Philology/Rissan language and literature
Research Institute of History, Language and
Literature, Ufa Scientific Center,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Bashkortostan,
Russia
The image of
women in modern Bashkir amorous lyrics
In
the world literature poetic description of female characters has a long
history. For example, in the famous Iliad, the ancient Greek poet Homer
narrated - two countries fought among
themselves for the sake of Helen for long nine years.
In
the Muslim literature of the peoples of the Middle East, Central Asia,, the
theme of love is also widespread. As you know the Muslim religion prohibits
reproduction of the human face and body on canvas, stone or wood. Therefore,
here comes to the fore description of protagonists outer beauty. Works Yusuf
ve Zuleiha by Ferdowsi, Layla and Majnun, Khosrow and Shirin
of Nizami Ganjavi, Farhad and Shirin of Alisher Navoi, gazelles
of Rudaki, Hafiz and others give a striking confirmation to this.
In
Russian literature, the theme of divine and sacrificial love is reflected in
the works of Madonna, Kalmyk, Beauty by A.Pushkin,
Sea Princess by Mikhail ermontov, Singer by A. Fet, Shagane,
you are mine Shagane of Sergey Yesenin and others.
In
the tradition of Bashkir literature describing the female characters also has a
rich tradition. Brilliant examples are contained in the works of folklore.
There they now compared female beauty to the moon, now to the sun; great place
is given to describing maiden hair - long and thick. «From the poem of Salavat
Yulaev Zuleiha and to this day a lot has been written about our
beautiful girls, thus accumulating rich experience in the description of
intimate relationships (M. Gafuri Before it was hard - and now it is
easy, D. Yulty's Alim or wedding of Myrdash, Kh. Davletshina Aybika»[Ahmedyanov K.A.,1982 -P.
104] and so on.
In
modern Bashkir love lyrics weobserved departure from the usual stereotypes of
yesteryear. To illustrate the hoint we focus on the poem They say God
created you once ...by the national poet of Bashkortostan Mustai
Karim, which sounds like a hymn to the woman. In the description of the
mysterious female image the author uses natural colors. The lyrical hero not
only appeals to a higher power - God but sometimes enters into polemics with
him: if God created man from clay, the lyrical hero of love does it from fire,
water, rays, infinite dreams, hopes and melodious songs not quenched.
The
lyrical hero, like frenetic, Majnun is often willing to lose his sanity.
Sometimes, looking at the mysterious eyes of his beloved, out of abundance of
hot feeling, experiencing joy and anguish at the same time he would say:
And
there I mingled doubt
Added
suffering, anguish,
The
only way, the only way the price of joy
Can
be found from the age ...
(Translated
by E. Nikolaev)
A
similar poetic description of the female image we see in the poem by Ramil
Kuldavletov (Kul-Davlet) Figure thee. If the lyrical hero of Mustai
Karim creates an image of the beloved in your dreams, ye (kul davlet) draws and her portrai also. Simple pencil helps to
convey all that he could not express in words:
Drawing
my ...
Can
it be true of his hand
I
did once this miracle?
Take
a look - and I see at times,
What
is it - the outline of a wondrous vessel ...
(Translated
by G. Shafikova)
At
first glance, a simple pencil works wonders - the picture is much more
beautiful than when using colored inks. According to the author, sincere
feelings and love can transform even inanimate objects. Love can inspire and
give a boost to any person, and therefore even a simple pencil sketch looks
alive and fine.
In
the amorous lyrics of Raphael Safin one can see frequent motifs
of admiration and reverence for the woman. Not external but internal beauty
attracts the poet. If at the time of Shaikhzada Babich they put women on a par
with the Almighty (in Graceful mill), now Rafael Safin in his
poem Beautiful woman emphasizes the point that even God would envy our
lovely women .
The
poem of Rafael Safin Beauty sounds
as kind of a poetic hymn to the woman - the basis of life and all that
is beautiful:
Was
leaving the light in its tracks,
Proudly
raised her graseful head,
Like
deer, a girl paced,
Amazing
guys.
(Interlinear
translation)
It
is known that a woman's beauty is born not only out of admiration, but also out
of jealousy. The motif of jealousy in modern poetry is used to disclose not
earthly feelings but on the contrary, in order to even more enhance the beauty
of one's beloved. The lyrical hero of the poem by Qadir Alibayev (The Jealous
one) is jealous of his beloved's snowflakes falling on
her lips or of the flowers that grow under her feet. A similar pattern was
observed in the poem by Gabidulla Zaripov. Here, for the lyrical snowflakes
falling on her lips in the lover's mind even the earth and the heavens are his rivals.
At the end speaking of his feelings the
author suddenly switches to natural phenomena:
Ah,
jealousy, jealousy of the reckless,
My
dear, I'm ready for everything.
And
even if turned to a snowflake
That
in a moment melts on your eyelashes.
(Interlinear translation)
The
subject of admiring of female beauty is reflected also in the works of Kh.
Gilyazhev (My Beauty), A. Atnabaev (Gulchachak), R. Garipov (Your
graceful figure, like a willow tree ...), M. Karim (Fairy Maiden),
Ya. Kulmyy (Chulpan),
R. Nazarov (Beauty ), M. Sirazhi (You), K. Bakirov (The
Road of Love), and others.
The
desire to keep our beautiful creatures away from negative thoughts, to keep
people from their conviction for certain acts is the main idea of the poem by
Reef Miftakhov One word to men .... The poet compares the woman's soul
with a glass palace, ready to crumble at the slightest misstep.
Good
manners and restraint are the most beautiful features of the female character.
Along with the external beauty they make a woman attractive. The lyrical hero
of the poem by Sarwar Galyautdinova Education
encourages the beautiful half of the humanity to have just well - bred
traits.
The
people there are an expression of the idea that a woman's soul is like a
mysterious and unexplored forest. Tht lyrical poem Three miracles captivated
me … by Mustai Karim forever captivated three seemingly simple
phenomena - the earth, the sky and woman. They give the author the ground for a
long and deep reflection. In the end, he comes to the conclusion that of the
earth and the sky with time people discover their secrets, and only the female
soul remains a puzzling phenomenon:
But
the mystery of the land here is coming to an end ...
For
us
The
sky grows shallow,
And
the bottom of it is already seen
only
the woman's
secret
remains
unknown
Forever
- as the supreme miracle
And
like magic.
(Translated
by E. Nikolaev)
Tht
lyrical hero of Ravil Bikbaev's As our common dream ... also agrees with the
lyrical hero of Mustai Karim. In his opinion, it is an unexplored mystery and the he does not lose interest in his
beautiful half.
As
anew I tell you a secret, I note -
All
you re-opens itself.
It
seems that life itself will fade,
If
I suddenly recognize you till the end ...
(Interlinear translation)
As
has been said, over time, natural phenomena reveal their secrets, and only the
female soul remains an unsolved mystery. It was she who in many cases is that
mysterious force which attracts and holds the hearts of men. The lyrical poem Woman
Mountain of Kadim Aralbaev also has such traits. When lost in the mountains
of the Urals travelers wandered into the house of an old forester, the owner
meeting them not very friendly. His daughter was much more caring to the
"uninvited guests". Soft and
friendly girl's look fascinates the poet's lyrical soul. It is somewhat reminiscent of Natasha
Rostova in the novel War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy. Both of them can
hardly be called beautiful in appearance. They attract us with their inner
qualities - kindness, friendliness and helpfulness.
Inner
beauty and dedication, willingness to sacrifice everything for the sake of one's
loved one are always present in parallel, they cannot be separated from each
other. Love makes a person strong and selfless. The heroine of the poem Two
Zuleihas Nazar Nadzhmi abundantly prossess
these wonderful traits. Two girls were born in different places.
However, they share not only the same name, and similarity of characters and
destinies. Through their love and dedication even iron will be maimed in battle
and Ibrahim Mudaris (the protagonist) could find himself.
The
ability to find the external simplicity and greatness of man is a rare and
desired gift, which unfortunately, a small number of people have , emphasizes
Musa Ghali in his poem I am happy that you are in the world ! ..
I
am happy that you exist in the world!
What
would I have done in the mist of freezing,
To
whom should I cling during the starless night,
In
the days that are black as night, as revenge! ..
(Translated
by E. Nikolaev)
The
lyrical hero of Akhmer Utyabaev in the poem Monument also calls to erect
monuments not only to leaders and heroes, but also to loved women, their
simplicity and humanity.
Thus,
in the works of poets, men chanted moral purity of the woman, her chastity,
pride, simplicity, humanity. The authors call to be sensitive and humane to
your loved ones, to protect and cherish the most wonderful feeling called love
and affection.
Referenses
1. Ahmedyanov K.A. Perfect and heroic poetry. - Ufa, 1982 .- 104 p.