Филологические науки /1. Методика преподавания языка и литературы
Kruzhkova Y., Omarova A.
Karaganda State University
named after Buketov Y.A., Kazakhstan
The question of
professionally-oriented teaching of foreign languages through e-learning manual
The changes
taking place in contemporary society are reflected in the changed requirements
to the content of education. General requirements for the content of education
described in the article 13 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Education”,
where education - a system (complex) of knowledge for each level of
education.Additionally, this is also a basis for the formation of competence
and developmentchildren’s personalities [1]. The principle
of professionalisation is one of the
important principles of the national education system in the concept of foreign language education in the
Republic of Kazakhstan.This principle implies the usage of a foreign language
for professional purposes, and is supposed to be used for professional
trainings within a specific specialty using a foreign language for specific purposes (LSP).
The
professionally-oriented approach for learning a foreign language at
universities obtained a significant attention. This approach provides the
formation of students' ability for foreign language communication in specific
professional, business and scientific spheres and situations, taking into
account the characteristics of professional thinking, in the organisation of
motivating and research oriented
activities. Education based on the students’ needs in the study
of a foreign language, dictated by the peculiarities of their future profession
or specialty is meant by professionally-oriented principle. It involves a
combination of professionally-oriented mastering a foreign language with the
development of personal qualities of students, knowledge of the culture of the
country of studied language and the acquisition of of special skills based on
professional and linguistic knowledge. The essence of
professionally-oriented foreign language teaching lies
in its integration with subspecialties in order to obtain additional
professional knowledge and formation of professionally significant qualities of
a person. Foreign Language in this case is a means of
enhancing professional competence and personal and professional development of
students, and is a prerequisite for successful professional activity of a
specialist - a graduate of modern high school [2].
The changes
were introduced to the State educational standards of the Republic of
Kazakhstan in 2011. The disciplines “Professional Kazakh (Russian) language”
and “Professionally-oriented foreign language” (in the amount of not less than
3 credits) have been included in the mandatory component of the basic
disciplines of the study cycle [3].
In this paper the basis of the
learning process is a methodical six-component system
developed by Tsaturova I.A.,
this system has recommended itself as learner-and professionally-oriented
activity that best reflects the conditions and means necessary for the
formation and improvement of an individual
student - the future specialist in the framework of language training at the
university. The relationship and interdependence of all system
components ensure the achievement of the required result - the formation of
personality expert, ready for constructive cooperation in the professional
community, striving for continuous learning and able to solve professional
tasks / challenges in situations of professional communication.
This approach to learning requires
specific non-traditional organisational
forms that activate the learning process, making students
creative participants. Student-centered learning system requires maximum focus
on the individual student, his/her professional interests and needs. The
content of learning is a language and speech authentic material with a
professional orientation and personal significance for students.
ORGANISATIONAL FORMS AIM TEACHER FACILITIES AND METHODS STUDENT CONTENT
Six-methodical
system of Tsaturova I.A.
Implementation of training methods of
professional-focused foreign language communication is offered by means of the
electronic manual. The features of textbooks for a foreign language are examined
by different scientists like Bim I.L., Vyatyutnev M.N., Lapidus B.A.,
Mignard-Beloruchev A.P., Polat E.S., and Salistra S.D. The main functions of a
textbook in a foreign language (training, informational-cognitive, educational
and developing organisational and
management, self-education, motivation and incentive, research, systematising,
transformational, coordinating) should be subject to a definite purpose -
formation of professionally oriented communicative competence of students [4 ].
When you create e-learning tool for a
foreign language aimed at training professional-focused foreign language
communication, should take into account the following principles:
1. Consideration the needs of students (which
determines the choice of language material and a system of exercises). In the
course of professional work of students - future professionals - need to read,
understand and translate scientific publications, international standards;
participate in a variety of situations of professional communication and
activity sites of the professional community. The manual should include
authentic specialised texts that enhance student motivation, reflecting the
amount of information actually required for the professional development of
personality.
2. The cyclicity. The section of
manual should include thematic cycles; the construction of the sections should
comply with the principles of the material and assignments, which are common to
all sections of the manual.
3. Communicative orientation. In each
section, it is necessary to provide a series of tasks aimed at developing the
skills of professionally-oriented communication [5].
The selection of language material
should be made on the basis of needs in situations professionally-oriented
foreign language communication. Foreign Language for non-language majors is not
the purpose of training, but it is a communication means, in other words the
principle of functionality should be considered.
The electronic material of manual should be administered in view of its
availability, necessity and logic, observe the lexical, grammatical and
educational levels as the education on the manual should be a system.
The manual must develop all kinds of
speech activity of reading, speaking, writing, listening, and interpreting for
professional purposes.
The structure of the electronic
manual should include:
- Information about its structure and
specificity;
- Language material needed for a
certain specialty;
- Grammatical application;
- Lexical application;
- Control-and-measuring material;
- Glossary of terms for a certain
specialty.
As part of the training methods
implemented by means of the electronic aids, it is possible to develop
communication skills, which compose components of professionally-oriented and communicative
competence, which is formed in the process of reading and discussing authentic
texts containing professionally important information, performed by lexical and
grammatical assignments and interdisciplinary projects. A special system of
exercises and assignments will provide a student-centered approach to learning
professional-focused foreign language communication and make the learning
process more flexible and adequate to the needs of students.
REFERENCES:
1. Закон Республики Казахстан Об образовании (с изменениями и
дополнениями по состоянию на 14.01.2013 г.)
2. Образцов П.И., Иванова О.Ю. Профессионально-ориентированное обучение
иностранному языку на неязыковых факультетах вузов: Учебное пособие / Под ред.
П.И. Образцова.- Орел: ОГУ, 2005. - 114
с.
3. Государственный общеобязательный стандарт образования Республики
Казахстан Высшее образование. Бакалавриат. Основные положения. ГОСО РК 5.04.019
– 2011
4. Сальная Л.К. Обучение профессионально-ориентированному иноязычному
общению / Под ред. И.А. Цатуровой. – Таганрог: Изд-во ТТИ ЮФУ, 2009. – 198 с.
5. Матухин, Д.Л. Профессионально-ориентированное обучение иностранному
языку студентов нелингвистических специальностей [Электронный ресурс]: http: www.lib.tsu.ru