the industrial and territorial development, favorable concentration of economic and human potential in their places of location, affordability of high quality of life and flexibility of spatial development strategies. The possibility of successfully positioning the region is considered, above all, with a focus on the delivery of medium-and high-tech goods and the provision of a wide range of services - trade and logistics, transportation, information, financial, educational, etc.

At the forefront to make such aspects of territorial development of both the concentration of resources in the field, whose development will contribute to sustainable socio-economic growth in the region as a whole, technological breakthroughs, innovative renewal of the economy, followed by accelerated infrastructure provision and capacity of the business climate. When analyzing the factors of competitiveness of the region as a basis should be taken analysis of the region's economy in the following areas:

· infrastructure (transport, utilities, service, market, etc.);

· the level of manpower, competitive system of professional training. The presence of advanced training programs, relevant trends in the development of regional economy;

· the level of competence of government, their ability to innovate and engage in constructive dialogue with the business community;

· issues of personal security and safety business.

Strategically important to the formation of growth poles, integrated with regional markets through the priority development of urban leaders and core cities, promising industrial and innovative regions, generating the development of new innovative industries.

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