Konfliktological culture of generation "Y": essence and problems

Shcherbakova O. - doctor of psychology(Ph.D), professor

Psychology chairs of the Russian economic university

of G. V. Plekhanov, Moscow, Russia

Now much attention since modern society is characterized by the increasing competition level, continuous and prompt changes and transformations that leads to increase in the conflicts is paid to a problem of formation of konfliktological culture of the younger generation. Conflict recognition as the phenomena inevitable, daily and often meeting, staticizes a problem of development of concrete norms and rules of conduct in conflict situations, and also individual and personal qualities which promote the constructive solution of the arising problems.

E.N. Bogdanov, V. G. Zazykin refer to them such concepts as "the conflict personality", "the conflictness level", "konfliktological competence", "resolution of conflict" and "management of the conflict". [1]

According to M. M. Kashapov, "the conflict person, is a person who imposes the will, presses on people, isn't able to concede, unfairly reproaches and carps at another, in that that became defends own views, opinions, belief, etc., isn't capable to rise of a position of other person. [4]

The range of the relations among youth concerns both social, and political, and economic, and socially – psychological, and ethnic, as well as cultural aspects. Allocating these aspects, it is necessary to notice, what not all of them have identical value when comparing different generations.

Cultural aspect defines a community and distinction in the relation to cultural heritage, achievements and values, in education level, in ethical standards and esthetic tastes, in outlook, religiousness. [3]

The idea of "the educated person" is replaced today by idea of "the person of culture" (N. A. Adrova, 2007) for whom are important not only ready knowledge, abilities, skills, but also culture of their application, formation and change, ability to self-development, self-control, self-defense of personal life and providing worthy life of and people around.

Researchers indicate the need formations of psychological culture of the personality (I.V. Dubrovina, T.F. Bukhanevich, Yu.V. Ilinykh, E.I. Isaev, A.B. Orlov, V. V. Semikin, etc.), as component of basic culture of the personality, the system characteristic of the person allowing it to gain independence effectively in society and to self-actualize in life.

One of the most important components of psychological culture is, in our opinion, the konfliktological culture which development is especially actual in the context of vocational training of the expert. The konfliktological culture of the identity of the expert as a component of broader psychological culture of the personality, causes the mutually advantageous, constructive solution of problems of interpersonal interaction of people, so success of professional activity, self-realization of the person in society, and respectively and culture level in society. [5]

The konfliktological culture of the personality represents the integrative quality including culture of thinking, culture of feelings, communicative and behavioural culture, which is based on humanistic values of responsibility, freedom, a personal autonomy and self-realization, shown in the optimum, corresponding to actual contexts styles of behavior in the conflict providing the constructive solution of problems of interpersonal interaction in the course of activity.

The concept of culture of thinking includes cognitive abilities of the rational analysis of the conflicts on the basis of knowledge of the theory of the conflicts and a reflection of the behavior; the culture of feelings means existence of ability to regulation and self-control of destructive emotions and feelings, manifestation of empathy and tolerance in the interpersonal relations; the communicative culture is shown in ability to constructive dialogue, attraction, a social reflection; the behavioural – in ability to use the styles of behavior, skills of management of the conflicts corresponding to a context. [2]

The theory of generations is rather young, emergence of this theory happened at the end of the twentieth century due to the need of research of the dynamic social, cultural and political transformations characterizing a stage of development of society of the last century.

One of the most interesting and inconsistent questions within development of konfliktological science is research of level of konfliktological culture of representatives of generation "Y".

At the generation which was born from 1983 to 2003 — the understanding of success and commitment. This generation isn't located to begin the way with the bottoms and slowly grow up, for years expecting promotion and increase in remuneration. It is focused on immediate remuneration, to its lot fell to live in information society and therefore to come under influence of an improbable stream of the information stream environment, and also instability of the environment professional.

Therefore for this generation it is peculiar not to dare to be the professional, the expert in something one, after all life constantly changes. Among features of this generation - the unprecedented level of technical literacy, increase in volumes of work, aspiration to new knowledge. This generation is the main labor in labor market. [6,7,8,9,10,11]

For the analysis of konfliktological culture of students we used O. Shcherbakova's technique "A level of development of konfliktological culture of the personality". 150 students of a different sex of 1 and 4 courses took part in research. We will consider the received results:

Table 1. Arithmetic averages indicators of a level of development of konfliktological culture at girls and young men of 1 course

№	Indicators	young women	young men
1	Culture of feelings	16,4	14,7
2	Communicative culture	14,3	14,0
3	Culture of thinking	12,5	11,4
4	Behavioural culture	13,8	12,6

Follows from the table 1 that on 1 course the konfliktological culture at girls and young men is at a low level, but thus all indicators at girls insignificantly above, than at young people. It means that first-year students before training in a higher educational institution didn't gain necessary knowledge and abilities for development of both the general culture, and culture konfliktological. The culture of thinking is especially poorly developed at students, i.e. ability it is rational to analyze a conflict situation on the basis of a certain theoretical knowledge. The behavioural culture is also poorly developed, i.e. students aren't able to act so that not to allow the conflict and aren't able to operate it.

Table 2. Arithmetic averages indicators of a level of development of konfliktological culture at girls and young men 4 courses

№	Indicators	young women	young men
1	Culture of feelings	16,5	15,2
2	Communicative culture	14,4	14,2
3	Culture of thinking	13,3	13,3
4	Behavioural culture	15,5	15

From the table 2 we can draw a conclusion that in comparison with the first course, at the fourth year the level of development of konfliktological culture insignificantly raised. In general, the level of konfliktological culture all the same remained at the average level. The analysis of data allows to note that for all years of training in HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION at students konfliktological competences weren't created, and they didn't learn to use them in practice.

The carried-out analysis allows us to draw a conclusion that the konfliktological culture takes the major position in structure of the general culture as promotes humane development, both the individual, and society in general.

The conducted research testifies to very weak knowledge representatives of generation "Y" the psychologist – pedagogical essence and the nature of the conflict, its dynamics, structure, effective ways of permission of conflict situations.

References

1. Bogdanov E.N., Zazykin V. G. Psychology of the personality in the conflict. – SPb: St. Petersburg, 2004. – 224 p.

2. Verbitsky A.A., Shcherbakova O. I. Konfliktological culture of the identity of the expert: contextual approach. - M.: MGGU of M. A Sholokhov, 2010. – 132 p.

3. Dubrovina I.V. About education of psychological culture of school students//the Messenger of practical psychology of education. – No. 3. – 2006. – P. 43-47

4. Kashapov M. M. Theory and practice of the solution of conflict situations. Under the editorship of the prof. A. V. Karpov. – M - Yaroslavl: Remder, 2003. – 183 p.

5. Shcherbakova, O. I. Formation and development of the concept "konfliktological culture of the personality" of the theory and practice of modern conflictology / O. I. Shcherbakova//Problems of modern education. – 2010. – No. 2.

6. Conflict of generations: myth or employer's nightmare?: http://www.equipnet.ru/articles/other/other_620.html

7. Generations of X, Y, Z: how to understand them?: http://zillion the .net/ru/blog/316/pokolieniia-X-y-z-kak-v-nikh-razobrat-sia

8. Generation of Y. Two-edged sword: http://www .proza.ru/2009/04/01/540

9. Generation of Y: http://ru .calameo.com/read/001436597b3fb6971867a

10. Generation "real heavy": http://wu3uk.ru/business/psychology/pokolenie-quotzhestquot.html

11. The theory of generations in Russia: Bases of the Theory of Generations: RuGenerations, online project: http://rugenerations.wordpress.com