THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FAMILY AND SOCIAL WORK

Almaty, Kazakhstan

KazNPU named after Abai

Senior teacher A.A.Alimbekova

The family is one of the most important sphere of social work and main object. On the one hand, the family is shown as the simple form of cognition of social comprehension. This term is used in daily relation and each person has own experience in family life. We used to learn and hear this word from political workers of all parties, they consider themselves as the supporters of the family and the need of the family.

Ten years have been taken into consideration for the foreign history of professional works. The history of social work has been forming in Kazakhstan, the preparation work of preparing specialists of social work has begun at the universities, an interest has been arisen for the scientific research in this sphere, state, private, social organizations of solving social problems of people have been organizing. «The system of state and social support» that used in Soviet period had been stopped, it had been financed by the principle that was left, basically, their activity is the social security. Because of this, state institution of social security did not need the specialists that had diplomas. Nowadays, we still have been encountering inertial thought of state social activities that are opposite to the new method of this activity.

The significance of social work is increasing in social reformation period, its objective is to decrease the consequence of social argument. The professionalism of social works, possibilities of existence give possibilities to limited people and families, having poverty, decrease in health, discrimination and disablement to be adapted to the reform successfully. The development of social works is closely connected with the formation of civil social values, that is close to make equal own possibilities for the people who have different social condition and interest. The social work, on the one hand, has an important role of mediator among the people that live in difficult condition and individual, separate group, social, private and state organizations [1].

The social work is an activity united socially, the system of an activity, there have been told the structure of workload and complex of theory. Its content is defined with the works that had been done with the people that need social help in that and another country, formed types of social activities, professional levels of social works and social political character that have been done with the different group of clients. The professional social work is done in different conditions of the members of the family and client that are defined by the social status, religion, ethics and cultural information.

The traditional conception of social works defines an aim of social works as the regulator of legal, economic, social relations of people with the society in assistance of defining private, familial, industrial and other problems. The social activities define the private relation with the own object done with the family and its members [1].

There is more significant role to designate the work of the social worker with the family. First of all, it is to conduct the sociological research based on the formation of the family that is the object according to social works. It is not the simple task to conduct the research because of the family that live in different stages of life and appearance of concrete necessities and interest according to different type. The complexity of it is the different comprehension of the problem in family. Therefore, there is an requirement of conducting the research defining the effectiveness of the works of the family that social activities have not been protected.

The familial monitoring must be established that gives possibility to control the changes of the family, because the social cultural conditions are always in alteration. This kind of information first of all, is needed in the activities of social work with the family. It is not easy to give the definition to the term of «Family» in practice.

Recently, the main, important discussions that have been the theme of sociologists and many scientists have been the family and can the family be differentiated from the tradition of life. For example, the group of students, they can live together, cook together or separately, they can help each other during an exam or when they need help, but, on the whole, we cannot consider them as the family.

We relate to the family ties of blood people close to each other by kindred or intimate, sexual relations. Basically, the family is made of the marriage and is more permanent than the other traditions of life and social relations. However, there are some families that are not registered legally and live together managing their enterprise. Nowadays more numbers of such kind of families have been noticed. There is differently to be permanent or temporary marriage. Because, of the different alterations in society, the discipline and organization of family are adapted to it. The economic condition, law, religion, custom influence on the tradition of life and private relations of the family. Therefore, the family mastering the social and economic aspects of society are considered from the social and economic point of view [3].

N.Smelzer, giving description to the life of the person, mentioned «We, most of us, begin our life in organization-maternity hospital».The doctors, nurses, anesthesiologists and man-nurse work there, all of them look after our health. After maternity hospital we go to another organization – nursery, kindergarten, primary and secondary school, each of them has definite structure and discipline of work.

After finishing school we are to go to other organizations. After being grown-up, we go to work to one of them. Therefore, we work in financial administration, army, policy, bank, shop and etc. After retiring there is a need to meet with the organizations of social security and the system of public health service, there can be possibility of being us in the hospital or an old house dedicated to old people.

N.Smelzer noticed the one side of our life. We must not forget that after being born until the death, people are to be in an organization in all their life and the family meet them [4].

The unofficial life of people passes in the family of his parents, his own family and children’s family, grandson’s, relatives and friend’s family.

The official life of people passes in changeable organizations (school, universities, firm and etc.) and in temples, shop, theatre and etc. The changing of the time periodically (to go to the work in the morning, to go home in the evening) completes the life of the person. The breach of the process separates from the daily life and brings to the narrow-mindedness and laziness.

The provision of people to the life is to bring to the decrease of condition of difficult life, but it is the private and social problem. The social work that is done with the family as the science has been organizing until this day.

The characteristic features of scientific discipline are the organization, educational departments and publications. The scientific-research institutes of social works and departments, chairs of preparing professional specialists had been opened.

The centers of crisis that are dedicated to the women and children work by the support of non-governmental and international organizations in Kazakhstan, different kinds of activities and agencies have been developing to help to the families that are indigent to different social help and social-psychological work that are done with the family.

There is an requirement to professional workers, they are prepared in post-graduate study and PhD on the speciality of philosophy, sociology and psychology.

The theoretical and empirical knowledge are the same as the other sciences of social work that are done with the family, its peculiarities are in education and cleverness. These are the principles of social worker and science of work. The science consists of non-separate parts, they are: legality, principle and method. The social work that is done with the family is the universal type, it is connected with the other group of science, their some main principles can be differentiated: general philosophical principles – determinism, description, development. The general principles of social sciences are historical, social agreement and social significance. Their main features are pluralism (different opinions) is to comprehend the principle of social works that are done with the family.

The following principles of science are connected with the group of social works that are done with the family: sapid principles are the harmony of social-group and private interest; the provision of himself and members of the family, to educate the individual in right way and earn for himself and his family.

The psychological-pedagogical principles - empathy, reliable psychological refuge, to help people in different situations nowadays and etc.;

The methodical principles – inheritance, consequence, continuity, management;

The organizational –accuracy, mediation (psychology, law, medicine and etc. are among scientists) [2].

The concrete principles of analysis of the conclusion and experience of the social work are in normative acts and laws, especially, the maintenance of the law of people and citizens that provide the economic, social and physical security of the members of his family, the guarantee of the care of the state to children, old and ill people in the family, the socialization terms of children and youngers; keeping an interest to life, belief to the love, secret at work and family and etc. Many methods while conducting social work with the family are interdisciplinary, because it is divided as the science of its own activity and objectives. Therefore, describing the methods that are used in conducting social work with the family are divided into economic, legal, medical, political, social-psychological and pedagogical types.

Therefore, the sphere of family and the work are defined by the speciality of the social worker as the specialist who has own peculiarities of technology that is done with the family mastering their own methods and objectives to achieve their aim.

References:

1.I. Chalitova. The social pedagogy. Almaty, 2007

2. N.I.Nikitina, M.F.Gluchova. The method and technology of the work of social teacher. M.: Blados, 2007

3. Nikitin V.D. The social pedagogy. Textbook. - М., 2001.

4. Smelzer N. Sociology: transl.from English.- М.: Feniks, 1998.