Alkina A.D

Karaganda State Technical University

The advantages of using fiber - optic sensors in constructing of modern information measuring and of diagnostic systems.

A significant technical achievement the late 20th century, in the direction of the efficiency of rail communication systems and increase their capacity has become the development of fiber - optic transmission of information technology and the transition to optical conductors (OC). The obvious advantage of steel a number of technical indicators that were not reachable for a classic guide communication system based on copper conductors. The rapid development of fiber - optic data transmission lines has significantly reduce the cost of their production technology, to ensure their use, and mass to compete with electronic technology, not only in performance but also in economic performance.

Fiber-optic technology penetrated into many areas of science and technology from the 1970s and 1980s, they quickly developed thanks to the telecommunications industry, the commercial market for manufacturers of CD-players, personal copiers and laser printers, combined with a reduction in the cost of optoelectronic components enabled technology fiber optic sensors to reveal their potential in relation to many applications. In the scientific literature, you can find a description of the various fiber optic sensors. In the early 90s, the cost of fiber component, light sources and fiber splitters dropped sharply, and multiplex elements become available for mass use, due to the reasonable price, which began to decline from year to year. On the world, market came many manufacturers, new products, such as integrated optical devices, for which the price was relatively high. With the development of optical technology at the facilities of industrial production formed the need for control and measurement of the new-generation systems with higher technical and metrological characteristics.

Modern fiber-optic sensors (FOS) allow almost any measure of physical quantities. For example, with high precision may determine pressure and temperature, position in space, the rotation and linear motion speed, acceleration, torque, torsion, vibrations, vibration, weight, sound wave pressure, liquid level, deformation, the refractive index of the electric field, the electric current and magnetic field, and various concentrations of gas impurities, radiation dose and so on. g. [1]

Besides high metrological performance, sensors should have high reliability, durability, stability and be compatible with microelectronic devices, information processing at a low labor intensity and low manufacturing cost. These requirements to the greatest extent meet the modern (FOS) [1].

The main elements of the fiber optic sensor is an optical fiber, the light emitting (light sources) and svetopriemnye device, an optical sensor [1]. Demand for sensors with similar characteristics dramatically increased in areas such as mining, aerospace and defense, manufacturing materials, medicine and construction. They are ideal for use in many cases, especially when sensors need to have properties such as light weight, small size, low power, and resistance to environmental effects and electromagnetic interference protection, good performance indicators, corrosion resistance and low cost. Their use will create inside the object optical fiber information systems of measurement parameters and physical quantities, diagnostics of technical condition of the equipment, especially those issues relevant to the mining machines as well as the control of their technical condition to avoid serious accidents and even human sacrifices, as the use of optical fiber It provides a number of significant advantages over traditional electronic measuring systems, particularly at high spark and the explosion in the production of dangerous on the explosion of gas and dust.

Many works of foreign and Russian scientists, the early 21st century are devoted to further improve monitoring, control and technical diagnostics, their work aimed at the use of new advanced tools and techniques based on fiber-optic sensor (FOS). You can highlight some of the important advantages of VOD in relation to traditional electronic:

FOS can be used without any restrictions explosive atmospheres, intrinsic safety is absolute;

Flexibility (minimum bending radius of 2 mm)

Broadband (assumed to several tens of terahertz), high mechanical strength, simple structure;

Low weight (about 30 g / km), the dimensions and the diameter (less than 125 microns);

High mechanical strength (tensile breaking strength of about 7 kg)

Chemical inertness and high corrosion resistance;

High reliability;

The absence of a mutual interference (crosstalk type known in the "crosstalk" of telephony);

High noise immunity and induction less (almost no influence of electromagnetic induction, the negative phenomena associated with lightning, proximity to the power lines, the current pulses in the mains);

Low power consumption, small loss (minimum 0.154 dB / km);

The possibility multepliksir signals from FOS.

Considering the above mentioned advantages, an important fact can be identified that are currently in Kazakhstan practically is working on the creation of information-measuring and diagnostic systems (IDS) based on the waters, and existing solutions are limited in theory work. A significant gap in the field of water from overseas can be explained by the lack of a systematic and comprehensive approach to solving this problem, as well as insufficient funding this area because of the underestimation of FOS features. Now, in the mining industry has developed a need for new IDS new entrants with better parameters.

Literature:

1 http://traditio.wiki