Педагогические науки/5.Современные методы преподавания
M.Фёдорова
Kostanai State
University named after A.Baitursynov,Kazakhstan
Developing
intercultural competence at the lessons of intercultural communication
In recent years, issues related to intercultural
communication have acquired special urgency. Interest in the study of different
cultures associated primarily with social, political and economic upheavals of
the global scale, which led to a great migration of peoples. Processes of
relocation, resettlement, mixing peoples are taking place. This can be seen as
a positive process, because in the era of scientific and technological
progress, the conditions for the enrichment of cultures and experience provide
new opportunities, types and forms of communication. However, the main
condition for the effectiveness of these changes is mutual understanding,
dialogue of cultures, tolerance and respect for the culture of communication
partners. Reasonable and peace loving people
understand this and their effort is to make intercultural communication
more successful.
Multiethnic society, such as
Kazakhstan, is a society of social diversity that is constantly changing. One
of the tasks of education is successful socialization of students in a diverse
world, the development of the variability of their behavior in different
cultural environments, increased tolerance to "other”, dissimilar
cultures.
Learning and education are
inseparable, and educational institutions can play a huge role in terms of
education of the individual, the ability to adapt to life in a modern
multi-ethnic environment.
In the context of the intercultural
competence formation of students the subject «Foreign language" occupies a
special place.
Educational nature of learning a
foreign language is to develop mental strength and ability of students to form
a bilingual and multicultural identity. In recent years, many higher
educational establishments introduced in the curriculum such a relatively new
discipline as «The Practice of Intercultural Communication. »
The main aim of this subject is to
develop intercultural competence, as a combination of mind and knowledge to
ensure effective flow of communication process between representatives of
different ethnic groups.
In the classroom with the students
majoring in «Regional Studies " we use a study guide in the discipline ,
including texts and tasks that contribute to the development of students'
skills in English language description of the various spheres of life in Kazakh society and culture of the region
under study . Main topics of this study
guide are : Our multicultural world;
The map of the world; In brief about Kazakhstan; Early history; First names;
Town; Religion Literature; Arts; Cuisine; Proverbs; National Mentality.
Language is the most comprehensive
indicator of culture. It is well known that the central figure of the
communicative process is a person, but an instrument, a means of communication
is the language. It is more difficult to learn a foreign language as a medium
of communication when the difference between languages is stronger.
Intercultural communication is implemented in an interconnected system of
people - Language - Culture and has a complex character.
Rich selection of material in this
context can be found on the English-speaking educational sites. So, many
interesting discussions on the subject of ethno-cultural interaction are
available on the site www.bbclearningenglish.com .So, with the students of the
4th year majoring in Regional Studies we listened to and analyzed a series of
radio discussions devoted to the problem of interethnic communication,
"Who on Earth are we?", and later on the basis of it, the role-play
on the same topic was held. Students spoke on behalf of the characters,
participants of the real debate. Similar tasks contribute to the development of
skills of listening, reading, and speaking and allow students to get acquainted
with the point of view of the leading international experts on the issue of
interethnic relations.
Since the topic of cultural
diversity and importance of intercultural tolerance is relevant throughout the
world with the purpose of drawing
students attention to the issue videos of relevant content are demonstrated in the classroom, followed by
intergroup dialogues , role-play, group discussions ( for example,
“Nationalities and stereotypes”)
Such discussions and dialogues are
not just water-cooler conversation. They are guided discussions, in which
students are encouraged to listen carefully to each other and in the process of
mutual speaking and listening properly understand the value and probability of
showing another view of the world. The idea is that in the course of this
interaction the communicating participants extract knowledge from their own
experience, and as a result of this: intercultural development of sensitivity,
understanding the nature and functions of ethnic stereotypes; awareness of the
mechanism of ethnocentrism (preferences of the group) and overcome it.
In fact, the discipline «Practice of
intercultural communication” is closely connected with the transfer of
information, cultural content from one language to another. Working with text
is an indispensable component of any classes in a foreign language, and allows
solving many educational and training problem.
A well-designed and properly
correlated with one another for grammatical and lexical difficulties texts are
necessary to carry out a variety of work on the development of the foreign
speech of students. Cultural texts are both instructive and educative. Students
begin to consider differently their native language through comparison with the
foreign language, finding parallels. The taste to language appears.
In general, however , the appeal to
cultural materials Foreign Communication brings personal experience to students
, allowing them to operate in the educational conversation the facts and
information that they encounter in their daily life, in the conditions of life
in their native culture.
Learning a
language is impossible without studying the culture of native speakers, which
makes it possible to broaden horizons, including the field of cultural values
of different peoples, compare, and analyze them. It promotes
tolerance towards representatives of other ethnic groups. It is necessary that
students should understand that the most important thing is that people in a
collision with other values and systems behavior can better
understand themselves.
Reference:
1. Леонтьев Д.М. Ценнности общества и ценности личности, М.,2009
2. Поштарева Т.В. Формирование этнокультурной
компетентности учащихся в полиэтнической образовательной среде. Автореф. дис. …
канд.пед.наук.
3. Солтанбаева Ш. Обучение и воспитание в
многонациональной среде. // Мысль № 10, 2000 г.
4.Этнопсихологический словарь под редакцией Крысько
В.Г., МПСИ, Москва, 1999