Tolochko I.M.
Regional Training Center of Retraining of Employees of Cultural and Educational
Establishments
Department of Culture and Tourism of Kharkiv Regional State
Administration
Olympiad
as an incentive to study of the history of fine arts
National doctrine
of education is supposed to create conditions for the child for the maximum self-determination
and self-expression. It is exactly promoted with art education and its most
important part – the objects of world art history, art history of Ukraine, which
form the basic art value orientation of the student, contribute to the
development of his cognitive and analytical thinking, bringing organic
inclination to study the achievements of previous cultures, expanding
worldview.
History of fine
arts teaching at the art schools and the art departments of schools of
aesthetical education is aimed at overall harmonious development of student’s personality,
formation of his worldview, moral and aesthetic ideal, and education of culture
feelings.
Accumulated in Regional
Training Center of Retraining of Employees of Cultural and Educational
Establishments (hereinafter Center) experience in carrying out of annual
regional Olympiads in history of fine art enables to admit that, to some extent,
Olympiads namely enhance intellectual level of students, contribute to the
formation of the national art vision in the context of the worldwide.
The annual Olympiad has already held
for 14 years with the assistance and support of Department of Culture and
Tourism of Kharkiv Regional State Administration. The event gathers students
aged 13 to 15 years old who have an opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge
of the history of fine art, ability to navigate in the art of different eras
and genres, in combination and interrelation of arts, in terms of the theory of
style and in the ability to analyze and synthesize the acquired knowledge. Organizers
steer efforts on the development of the event, its filling with new content and
make changes to the format of its arrangement as needed.
Just during the
Olympiad, great attention is paid to the student’s attitude to the provided theme,
the ability to analyze the given information, stimulation of his interest in the
further independent search for additional material.
In all the years
of the event, the primary objective of regional Olympiads remains:
- encouraging students of schools of aesthetic education to study fine art
as a science;
- development of participants’ abilities to analysis of art works, styles,
genres;
- contribution to the revitalization of the creative work of teachers.
The first
Olympiads were planned and conducted by the Center at the end of the training
course of “Initial course of the history of fine art” (that is a necessary part
of the Typical curricula which provides study in art schools and art departments
of schools of aesthetic education of the system of the Ministry of Culture and
Tourism of Ukraine) with the aim to control the level of students’ knowledge.
Subsequently, methodical council decided to transform the contest into more
complex and creative methodological event which provides more in-depth
knowledge of students and expanding of their worldview.
The purpose
of the Olympiad: encouraging students of schools of aesthetic education for
in-depth study of the history of fine art, study of the formation and
development of the worldwide fine art and art school of his native land,
in-depth study of the creative heritage of the best representatives of fine art
of the world and Ukraine.
The aim of the Olympiad:
- disclosure of creative individuality of students;
- expansion of students’ knowledge in the history of fine art;
- activation of the creative work of teachers of art schools and art departments
of schools of aesthetic education in teaching of history of fine art.
The
Olympiad tasks:
- deepening knowledge of the creative heritage of artists on the theme of the
Olympiad;
- summarizing the experience of teachers;
- improving professional teaching standards;
- identifying talented and professionally promising students.
In
recent years, in an effort to help event participants to prepare for the Olympiad
the best way, Center, by joint efforts with the city specialized musical-theater
library named after K.Stanyslavskyy, organizes and conducts seminars for
teachers on a given topic, for students there are adapted lectures with
multimedia accompaniment. On the basis of the Kharkov Art Museum lectures for
teachers by leading institution experts are held in the exhibition, in order to
get more in-depth knowledge, read the archives, the research of Museum staff. The
Center constantly invites for cooperation the leading art historians – teachers
of fine art history of Kharkiv State University of Arts and Design, Kharkiv Art
College. This greatly simplifies the process of preparing for the Olympiad and
allows participants to deepen their knowledge on the topic and expand the level
of the worldview.
Experience
the Olympiad carrying out showed that in their area they have not only
informative and teaching, but also educational value. For example, the
competition which is both relevant to ethnopedagogy – the Olympiad of 2013-2014
academic year on the topic “Creativity of I.Yu. Repin in the context of
Ukrainian Art”, dedicated to the 170th anniversary of the birth of the artist
with the world name, a native of Kharkiv. It confirmed the informal interest of
young artists to the life and work of the master. Significantly, the children's
Olympiad opened a large range of activities planned on Slobozhanshchyna in honour of the anniversary of our famous countryman. More
than 60 students took part in the creative competition. According to the jury,
the general level of knowledge of those Olympiad participants was significantly
higher than the previous. The relation of participants to the event differed
with special interest, activity and demonstrated overall quality level of the
participants. When summarizing the results, the winners were asked to choose
the topic of the next Olympiad (2014-2015 academic year).
After
the discussion, students came to the conclusion that this should be a topic
connected with the work of members of the Kharkiv art school, citing a need to the
further explore the range of creative artists who worked in their native
Slobozhanschyna. Thus, the choice of subject for the next creative competition
was an attempt of its future participants.
Over
the years of the event existing forms of conducting, themes and demands of
competition changed, and eventually organizers concluded feasibility of the
contest in the form of testing. The Center worked specific requirements for each
form of conducting. Thus, the written tests consist of two or three blocks:
Block
I – choice of the correct answer from the three proposed;
Block
II – the answer to the question;
Block
III – work with illustrations (or maybe not);
Video
Quiz.
An
important part in organizing and conducting the regional Olympiads are
evaluation criteria. With the accumulated experience they are as follows: to
perform the written test items 90 minutes are given (2 academic hours),
disaggregated by blocks:
Block
I – 30 minutes, with the score 1 point for each correct answer;
Block
II – 30 minutes, with the score 1 point for each correct answer;
Block
III – 30 minutes, with a score line according to the objectives of work with
illustration.
As
for a video quiz, it is given 30 minutes, with an estimate of 1 to 3 points for
correct answers for each illustration (author, title, genre). Instead of video
quiz there can be a quiz of any content using visual music, poetry and other
materials.
Experience
shows that within the competition in order to enhance the activity of students,
creative task can be used as a form of self-expression, which is evaluated separately.
For example:
- drawing up a literary essay on one of the suggested themes;
- fancy-work on the theme of the picture, that is a fantasy about the
events that took place before the scene depicted in the painting (picture is provided
directly at the Olympiad);
- any other decision of creative task.
Topics
of Olympiads over the years of its implementation:
2001-2002
academic year – competition for the best knowledge of the history of fine art
within master class by teachers Marhaychuk and Teslenko;
2002-2003
academic year – Olympiad concerning entry without examination to the Kharkiv
Art College;
2003-2004
academic year – “Iconography: history, personality, manner”;
2004-2005
academic year – “Impressionism and post-impressionism”;
2005-2006
academic year – “Gothic architecture of France”;
2006-2007
academic year – “Ukrainian Baroque”;
2007-2008
academic year – “Style in art”;
2008-2009
academic year – “European culture from the XII to the early XX century”;
2009-2010
academic year – “Wanderers. Creativity of I.Yu. Repin” to the 165th anniversary
of the birth of I.Yu. Repin;
2010-2011
academic year – “Miriskusnyky. Adjacent art types through the prism of miriskusnyky’s
creativity”;
2011-2012
academic year – “Impressionism as one of the significant directions of art from
the late XIX to early XX century”;
2012-2013
academic year – “Ukrainian school of painting of the late XIX early XX
centuries” (Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa schools of painting);
2013-2014
academic year – “Creativity of I.Yu. Repin in the context of Ukrainian art” to
the 170th anniversary of the birth;
2014-2015
academic year – “Kharkiv school of fine art of XIX, the first half of XX
century”.
To
evaluate the results of the Olympiad tasks, to analyze quality of preparation, to
form rating of participants, to determine the winners and awardees, the jury is
created by leading experts on Kharkiv State Academy of Arts and Design, Kharkiv
Art College, Kharkiv Art Museum, the city specialized musical-theater library
named after K.Stanyslavskyy. Subsequently,
it was decided to apply the rating system of evaluation when summarizing: based
on the number of points obtained thegeneral list of participants is formed (the
better and deeper knowledge – the higher place on the list).
According to the jury, the overall level of students’ knowledge and results of video quiz
improve every year.
The
experience of the competition shows that the disadvantages may include:
- not enough quality training of participants of Olympiad to the most
difficult block of tasks where the correct answer to the question should be
given;
- formation of sentences when answering the question tests leaves much to
be desired.
In
order to the further improvement of organization and conducting the following
Olympiads, Center monitors on issues of improvement of preparation and holding
quality, methodological support, test items developing for the same themes; all
feedbacks and suggestions on the quality of the event are carefully analyzed.
Experience
in organizing and conducting of regional Olympiads on history of fine art shows
their contribution to the full and harmonious development of students’ personality
and provides them with an opportunity to demonstrate their knowledge, enhance
intellectual baggage.
Conclusion: on the results of the Methodological Council of regional section of
fine art, the Olympiad exactly stimulates interest of students to study the
theory of art, broadens their outlook, promotes interdisciplinary connections
and expands the knowledge of young artists in music, dance, theater, cinema,
literature, provides an opportunity to demonstrate orientation skills in art of
different eras and genres, analyze and synthesize new knowledge.
References:
1. Àôàíàñüºâ Â.À.
Óêðà¿íñüêå ðàäÿíñüêå ìèñòåöòâî 1960-1980 ðîê³â. – Ê.: Ìèñòåöòâî, 1984. – 224 ñ.
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êîíôåðåíö³ÿ «Ïðîöåñ ñîö³àë³çàö³¿ ó êîíòåêñò³ òðàäèö³éíî¿ íàðîäíî¿ êóëüòóðè». –
Õàðê³â, 2000. – 70 ñ.
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– Õàðê³â, 2007. – 62 ñ.
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ñåì³íàð «Ïðîáëåìè ðîçâèòêó ïî÷àòêîâî¿ ìèñòåöüêî¿ îñâ³òè». – Õàðê³â, ³ííèöÿ,
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Óïðàâë³ííÿ íàâ÷àëüíî-õóäîæíüîþ ä³ÿëüí³ñòþ ó÷í³â ïî÷àòêîâèõ êëàñ³â. – Õàðê³â:
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6. Þõèìåöü Ã.Ì.
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